Comparative transcriptome analysis identifies key regulators of nitrogen use efficiency in chrysanthemum

Nitrogen(N)is a limiting factor that determines the yield and quality of chrysanthemum.Genetic variation in N use efficiency(NUE)has been reported among chrysanthemum genotypes.We performed a transcriptome analysis of two chrysanthemum genotypes,'Nannonglihuang'(LH,N-efficient genotype)and'Nannongxuefeng"(XF,N-inefficient genotype),under low N(0.4 mmol L^(-1)N)and normal N(8 mmol L^(-1)N)treatments for 15 d and an N recovery treatment for 12 h(low N treatment for 15 d and then normal N treatment for 12 h)to understand the genetic factors impacting NUE in chrysanthemum.The two genotypes exhibited contrasting responses to the different N treatments.The N-efficient genotype LH had significant superiority in agronomic traits,N accumulation and glutamine synthase activity under both normal N and low N treatments.Low N treatment promoted root growth in LH,but inhibited root growth in XF.Transcriptome analysis revealed that the low N treatment increased the expression of some N metabolism genes,genes related to auxin and abscisic acid signal transduction in the roots of both genotypes,as well as genes related to gibberellin signal transduction in roots of LH.The N recovery treatment just increased the expression of genes related to cytokinin signal transduction in roots of LH.The expression levels of the NRT2.1,AMT1.1,and Gln1 genes related to gibberellin and cytokinin signal transduction were higher in roots of LH than in XF under different N treatments,suggesting that the genes related to N metabolism and hormone(auxin,abscisic acid,gibberellin,and cytokinin)signal transduction in roots of LH are more sensitive to different N treatments than those of XF.Co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)also identified hub genes like bZIP43,bHLH93,NPF6.3,IBR10,MYB62,PP2C,PP2C06 and NLP7,which may be the key regulators of N-mediated responses in chrysanthemum and play crucial roles in enhancing NUE and resistance to low N stress in the N-efficient chrysanthemum genotype.These results revealed the key factors involved in regulating NUE in chrysanthemum at the genetic level,which provides new insights into the complex mechanism of efficient nitrogen utilization in chrysanthemum,and can be useful for the improvement and breeding of high NUE chrysanthemum genotypes.

Design of hadronic calorimeter for DarkSHINE experiment

The sensitivity of the dark photon search through invisible decay final states in low-background experiments relies sig-nificantly on the neutron and muon veto efficiencies,which depend on the amount of material used and the design of the detector geometry.This paper presents the optimized design of the hadronic calorimeter(HCAL)used in the DarkSHINE experiment,which is studied using a GEANT4-based simulation framework.The geometry is optimized by comparing a traditional design with uniform absorbers to one that uses different thicknesses at different locations on the detector,which enhances the efficiency of vetoing low-energy neutrons at the sub-GeV level.The overall size and total amount of material used in the HCAL are optimized to be lower,owing to the load and budget requirements,whereas the overall performance is studied to satisfy the physical objectives.

The Application and Development of Music Therapy in Rehabilitation Medicine

Music therapy,as an ancient and continually evolving therapeutic approach,has demonstrated unique effects and extensive potential applications in the field of rehabilitation medicine.This paper first explores the physiological and psychological impacts of music and theoretical models of its therapeutic mechanisms.It further details the specific applications of music therapy in neurological rehabilitation,motor function recovery,psychological and emotional adjustment,and chronic disease and pain management.The article also investigates the prospects of integrating music therapy with modern technologies such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and policy support in advancing this field.Through comprehensive analysis,the paper identifies future development directions and research needs for music therapy in rehabilitation medicine.

Exendin-4 and linagliptin attenuate neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor has been shown to lower the incidence of Parkinson's disease in patients with diabetes mellitus.Therefore,using these two treatments may help treat Parkinson's disease.To further investigate the mechanisms of action of these two compounds,we established a model of Parkinson's disease by treating mice with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and then subcutaneously injected them with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 or the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor linagliptin.We found that both exendin-4 and linagliptin reversed motor dysfunction,glial activation,and dopaminergic neuronal death in this model.In addition,both exendin-4 and linagliptin induced microglial polarization to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.Moreover,in vitro experiments showed that treatment with exendin-4 and linagliptin inhibited activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-and leucine-rich-repeat-and pyrin-domaincontaining 3/caspase-1/interleukin-1βpathway and subsequent pyroptosis by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species.These findings suggest that exendin-4 and linagliptin exert neuroprotective effects by attenuating neuroinflammation through regulation of microglial polarization and the nucleotidebinding oligomerization domain-and leucine-rich-repeat-and pyrin-domain-containing 3/caspase-1/interleukin-1βpathway in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.Therefore,these two drugs may serve as novel anti-inflammatory treatments for Parkinson's disease.

