Estimation of cancer cell migration in biomimetic random/oriented collagen fiber microenvironments

Increasing data indicate that cancer cell migration is regulated by extracellular matrixes and their surrounding biochemical microenvironment,playing a crucial role in pathological processes such as tumor invasion and metastasis.However,conventional two-dimensional cell culture and animal models have limitations in studying the influence of tumor microenvironment on cancer cell migration.Fortunately,the further development of microfluidic technology has provided solutions for the study of such questions.We utilize microfluidic chip to build a random collagen fiber microenvironment(RFM)model and an oriented collagen fiber microenvironment(OFM)model that resemble early stage and late stage breast cancer microenvironments,respectively.By combining cell culture,biochemical concentration gradient construction,and microscopic imaging techniques,we investigate the impact of different collagen fiber biochemical microenvironments on the migration of breast cancer MDA-MB-231-RFP cells.The results show that MDA-MB-231-RFP cells migrate further in the OFM model compared to the RFM model,with significant differences observed.Furthermore,we establish concentration gradients of the anticancer drug paclitaxel in both the RFM and OFM models and find that paclitaxel significantly inhibits the migration of MDA-MB-231-RFP cells in the RFM model,with stronger inhibition on the high concentration side compared to the low concentration side.However,the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel on the migration of MDA-MB-231-RFP cells in the OFM model is weak.These findings suggest that the oriented collagen fiber microenvironment resembling the late-stage tumor microenvironment is more favorable for cancer cell migration and that the effectiveness of anticancer drugs is diminished.The RFM and OFM models constructed in this study not only provide a platform for studying the mechanism of cancer development,but also serve as a tool for the initial measurement of drug screening.

抗肿瘤治疗的肺腺癌患者发生静脉血栓栓塞的情况及危险因素分析

背景与目的静脉血栓栓塞(venous thromboembolism,VTE)是癌症患者最常见的并发症,也是癌症患者死亡的第二大原因。肺腺癌患者发生VTE的管理重点在于早期、及时发现危险因素。本研究旨在调查抗肿瘤治疗的肺腺癌患者VTE发生现状,探讨在抗肿瘤治疗过程中发生VTE的影响因素,为VTE的早期识别和筛查提供依据。方法收集2019年12月-2021年5月于南京医科大学第一附属医院确诊为肺腺癌且行抗肿瘤治疗患者的临床资料,分别采用Cox单因素及多因素回归分析、Kaplan-Meier曲线和Log-rank检验比较独立危险因素影响VTE发生的差异。结果Cox回归单因素及多因素分析显示,VTE病史、靶向药物治疗、放疗是抗肿瘤治疗肺腺癌患者VTE发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier曲线和Log-rank检验比较独立危险因素发现VTE病史、靶向治疗、放疗患者的VTE发生率更高(P<0.05)。结论有VTE病史、放疗、靶向治疗是VTE发生的高危因素,对于这类影响因素的早期识别和筛查有助于今后临床实践中VTE的防控和管理。

Symfony人工晶体在LASIK术后白内障患者中的临床应用

目的 探讨LASIK术后白内障患者植入Symfony人工晶体的早期临床效果。方法 前瞻性临床研究。收集2019年1月-2020年1月于我院行白内障超声乳化联合Symfony新无级人工晶状体植入术的LASIK术后的白内障患者10例(12眼),分别于术前、术后1天、1周、1个月、2个月、3个月观察裸眼远距离视力(Uncorrected distance visual acuity,UCDVA)、裸眼中距离视力(Uncorrected intermediate visual acuity,UCIVA)、裸眼近距离视力(Uncorrected near visual acuity,UCNVA);最佳矫正远视力(Best corrected distance visual acuity,BCDVA)、最佳矫正远视力下中距离视力(Best corrected intermediate visual acuity,BCIVA)、最佳矫正远视力下近视力(Best corrected near visual acuity,BCNVA),视力均使用标准对数视力表(小数法)进行统计,进行客观视觉质量分析系统Ⅱ检查;术后进行离焦曲线测量并评定患者术后视觉效果(光学现象、脱镜率及术后满意度)。结果 所有患者术后1 天、1周、1个月、2个月、3个月时UCDVA、UCIVA、BCDVA、BCIVA均为0.6以上,均较术前显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后UCNVA、BCNVA均为0.5以上,较术前略提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1天、1周、1个月、2个月、3个月时离焦曲线在+1.0^-3.0 D跨度的视力均可达0.5以上。患者术后1天、1周、1个月、2个月、3个月时视觉质量较术前好转,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 LASIK术后白内障患者植入Symfony人工晶状体后可获得良好的矫正和裸眼远、中视力,获得相对较好的矫正和裸眼近视力,视觉质量较术前明显好转;但是对于此类患者,由于角膜的改变,应在术前多次、多公式进行人工晶体度数计算检查一致性,并根据患者需求,个性化选择多功能人工晶体。

