填土介质劈裂注浆加固机理试验及效果评价

为了探究填土介质劈裂注浆的浆液扩散规律和加固机理,设计了一套由试验台架系统、注浆系统和信息监测系统构成的三维模拟注浆试验系统,开展填土介质劈裂注浆试验研究。通过观察注浆加固后浆脉的性状和分布特征,分析浆液在填土介质中的扩散规律和加固机理。对注浆前后的土体进行单轴压缩试验、轻型动力触探试验、渗透性试验以及室内土工试验,探讨了不同性状浆脉的分区特点与填土力学性能的关系,并对填土注浆后加固效果进行评价。最后,通过工程实例,验证了该模型试验和加固效果评价的合理性和可靠性。研究结果表明,填土介质劈裂注浆形成的浆脉主要由底部半球形浆泡以及呈板状的主干浆脉、网状分支浆脉和渗透充填浆脉4种性状浆脉组成,被注土体通过主干浆脉-分支浆脉-渗透充填浆脉的三级浆脉网络以及土体间的压密作用得到加强。注浆后,被注土体的单轴抗压强度平均提升186%,渗透系数平均减小47倍。平均黏聚力和内摩擦角分别提升45.3%和44.9%。此外,填土的密度、含水率等其他各项指标均有一定程度提高,动力触探试验结果反映的承载特性与浆脉的分布情况基本一致。

Case study on the mechanics of NPR anchor cable compensation for large deformation tunnel in soft rock in the Transverse Mountain area,China

A study was conducted to analyze the deformation mechanism of strongly weathered quartz schist in the Daliangshan Tunnel,located in the western Transverse Mountain area.A large deformation problem was experienced during the tunnel construction.To mitigate this problem,a support system was designed incorporating negative Poisson ratio(NPR)anchor cables with negative Poisson ratio effect.Physical model experiments,field experiments,and numerical simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the compensation mechanical behavior of NPR anchor cables.The large deformations of soft rocks in the Daliangshan Tunnel are caused by a high ground stress,a high degree of joint fracture development,and a high degree of surrounding rock fragmentation.A compensation mechanics support system combining long and short NPR anchor cables was suggested to provide sufficient counter-support force(approximately 350 kN)for the surrounding rock inside the tunnel.Comparing the NPR anchor cable support system with the original support system used in the Daliangshan tunnel showed that an NPR anchor cable support system,combining cables of 6.3 m and 10.3 m in length,effectively prevented convergence of surrounding rock deformation,and the integrated settlement convergence value remained below 300 mm.This study provides an effective scientific basis for resolving large deformation problems in deeply buried soft rocks in western transverse mountain areas.

巨厚砾岩层下采场支承压力分布的理论及试验研究

巨厚砾岩层下的采场围岩极易形成应力集中而引发巷道失稳,其倾向支承压力分布规律是该问题的核心。文中通过建立采场倾向支承压力理论模型,对巨厚砾岩层下采场倾向支承压力进行了理论计算。随后搭建了巨厚砾岩层下采场三维物理相似模型,将分布式光纤技术用于模型试验采场支承压力测试,并对比研究了模型开挖过程中支承压力与光纤测试Brillouin频移之间的关系。结果表明,巨厚砾岩下倾向采动支承压力分布具有峰值大和影响范围大的特点,理论计算支承压力峰值为35 MPa,影响范围约200 m;模型试验光纤测试曲线表明支承压力分布规律为从不变→增大→峰值→减小→不变的变化趋势,光纤测试结果与理论计算一致,通过光纤频移变化可以反映倾向支承压力的变化规律,为采场倾向支承压力监测提供了新的研究手段。

基坑开挖扰动变形特征及控制效果模拟分析

坑中坑的开挖对于基坑的稳定性有诸多方面的影响,内坑的开挖会造成土体回弹,引起基坑土体抗力的损失,降低基坑的整体稳定性。运用FLAC^(3D)对合肥恒大中心C地块坑中坑式基坑进行了开挖与支护模拟,计算采用摩尔-库伦本构模型,通过模拟计算得出了基坑应力、桩基应力、桩锚应力,验证了基坑中外坑和内坑最易失稳破坏区域,并对利用负泊松比(negative Poisson s ratio,NPR)锚索对该类基坑进行加密支护的控制效果进行了评价。通过施加位移监测得到了不同开挖阶段基坑地表位移、坑中坑底部位移、以及坑中坑周围土体位移,确定了基坑极易发生破坏的区域以及滑动面位置,建立了坑中坑物理模型,并验证了数值模拟的正确性,研究结论可为类似工程条件基坑的开挖及加固提供理论支撑和实践基础。