Discovering forest height changes based on spaceborne lidar data of ICESat-1 in 2005 and ICESat-2 in 2019:a case study in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China

Background:The assessment of change in forest ecosystems,especially the change of canopy heights,is essential for improving global carbon estimates and understanding effects of climate change.Spaceborne lidar systems provide a unique opportunity to monitor changes in the vertical structure of forests.NASA’s Ice,Cloud and Land Elevation Satellites,ICESat-1 for the period 2003 to 2009,and ICESat-2(available since 2018),have collected elevation data over the Earth’s surface with a time interval of 10 years.In this study,we tried to discover forest canopy changes by utilizing the global forest canopy height map of 2005(complete global coverage with 1 km resolution)derived from ICESat-1 data and the ATL08 land and vegetation products of 2019(sampling footprints with 17 m diameter)from ICESat-2.Results:Our study revealed a significant increase in forest canopy heights of China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Evaluations of unchanging areas for data consistency of two products show that the bias values decreased significantly from line-transect-level(−8.0 to 6.2 m)to site-level(^(−1).5 to 1.1 m),while RMSE values are still relatively high(6.1 to 15.2 m,10.2 to 12.0 m).Additionally,58%of ATL08 data are located in‘0m’pixels with an average height of 7.9 m,which are likely to reflect the ambitious tree planting programs in China.Conclusions:Our study shows that it is possible,with proper calibrations,to use ICESat-1 and-2 products to detect forest canopy height changes in a regional context.We expect that the approach presented in this study is potentially suitable to derive a fine-scale map of global forest change.

Body Weight Misperception and Weight Disorders among Chinese Children and Adolescents:A Latent Class Analysis

Body misperception plays an important role in the development of weight and dietary disorders among children and adolescents.A school-based health promotion program(2014-2015)was conducted to promote the school health education and improve the teenagers'physical health among Chinese children and adolescents.Based on this program,we intended to examine weight status and weight misperception among Chinese children and adolescents and to explore the relationship between weight misperception and lifestyle behaviors.A total of 10708 Chinese children and adolescents in 3rd and 7th grade from Shandong and Qinghai province participated in the program.The participants,dietary and activity patterns were clustered by latent class analysis(LCA).Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to explore the relationship between weight perception and demographic factors or dietary and activity patterns.Given the gender-specific difference of children and adolescents,analyses were separately conducted among boys and girls.The total prevalence of weight misperception was 44.50%.Boys,especially those in higher grade and living in wealthier district,were more likely to misperceive body weight.Girls were more likely to overestimate their weight(26.10%)while boys tended to underestimate the weight(28.32%).Three latent dietary and activity patterns including obesogenic pattern,malnourished pattern and healthy pattern were derived.The participants who had weight misperception were more likely to choose unhealthy dietary and exercise activities.The high prevalence of weight misperception was closely related to the unhealthy weight pattern and unhealthy dietary or exercise patterns.Our research found that most children and adolescents failed to perceive their weight correctly and boys tended to underestimate their weight while girls were subjected to overestimation.So,comprehensive intervention programs should focus on improving self-weight awareness,and appropriate guidance should be made to lead the adolescents to more healthy weight pattern.

A Novel Parameter-Optimized Recurrent Attention Network for Pipeline Leakage Detection

Accurate detection of pipeline leakage is essential to maintain the safety of pipeline transportation.Recently,deep learning(DL)has emerged as a promising tool for pipeline leakage detection(PLD).However,most existing DL methods have difficulty in achieving good performance in identifying leakage types due to the complex time dynamics of pipeline data.On the other hand,the initial parameter selection in the detection model is generally random,which may lead to unstable recognition performance.For this reason,a hybrid DL framework referred to as parameter-optimized recurrent attention network(PRAN)is presented in this paper to improve the accuracy of PLD.First,a parameter-optimized long short-term memory(LSTM)network is introduced to extract effective and robust features,which exploits a particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm with cross-entropy fitness function to search for globally optimal parameters.With this framework,the learning representation capability of the model is improved and the convergence rate is accelerated.Moreover,an anomaly-attention mechanism(AM)is proposed to discover class discriminative information by weighting the hidden states,which contributes to amplifying the normalabnormal distinguishable discrepancy,further improving the accuracy of PLD.After that,the proposed PRAN not only implements the adaptive optimization of network parameters,but also enlarges the contribution of normal-abnormal discrepancy,thereby overcoming the drawbacks of instability and poor generalization.Finally,the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed PRAN for PLD.