Heterologous expression of Hp BHY and Cr BKT increases heat tolerance in Physcomitrella patens

Heat stress can restrict plant growth,development,and crop yield.As essential plant antioxidants,carotenoids play significant roles in plant stress resistance.b-carotene hydroxylase(BHY)and b-carotene ketolase(BKT),which catalyze the conversions of b-carotene to zeaxanthin and b-carotene to canthaxanthin,respectively,are key enzymes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway,but little is known about their potential functions in stress resistance.Here,we investigated the roles of b-carotene hydroxylase and b-carotene ketolase during heat stress in Physcomitrella patens through expressing a b-carotene ketolase gene from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii(Cr BKT)and a b-carotene hydroxylase gene from Haematococcus pluvialis(Hp BHY)in the moss P.patens.In transgenic moss expressing these genes,carotenoids content increased(especially lutein content),and heat stress tolerance increased,with reduced leafy tissue necrosis.To investigate the mechanism of this heat stress resistance,we measured various physiological indicators and found a lower malondialdehyde level,higher peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities,and higher endogenous abscisic acid and salicylate content in the transgenic plants in response to high-temperature stress.These results demonstrate that Cr BKT and Hp BHY increase plant heat stress resistance through the antioxidant and damage repair metabolism,which is related to abscisic acid and salicylate signaling.

Characterisation of manganese toxicity tolerance in Arabis paniculata

Manganese(Mn)contamination limits the production and quality of crops,and affects human health by disrupting the food chain.Arabis paniculata is a pioneer species of Brassicaceae found in mining areas,and has the ability to accumulate heavy metals.However,little is known about the genetic mechanisms of Mn tolerance in A.paniculata.In this study,we found that Mn tolerance and ability to accumulate Mn were higher in A.paniculata than in Arabidopsis thaliana.The mechanisms underlying the response and recovery of A.paniculata to Mn toxicity were further investigated using transcriptome analysis.A total of 69,862,281 base pair clean reads were assembled into 61,627 high-quality unigenes,of which 41,591(67.5%)and 39,297(63.8%)were aligned in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO),respectively.In response to Mn toxicity,genes were expressed in twelve distinct patterns,which can be divided into four general categories:initial,stable,dose-dependent,and lineage.Genes that were differentially expressed during Mn response and recovery belong to several dominant KEGG pathways.An early response to Mn toxicity in A.paniculata includes the upregulation of genes involved in glutathione metabolism.ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporter proteins were up-regulated during the entire response phase,and genes involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism were upregulated during the late phase of the Mn response.Genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway were differentially expressed in the repair process after Mn treatment.These findings reveal ideal material and genetic resources for phytoremediation in Mn-contaminated areas and highlight new knowledge and theoretical perspectives on the mechanisms of Mn tolerance.

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint invading the middle cranial fossa:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Pseudogout is a benign joint lesion caused by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals,but it is invasive.Pseudogout of the temporomandibular joint(TMJ)is uncommon,and it rarely invades the skull base or penetrates into the middle cranial fossa.The disease has no characteristic clinical manifestations and is easily misdiagnosed.CASE SUMMARY We present two cases of tophaceous pseudogout of the TMJ invading the middle cranial fossa.A 46-year-old woman with a history of diabetes for more than 10 years was admitted to the hospital due to swelling and pain in the right temporal region.Another patient,a 52-year-old man with a mass in the left TMJ for 6 years,was admitted to the hospital.Maxillofacial imaging showed a calcified mass and severe bone destruction of the skull base in the TMJ area.Both patients underwent excision of the lesion.The lesion was pathologically diagnosed as tophaceous pseudogout.The symptoms in these patients were relieved after surgery.CONCLUSION Tophaceous pseudogout should be considered when there is a calcified mass in the TMJ with or without bone destruction.A pathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosing this disease.Surgical treatment is currently the recommended treatment,and the prognosis is good after surgery.