高速高加速堆垛机速度控制曲线研究与优化

将以高速高加速堆垛机作为研究对象,采用动力学分析并利用叠加原理得到立柱动态挠曲变形公式,分析影响立柱变形的因素。提出一种新型速度曲线优化控制方案,当进行长距离作业,堆垛机速度可以到达最大设计速度时选择S型速度控制曲线,当运行短距离作业,堆垛机速度无法达到最大设计速度即需减速制动时选择三角函数型速度控制曲线。此方案使堆垛机速度加速度变化连续平滑,抑制立柱变形而产生摆动,提高堆垛机稳定性。

堆垛机立柱摆动分析及其智能算法的研究

建立堆垛机立柱结构的摆动方程,分析造成立柱摆动振幅过大的影响因素并进行优化。设计最优控制理论智能算法,设计思想为在不影响堆垛机工作效率的前提下可有效抑制立柱摆动振幅。建立摆动方程的仿真图,对于是否运用最优控制理论算法的仿真图做对比分析,证明所提出的算法可有效达到抑制立柱摆动,达到提高堆垛机稳定性的目的。

Movement and deformation characteristics of overlying rock mass in deep coal seam

The 110 mining method is an innovative and useful coal mining technology.It mainly relies on two technologies to improve coal mining rate:Top cutting and pressure relief,Negative Poisson’s ratio anchor cable(NPR anchor cable)support.This study develops a large-scale physical model test using the speckle monitoring system(DIC),the stress-strain monitoring system,and the infrared thermal imaging system to deeply investigate the roadway deformation and failure law of the 110 mining method,the displacement movement mechanism of the overlying rock mass,and the change law of rock pressure.Results showed that pillarless coal mining utilizing mine pressure and rock fragmentation and expansion characteristics,the use of cut top pressure relief and NPR anchor stress compensation technology in the kilometer level of deep underground coal mining still has a positive effect along the tunnel space.In addition,they can reduce surface subsidence,provide a scientific basis for ecological protection,and develop other kilometer-level deep soft rock high-ground stress underground projects.

“货到人”拣选系统在某食品企业自动化车间的应用

以某食品企业投入运营的一套“货到人”拣选系统为例,介绍了“货到人”系统在食品行业拆零拣选的适用性。通过对方案设计、软硬件配置、业务流程的简单介绍,分析了系统主要的难点和特点,讨论并总结“货到人”系统的优势,为未来同行业或其他行业的“货到人”工程应用提供参考。

Experimental study on the movement law of overlying rock non-pillar coal overhead mining

Pillarless coal mining technology is a new practical technology.Based on the compensating mechanical behavior of the Negative Poisson’s Ratio(NPR)anchor cable on the roof,the roadway was successfully retained by the top cutting and pressure relief technology.This study utilizes the Digital Speckle Monitoring(DIC monitoring),stress-strain monitoring,and infrared thermal imaging systems to conduct physical model experiment of similar materials from the displacement,stress-strain,and temperature fields to investigate in depth the fracture change law of the overlying rock.In addition,it uses FLAC3D numerical simulation to invert the surface displacement settlement.The results show that the non-pillar overhead mining under the 110 mining method has little influence on the rock crack in the middle of the coal seam,and the crack development area is mainly concentrated in the overlying rock mass of the upward coal seam.The compensatory mechanical behavior of NPR anchor cable and the dilatation characteristics of rock mass have a good effect of retaining roadway along goaf,and can also reduce surface settlement.The 110 mining method provides a scientific basis for ecological environment protection and the development of other kilometer deep soft rock high ground stress underground projects.