猪伪狂犬病毒PCR检测方法的优化

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)引起的一种疱疹病毒性疾病,在世界大部分地区都是地方性家畜流行病。而且猪伪狂犬病与其他猪传染病不易区分,因此,建立一个特异性强的检测方法对于其诊断具有重要意义。实验是在实验室已经建立伪狂犬病毒单项PCR检测方法的基础上,对扩增条件进行优化后对其特异性进行了验证。结果发现,优化后的方法特异性好,只有猪伪狂犬病毒扩增为阳性,其余DNA病毒:猪细小病毒、猪圆环病毒Ⅰ型(PCV1)、猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)均呈现阴性。因此,本研究方法可以为今后实验室检测猪伪狂犬病毒提供参考。

Adult-onset Still's disease evolving with multiple organ failure and death:A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still’s disease(AOSD)is a rare systemic inflammatory disease,which is characterized by daily fever and arthritis,with an evanescent rash and neutrophilic leukocytosis.To date,there has been no definite laboratory or imaging test available for diagnosing AOSD;the diagnosis is one of exclusion,which can be very challenging.In particular,AOSD patients may experience different complications affecting their clinical picture,management,and prognosis.The treatment of AOSD remains largely empirical and involves therapeutic agents.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with fever,red rash,arthralgia,and sore throat.Her serum ferritin level and white blood cell count were markedly elevated,and the first diagnosis 22 years prior was"juvenile rheumatoid arthritis of systemic type".The patient was treated with prednisone,sulfasalazine,methotrexate,and leflunomide.After remission of her symptoms,the patient stopped taking the medications,and the disease recurred.Ultimately,the patient was diagnosed with adult-onset Still's disease.Relapse occurred several times due to self-medication withdrawal,and an interleukin-6 antagonist(tocilizumab/Actemra)was administered to control the disease.Recently,she was hospitalized because an incision did not heal,and the patient suddenly developed high fever and diarrhea during hospitalization.The patient's disease progressed violently and quickly developed into macrophage activation syndrome,disseminated intravascular coagulation,shock,and multiple organ failure.The patient had sudden cardiac arrest,and she died despite emergency rescue efforts.CONCLUSION AOSD patients need regular follow-up in the long-term treatment process,and must press formulary standard medication,and do not voluntarily withdraw or reduce the dose.Otherwise it may cause disease back-and-forth or serious lifethreatening complications.Meanwhile,strict management of trauma,infections,tumors,and other diseases may contribute to improved outcomes in patients with complications.

Management guidelines for preventing exposure to antineoplastics

Contents1.Introduction2.Methods2.1 Guideline project group2.2 Registration and methodology2.3 Guideline process2.3.1 Formulation of clinical questions2.3.2 Systematic literature review2.3.3 Consensus on recommendations3.Recommendations3.1 General principles3.2 Drug delivery,reception and storage3.3 Dispensing of antineoplastics3.4 Administration and carrying of antineoplastics3.5 Prevention measures for blood,excreta(urine and feces),and vomitus of patients3.6 Medical waste disposal4.Discussion5.Conclusions 1.Introduction The exposure of nurses,pharmacists,physicians,laboratory technicians,drug transportationstaff,,patients and caregivers in medical institutions to antineoplastics is a potential health hazard.Furthermore,these antineoplastics are potential contaminants if disposed inappropriately to the environment,thus making it an issue of immense concern in medical safety.A drug is declared hazardous if it shows one or more of the following six impacts on humans or animals:carcinogenicity,teratogenicity or other developmental toxicity,reproductive toxicity,organ toxicity at low doses,and genotoxicity.Hazardous drugs also include new drugs possessing structural and toxicity profiles similar to the existing hazardous drugs(1).