A Comparative Analysis on the Curative Effects of Different Treatment for Infections Around Dental Implants

Objective:To analyze and evaluate the clinical efficacy of different treatment options for patients with peri-implant infection.Methods:The study period was from June 2019 to June 2020.Seventy-six patients with peri-implant infection that were treated in Stomatological Hospital of Hefei were selected as study samples.The patients were divided into a research group and a control group by random number table method in which the sample size of each group was n=38.Patients in the control group were treated with drugs combined with ultrasonic cleaning while patients in the research group were treated with guided bone regeneration combined with flap curettage.The indicators of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:The plaque index(PLI),probing depth(PD),and sulcus bleeding index(SBI)of the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).However,the height of the implant marginal bone of the study group after treatment was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05)..Conclusion:The use of guided bone regeneration combined with flap curettage for patients with infection around dental implants promotes the fusion of bone and implants.The clinical effect was significant and this should be comprehensively promoted in medical institutions at all levels.

Identification and functional analysis of CG3526 in spermatogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster

Spermatogenesis is a critical part of reproduction in insects;however,its molecular mechanism is still largely unknown.In this study,we identified a testis-specific gene CG3526 in Drosophila melanogaster.Bioinformatics analysis showed that CG3526 contains a zinc binding domain and 2 C2H2 type zinc fingers,and it is clustered to the vertebrate really interesting new gene(RING)family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases.When CG3526 was knocked down by RNA interference(RNAi),the testis became much smaller in size,and the apical tip exhibited a sharp and thin end instead of the blunt and round shape in the control testis.More importantly,compared to the control flies,only a few mature sperm were present in the seminal vesicle of C587-Gal4>CG3526 RNAi flies.Immunofluorescence staining of the testis from CG3526 RNAi flies showed that the homeostasis of testis stem cell niche was disrupted,cell distribution in the apical tip was scattered,and the process of spermatogenesis was not completed.Furthermore,we found that the phenotype of CG3526 RNAi flies’testis was similar to that of testis of Stat92E RNAi flies,the expression level of CG3526 was significantly downregulated in the Stat92EF06346 mutant flies,and the promoter activity of CG3526 was upregulated by STAT92E.Taken together,our results indicated that CG3526 is a downstream effector gene in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway that plays a key role in the spermatogenesis of Drosophila.

原子分散的钪路易斯酸位点修饰氮化碳用于高效光催化合成过氧化氢

光催化氧还原制备过氧化氢具有节能、环保等优点.然而,低活性以及低选择性的问题限制了其实际应用.基于金属离子耦合电子转移机制,本文通过浸渍-煅烧法合成了原子分散的钪路易斯酸位点修饰的氮化碳,光合成过氧化氢速率高达55μmol h^(-1),是氮化碳的6.2倍.光催化性能的提升归因于原子分散钪路易斯酸位点与·O_(2)^(-)结合,提高了O_(2)的得电子能力,减少了·O_(2)^(-)逆反应的发生,促进了氧还原反应进行.密度泛函理论模拟及Koutecky-Levich分析表明,钪原子的引入减少了O–O键的断裂,提高了合成过氧化氢的选择性.本研究提出了一种路易斯酸单金属位点光催化剂设计新概念,可同时提升催化反应活性及选择性.

地域文化与高校人才培养的互动模式

地方高校在人才培养中应充分重视地域文化,地域文化的普及宣传也应以高校教育为有效途径。地方高校与地域文化相关的课程体系呈现分层、分级、分类模式,并借助有关科研成果提升人才培养质量,结合教学与科研,高校在校园文化打造中植入地域文化及高校特色,加强学生对地域文化的感知,树立文化自信,更有利于实现文化对城市建设的促进作用。