Optimization of anchorage support parameters for soft rock tunnel based on displacement control theory

In the construction of a soft rock tunnel,it is critical to accurately estimate the pre-stressed anchor support parameters for surrounding rock reinforcement;otherwise,engineering disasters may occur.This paper presents a support parameter selection method that aims to allow deformation as a control objective,which was applied to the tunnel located in Muzailing Highway,Min County,Dingxi City,Gansu Province,China.Through theoretical analysis,we have identified five factors that influence pre-stressing anchorages.The selection of mechanical parameters for the rock mass was carried out using an inverse analysis method.Compared with the measured data,the maximum displacement error of the numerical simulation results was only 0.07 m.The length of anchor cable,circumferential spacing of anchor cable,longitudinal spacing,and pre-stress index are adopted as the input parameters for the support vector machine neural network model based on particle swarm optimization(PSO-LSSVM).Besides,the vault subsidence and the maximum deformation of surrounding rock are considered as output values(performance indices).The goodness of fit between the predicted values and the simulated values exceeds 0.9.Finally,all support parameters within the acceptable deformation range are calculated.The optimal support variables are derived by considering the construction cost and duration.The field application results show that it is feasible to construct the sample database utilizing the numerical simulation approach by taking the displacement as the control target and using the neural network to specify the appropriate support parameters.

机器视觉系统在玻纤智能物流输送系统中的应用

结合已设计和实施的具体项目,介绍了玻纤智能物流输送系统中机器视觉系统的应用,包括基于机器视觉系统组织结构和系统工艺流程,完成了玻纤智能物流输送系统中机器视觉系统的方案设计及实现。方案设计分析中,论证了方案的必要性和可实施性,然后完成了机器视觉系统的搭建和实施。最终经实践证明了方案的实用性。为后续相似项目予以有效借鉴。

East Asian summer monsoon changes in subtropical China since late Pleistocene:Evidence from the Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna

Previous studies on the amplitude of East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)changes mainly focused on northern China(represented by the Loess Plateau).However,a rare investigation centered on the subtropical zone of southern China,where the important route for EASM moved northward or southward,especially addressing a lack of the research on mammals.The Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna is a representative mammal fauna in southern China since the late Pleistocene.It indicates the southern mid-subtropicaltropical forest environment with tropical climate characteristics,and its southward or northward movements in the subtropical zone imply the changes of EASM intensity.Based on previous research,combined with the species characteristics and distribution range of the Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna with tropical animals during the marine isotope stage 5(MIS5),MIS3,MIS2,and MIS1 Megathermal periods,this paper mainly investigates its evolution and the fluctuations of EASM.The conclusions include:(1)The distribution geometric centers in the MIS5,MIS3,MIS2,and MIS1 Megathermal periods are(26°14′N,111°22′E),(24°35′N,107°30′E),(22°48′N,112°01′E),and(26°19′N,112°25′E),respectively.(2)Compared with the MIS5 period,the EASM of the MIS3 and MIS2 moved 180 km and 380 km southwards,and that of the MIS1 Megathermal period moved about 10 km northwards.The EASM movement indicated by the fauna migration happened synchronous with the climate records of stalagmites in subtropical China,the sporopollen from eastern China,and oxygen isotopes from Sulu Sea.They also correspond to the peaks and valleys of the total solar radiation at 35°N in the winter half-year.This suggests that the migrations of the Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna are consistent with the changes of the global climate,and the driving force is mainly from the changes of total solar radiation at 35°N in the winter half-year.

Problems and Countermeasures of Academic Journal Covers

There are some problems in current academic journal covers,such as the unreasonable layout,volume of digital chaos,incomplete information,the proportion between the necessary information and images unmatched,rough cover from uncoordinated production,the lack of continuity of the publication style,and cover color matching unreasonably.According to the normative principle,academic principle,simplicity principle,characteristic principle,certainty principle,aesthetic principle,innovative principle,stability principle,it is necessary to improve the cover design of the academic journals,such as,a reasonable match between the color and the content,the coordination from the front cover to the back cover.

Problems and Solutions Related to the Titles of Academic Papers

There are some problems related to the titles of academic papers, such as, titles incorresponding to the contents, and titles being too general or colloquial. It is imperative to increase the title quality of an academic paper through peer-review, or by checking grammar mistakes with computer tools. The editors should also aim to improve their academic level of knowledge.