Effect of concentration and adsorption time on the formation of a large-scale origami pattern

The arrangement of DNA-based nanostructures into the desired large-scale periodic pattern with the highest possible accuracy and control is essential for the DNA application in functional biomaterials;however, formation of a DNA nanostructure pattern without utilizing the molecular interactions in nanotechnology field remains difficult. In this article, we use the optimal concentration and adsorption time of origami to induce DNA origami in the form of a large-scale 2D pattern on mica without changing the origami itself. DNA origami structures can form a pattern by close packing of symmetric and electrostatic interactions between ions, which was confirmed by the atomic force microscopy images. Furthermore, we identified favorable conditions for the concentration of enable pattern formation with DNA origami. This work provides an insight to understand the adsorption of DNA on mica and guides researches on regular DNA nanostructure pattern, which can serve as templates for pattern formation of proteins or other biomolecules.

STRUCTURE OF THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE VANILLIC ACID/P-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID/ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE VHE TERPOLYESTERS

Thermotropic liquid crystalline VHE terpolyesters made from vanillic acid (V),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (H) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (E) were studied by 400 MHz NMR spectra, wide angle X-ray diffraction,scanning electron and polarizing microscopes.It was found that the VHE terpolyesters had random sequence distribution.The VHE terpolyester films exhibited highly oriented fibrillar structure.

Experience of Professor Chen Xiao-hu in treating"Double Heart Disease"with the method of activating blood and soothing the mind

"Double Heart Disease",that is,patients with cardiovascular disease often have mental and psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression.Professor Chen Xiao-hu is guided by the holistic concept of Chinese medicine and based on the dual physiological functions of the heart as the main blood vessel and the main god.He believes that the internal resistance of blood stasis and mental disturbance are the core pathogenesis of"Double Heart Disease".Advocating the use of activating blood to calm the nerves to treat"double heart disease",and taking advantage of the overall adjustment of traditional Chinese medicine to achieve the purpose of harmonizing viscera and balancing Yin and Yang.The article summarizes Professor Chen Xiao-hu's experience in using the method of activating blood to soothe the nerves to treat"Double Heart Disease",with a view to clinical treatment Provide new ideas.

Corrigendum to“3D-printed tri-element-doped hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone composite scaffolds with antibacterial potential for osteosarcoma therapy and bone regeneration”[Bioact.Mater.31(January 2024)18-37]

The authors regret<insert corrigendum text>.The cytoskeleton staining images in Fig.5(C)of the original manuscript overlap,as shown in the white dotted box below.Given this error,we re-supplement the relevant experiments and take new images,as shown in the following Fig.5(C)of the new manuscript.The new cytoskeleton staining image has been added to the new manuscript.

3D-printed tri-element-doped hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone composite scaffolds with antibacterial potential for osteosarcoma therapy and bone regeneration

The resection of malignant osteosarcoma often results in large segmental bone defects,and the residual cells can facilitate recurrence.Consequently,the treatment of osteosarcoma is a major challenge in clinical practice.The ideal goal of treatment for osteosarcoma is to eliminate it thoroughly,and repair the resultant bone defects as well as avoid bacterial infections.Herein,we fabricated a selenium/strontium/zinc-doped hydroxyapatite(Se/Sr/Zn-HA)powder by hydrothermal method,and then employed it with polycaprolactone(PCL)as ink to construct composite scaffolds through 3D printing,and finally introduced them in bone defect repair induced by malignant osteosarcoma.The resultant composite scaffolds integrated multiple functions involving anti-tumor,osteogenic,and antibacterial potentials,mainly attributed to the anti-tumor effects of SeO_(3)^(2-),osteogenic ef-fects of Sr^(2+)and Zn^(2+),and antibacterial effects of SeO_(3)^(2-)and Zn^(2+).In vitro studies confirmed that Se/Sr/Zn-HA leaching solution could induce apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells,differentiation of MSCs,and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 while showing excellent antibacterial properties.In vivo tests demonstrated that Se/Sr/Zn-HA could significantly suppress tumors after 8 days of injection,and the Se/Sr/Zn-HA-PCLs scaffold repaired femoral defects effectively after 3 months of implantation.Summarily,the Se/Sr/Zn-HA-PCLs composite scaffolds developed in this study were effective for tumor treatment,bone defect repair,and post-operative anti-infection,which provided a great potential to be a facile therapeutic material for osteosarcoma resection.