自动化合成生物技术与工程化设施平台

合成生物学采用工程化设计理念,对生物体进行有目标的设计、改造,甚至从头合成具有特定功能的“人造生命”,用于探索生命活动规律和进行生物技术创新.由于生命系统高度复杂,人工设计的合成生命体很难完全按照预期工作,往往需要长时间的反复调谐.目前,“试错”过程主要依靠研究者手动完成,存在通量低、重复性差、迭代慢等局限.针对这一难题,自动化合成生物技术通过低成本、多循环地完成海量工程试错性实验,提高研究通量和效率,大幅增加实验设计的复杂度和系统性,从而快速实现特定功能,揭示人工生命体的设计原理.近年来,在合成生物学“设计-构建-测试-学习”的各个研究环节,自动化技术正在以前所未有的速度加速发展.与此对应,在全球范围内已建成或在建多个大型工程化平台,用于支撑相关研究和应用.本文旨在对自动合成生物技术的关键要素进行总结,并对合成生物研究基础设施的发展情况和未来方向进行讨论.

Structure regulation for ultra-high luminescence quantum yield lanthanide complex and simultaneous detection of cancer marker and ferrous ion

The exploitation of a highly selective and sensitive probe to detect both cancer marker and metal ion is of great importance.In this work,the "one stone two bird" agent of 1,10-phenanthroline(phen) is designed to disrupt the polymeric lanthanide MOFs(LnMOFs,[Ln(CHO_(2))_(3)]n,Ln=Tb,la;Eu,1 b,CHO_(2)=formic acid) {[Ln(CHO_(2))_(4)·(C_(2) H_(8) N)]n,Ln=Y,2 a;Gd,2 b;Dy,2 c,C_(2)H_(8) N=dimethylamine}) into a soluble mononuclear species [Ln(phen)_(2)(NO_(3))_(3),Ln=Tb,3 a;Eu,3 b] as well as to provide an antenna for efficient photons absorption,resulting in an ultra-high luminescence quantum yield(QY,90%) europium complex.The luminescence QY is among the highest record of monomeric(zero-dimensional) lanthanide complexes.Furthermore,mononuclear Tb3+complex(3 a) functions as a multiplex sensor towards both Fe^(2+)and cancer marker of 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid(5-HIAA).Importantly,the limit of detection(LOD)for sensing 5-HIAA is an ultra-sensitive value of 1 × 10 s mol/L,which is even lower than that necessary for the early diagnosis of carcinoid tumors.More interestingly,sensing results in simulated urine reveals that 3 a has potential application for early diagnosis in the clinic.

Highly sensitive luminescent lanthanide metal-organic framework sensor for L-kynurenine

L-kynurenine(L-kyn)is a marker of prostate cancer.At present,the expensive instruments are usually applied to detect L-kyn clinically,which limits its wide application for cancer diagnosis.Herein,three lanthanide metal-organic frameworks([Ln(CHO_(2))_(3)]_(n),Ln=Eu,Gd,and Tb)were designed and obtained,and detailly characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction(SCXRD),powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and luminescence spectroscopy.Further study reveals that[Tb(CHO_(2))_(3)]_(n)is a highly selective,ultra-sensitive,of strong anti-interference,highly stable,and non-expensive sensor for prostate cancer marker L-kyn.The limit of detection(LOD)for L-kyn sensing is a highly sensitive value of 1.0×10^(−9)mol/L.Furthermore,the sensing mechanism is discussed in detail.

Influence of influent on anaerobic ammonium oxidation in an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed-Biological Aerated Filter integrated system

Shortcut nitrification-denitrification,anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX),and methanogenesis have been successfully coupled in an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed-Biological Aerated Filter(EGSB-BAF)integrated system.As fed different synthetic wastewater with chemical oxygen demand(COD)of 300-1200 mg·L^(-1)and NH_(4)^(+)-N of 30-120 mg·L^(-1)at the outer recycle ratio of 200%,the influence of influent on ANAMMOX in the integrated system was investigated in this paper.The experimental results showed that higher COD concentration caused an increase in denitrification and methanogenesis but a decrease in ANAMMOX;however,when an influent with the low concentration of COD was used,the opposite changes could be observed.Higher influent NH_(4)^(+)-N concentration favored ANAMMOX when the COD concentration of influent was fixed.Therefore,low COD=NH_(4)^(+)-N ratio would decrease competition for nitrite between ANAMMOX and denitrification,which was favorable for reducing the negative effect of organic COD on ANAMMOX.The good performance of the integrated system indicated that the bacterial community of denitrification,ANAMMOX,and methanogenesis could be dynamically maintained in the sludge of EGSB reactor for a certain range of influent.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in Spodoptera litura upon pathogen infection

Basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors play an important role in a wide range of metabolic and developmental processes in eukaryotes,and bHLH proteins also participate in immune responses,especially in plants.However,their roles in insects upon entomopathogen infection are unknown.In this study,54 bHLH genes in 41 families were identified in a polyphagous pest,Spodoptera litura,including a new bHLH gene in group B,which is specifically present in Lepidoptera and was thus named Lep.The conserved amino acids in the bHLH domain,structural architecture,and chromosomal distribution of bHLH genes in S.litura were analyzed.The bHLH genes in Plutella xylostella and Apis mellifera were also updated,and genome-wide comparison and phylogenetic analysis of bHLH members in 5 holometabolous insects were performed.The expression profiles of S.litura bHLH(SlbHLH)genes in 3 tissues at different developmental stages and their responses to S.litura nucleopolyhedrovirus(SpltNPV),Nomuraea rileyi(Nr),and Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)infection were investigated.More SlbHLHs in group B were expressed and differentially expressed during pathogen infections,and SlbHLHs tended to be downregulated in the midgut of S.litura larvae after B.thuringiensis treatment.Our study provides an overview of bHLH family members in S.litura and their responses to different pathogens used for pest biocontrol.These findings on bHLH members may contribute to uncovering the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction.

Linkages of flow regime and micro-topography:prediction for non-native mangrove invasion under sea-level rise

Flow regime is a key driver of invasive aquatic organisms,and the invasiveness of mangrove species may be simultaneously attributed to plant traits and flowing hydrological conditions at the estuary scale.We focused on hydrological and topographic conditions for a non-native mangrove species,Sonneratia apetala,in Zhangjiang Estuary of Fujian,China.A hydrological model and a micro-topographic model were used to predict its dispersal and early establishment,and field surveys and simulated experiments were integrated to estimate its future dispersal patterns.The mesohaline mudflat with a salinity of 8~10 PSU at the mangrove seaward edge was the most likely colonization area for S.apetala under current conditions.The south-western region of the estuary with native mangroves was the most likely area for its colonization according to the unstructured-grid finite-volume community ocean model(FVCOM)in September,when the largest tidal currents within a year and the maximum fruit maturity period occur.Approximately 42%of the mudflats throughout the whole estuary may be available for seedling establishment under the future sea-level rise RCP 4.5 scenarios compared with 44%for current establishment;however,the RCP 8.5 scenarios would significantly decrease seedling establishment by 2100 due to serious tidal inundation according to the micro-topographical model.

Full retroauricular skin and fascia expansion in microtia reconstruction:a single center experience of 166 cases

Aim:Ear reconstruction is a challenge for plastic and reconstructive surgeons.The ear requires sufficient skin coverage and a three-dimensional(3D)cartilage framework.In this paper,the authors present their 10-year experience in microtia reconstruction using tissue expansion and an autogenous rib cartilage framework.Methods:Ear reconstruction was performed in 3 operative stages.During the first procedure,a 50-80 mL kidney or cylinder-shaped expander was implanted deep to the subcutaneous fascia of the retroauricular mastoid region.Over a period of 3-5 months,the expander was filled to a final volume of 80-110 mL.In the next operation,the retroauricular fascia was eliminated or reserved following expander removal,and the autogenous costal cartilage framework was placed below the expanded skin flap.At the third and final stage,the earlobe transposition,tragus construction and conchal deepening were performed.Results:A total of 165 patients(166 ears)were reconstructed using tissue expansion and an autogenous rib cartilage framework.Complications included hematomas in 3 cases,expander exposure in 8 cases,cartilage exposure in 6 cases,infection and cartilage resorption in 2 cases,exposure of steel wire in 4 cases,and aseptic seroma in 2 cases.Follow-up ranging from 3 months to 5 years showed that 159 patients were satisfied with the reconstructed ear including size,location,projection,convolution,skin-colour matching,symmetry with opposite ear.Conclusion:Expansion of the retroauricular skin and fascia can provide sufficient non-hair-bearing skin and tissue for coverage of a three-dimensional costal cartilage framework.Avoidance and prompt treatment of complications are advised in order to obtain a satisfactory reconstruction of the ear.