门脉高压脾机能亢进对根治性治疗肝癌患者预后的影响

目的:探讨不同程度门脉高压脾机能亢进与脾切除对肝癌患者预后影响。方法:回顾性分析2008年1月至2018年1月天津市第三中心医院符合米兰标准并行根治性治疗的403例肝细胞肝癌患者临床资料。依据血小板(platelet,PLT)水平、ALBI分级、APRI、血小板/脾长径比值(PSR)等进行Cox比例风险回归分析,对比合并严重脾亢肝癌患者中仅行肝癌根治者与联合脾切除肝癌根治者间临床资料,采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析。结果:Cox单因素、多因素分析显示,PLT水平是肝癌患者整体生存(overall survival,OS)和无瘤生存(disease free survival,DFS)的独立危险因素。不同血小板水平肝癌患者多因素OS生存曲线具有显著性差异(P=0.013)。PSR、APRI、ALBI分级等肝硬化门脉高压参数也是肝癌预后危险因素。仅行肝癌根治组与联合脾切除肝癌根治组在门脉高压脾亢程度、肝功能分级、肿瘤分期均无显著性差异(P>0.05),生存分析显示,联合脾切除组具有更长的OS(P=0.025),两组1、3、5年生存率分别为100%、98.2%、68.5%和97.1%、79.4%、56.8%。两组DFS比较无显著性差异(P=0.326)。结论:PLT、PSR、APRI、ALBI等临床参数是合并门脉高压脾亢肝癌患者重要预后影响因素。对合并严重脾亢符合米兰标准的肝癌患者,在肝癌根治同时联合脾切除可提高患者OS。

两种材料电极电化学染色的动力学研究

从动力学角度出发,探讨了大豆蛋白纤维电化学染色时的电极材料、外加电压、温度等对染料上染率、上染速率、扩散系数、活化能的影响。结果表明:染料的上染率、上染速率、扩散系数、活化能均随温度和染色电压变化而变化,且用新材料电极的电化学染色效果好于石墨电极。

Enhanced Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted mmWave Communication: A Federated Learning

Reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)has been proposed as a potential solution to improve the coverage and spectrum efficiency for future wireless communication.However,the privacy of users’data is often ignored in previous works,such as the user’s location information during channel estimation.In this paper,we propose a privacy-preserving design paradigm combining federated learning(FL)with RIS in the mmWave communication system.Based on FL,the local models are trained and encrypted using the private data managed on each local device.Following this,a global model is generated by aggregating them at the central server.The optimal model is trained for establishing the mapping function between channel state information(CSI)and RIS’configuration matrix in order to maximize the achievable rate of the received signal.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively approach to the theoretical value generated by centralized machine learning(ML),while protecting user’privacy.

Negative impact of hepatitis B surface seroclearance on prognosis of hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer

AIM To assess the impact of hepatitis B surface(HBs Ag) seroclearance on survival outcomes in hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer.METHODS Information from patients with hepatitis B-related liver cancer admitted in our hospital from 2008-2017 was retrieved. Cases diagnosed with HBs Ag(-) and HBc Ab(+) liver cancer were included in the HBs Ag seroclearance(SC) group. HBs Ag(+) liver cancer patients strictly matched for liver cancer stage(AJCC staging system, 8 th edition), Child-Pugh score, and first diagnosis/treatment method(surgery, ablation and TACE) were assigned to the HBsA g non-seroclearance(NSC) group. Then, clinical, pathological and survival data in both groups were assessed.RESULTS The SC and NSC groups comprised of 72 and 216 patients, respectively. Patient age(P < 0.001) and platelet count(P = 0.001) in the SC group were significantly higher than those of the NSC group. SC group patients who underwent surgery had more intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC) and combined HCC-CC(CHC) cases than the NSC group, but no significant differences in tumor cell differentiation and history of liver cirrhosis were found between the two groups. The numbers of interventional treatments were similar in both groups(4.57 vs 5.07, P > 0.05). Overall survival was lower in the SC group than the NSC group(P = 0.019), with 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates of 82.1% vs 85.1%, 43.2%vs 56.8%, and 27.0% vs 45.2%, respectively. Survival of patients with AJCC stage Ⅰ disease in the SC group was lower than that of the NSC group(P = 0.029).CONCLUSION Seroclearance in patients with hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer has protective effects with respect to tumorigenesis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension but confers worse prognosis, which may be due to the frequent occurrence of highly malignant ICC and CHC.

Effect of Gd content on hot-tearing susceptibility of Mg-6Zn-xGd casting alloys

The hot-tearing susceptibility(HTS)of Mg-6Zn-xGd(x=0.5,1,2,3,4,6)alloys was evaluated using a constrained rod casting(CRC)method.The results show that the HTS curve follows a typical"Λ"shape with the increase of Gd content.The Mg-6Zn-2Gd alloy has the highest while Mg-6Zn-6Gd alloy has the lowest HTS value.The hot-tearing behavior characteristics of Mg-6Zn-xGd alloys were further studied through a multifunctional hot-tearing test device.According to the dendrite contact point inferred from the stress curve,the Clyne-Davies criterion was modified and found to be accurate in predicting the HTS of Mg-6Zn-xGd alloys.Microstructure observation reveals that the grain size and the volume of eutectic liquid are the two key factors affecting HTS of Mg-6Zn-xGd alloys.The large grain with columnar structure can easily promote initiation and propagation of hot-tearing due to the poor feeding and coordinating deformation capability,which have a harmful effect on HTS.A higher volume fraction of eutectic phase can refill the cracking and provide continuous feeding channels by dendrite bridge and thicker liquid film,thus increase the hot-tearing resistance.

Aberrant methylation of SPARC in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical implication

AIM:To investigate the methylation status of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC) in human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and evaluate its clinical implication.METHODS:The methylation status of SPARC was analyzed in one HCC cell line(SMMC-7721) and 60 pairs of HCC and corresponding nontumorous tissues by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite sequencing.The expression of SPARC mRNA and protein were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry,respectively.The correlations between the methylation status and the gene expression,the clinicopathological parameters,as well as the prognosis after surgery were analyzed.RESULTS:In the SMMC-7721 cell line,the loss of SPARC expression was correlated with the aberrant methylation and could be reactivated by the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.Methylation frequency of SPARC in HCC was significantly higher than that in the corresponding nontumorous tissues(45/60 vs 7/60,P < 0.001),and it was correlated with the pathological classification(P = 0.019).The downregulation of the SPARC mRNA expression in HCC was correlated with the SPARC methylation(P = 0.040).The patients with methylated SPARC had a poorer overall survival than those without methylated SPARC(28.0 mo vs 41.0 mo,P = 0.043).CONCLUSION:Aberrant methylation is an important mechanism for SPARC inactivation in HCC and SPARC methylation may be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.