Boosting zinc anode durability through synergistic inner Helmholtz plane and interfacial electric field regulation

As the need for energy storage devices escalates,aqueous zincion batteries(ZIBs)have risen as a promising alternative to the widely used Li-ion batteries,offering intrinsic safety,environmental compatibility,and cost advantages,positioning them as attractive energy storage systems for the future[1,2].However,challenges such as dendrite growth on Zn anodes,stemming from uneven electric fields on the surface and active water side reactions,compromise cycling stability and lifespan,posing significant hurdles for the practical application of ZIBs[3,4].To mitigate these issues,strategies like electrolyte optimization,artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layers,and current collector modifications have been proposed[5,6].Nevertheless,most long-cycle experiments are conducted at low current densities and deposition capacities,with high current density and capacity operations typically lasting less than 1000 h[7].

RNF6 promotes chronic myelogenous leukemia cell proliferation and migration by stabilizing vimentin via multiple atypical ubiquitinations

Chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML)is a malignancy from bone marrow myeloid stem cells mainly driven by the fusion gene BCR-ABL.In addition to BCR-ABL,other genes including RNF6 are also dysregulated in CML cells.1 RNF6,a ubiquitin ligase of the RING family,promotes various cancer cell proliferation,chemoresistance,and tumor growth in vivo by targeting various proteins for ubiquitination and degradation,including SHP1,TLE3,FOXA1,and MAD1.^(2) However,its specific mechanism in CML is not known.

Corrigendum to“3D-printed tri-element-doped hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone composite scaffolds with antibacterial potential for osteosarcoma therapy and bone regeneration”[Bioact.Mater.31(January 2024)18-37]

The authors regret<insert corrigendum text>.The cytoskeleton staining images in Fig.5(C)of the original manu-script overlap,as shown in the white dotted box below.Given this error,we re-supplement the relevant experiments and take new images,as shown in the following Fig.5(C)of the new manuscript.The new cytoskeleton staining image has been added to the new manuscript.

Active control of terahertz quasi-BIC and asymmetric transmission in a liquid-crystalintegrated metasurface

Quasi-bound states in the continuum(quasi-BICs)offer an excellent platform for the flexible and efficient control of light-matter interactions by breaking the structural symmetry.The active quasi-BIC device has great application potential in fields such as optical sensing,nonlinear optics,and filters.Herein,we experimentally demonstrate an active terahertz(THz)quasi-BIC device induced by the polarization conversion in a liquid crystal(LC)-integrated metasurface,which consists of a symmetrically broken double-gap split ring resonator(DSRR),an LC layer,and double graphite electrodes.In the process of LC orientation control under the external field,the device realizes the active control from the OFF state to the ON state.In the OFF state,the LC has no polarization conversion effect,and the device behaves in a non-resonant state;but for the ON state,the device exhibits obvious quasi-BIC resonance.Furthermore,we achieve asymmetric transmission based on polarization-induced quasiBIC modulation precisely at the quasi-BIC resonance position,and its isolation can be controlled by the external field.The study on dynamic quasi-BIC by the LC-integrated metasurface introduces a very promising route for active THz devices,which guarantees potential applications for THz communications,switching,and sensing systems.

Dynamics and diversity of microbial community in salmon slices during refrigerated storage and identification of biogenic amine-producing bacteria

The changes in microbial composition of salmon slices during storage at 4◦C were measured using high-throughput sequencing(HTS),and biogenic amine(BA)-producing bacteria were isolated from salmon slices to evaluate their ability to produce BAs.Fresh salmon slices had the highest bacterial diversity,which decreased with the extension of the refrigerated storage time.Phenylobacterium was the dominating genus in fresh salmon slices,followed by Photobacterium and Burkholderia,while Brochothrix became the dominant bacterium in the later stages of the storage period.Seven strains of BA-producing bacteria were isolated and determined,which varied greatly in BA production.Among these,Brochothrix thermosphacta(B5)exhibited the strongest BA-producing ability,producing 98.32 mg/mL of putrescine and 78.81 mg/mL of cadaverine,and Photobacterium phosphoreum showed a stronger histamine-producing ability(77.07 mg/mL).This study explored the microbial composition in salmon slices and offer insight into the relationship between microorganisms and BAs in salmon slices.This study provides a theoretical basis for developing antibacterial agents,decreasing the amount BAs,and extending the shelf-life of salmon slices.