Seed Storability in Rice: Physiological Foundations, Molecular Mechanisms, and Applications in Breeding

Long-term storage of crop seeds is critical for the conservation of germplasm resources, ensuring food supply, and supporting sustainable production. Rice, as a major food staple, has a substantial stock for consumption and production worldwide. However, its food value and seed viability tend to decline during storage. Understanding the physiological responses and molecular mechanisms of aging tolerance forms the basis for enhancing seed storability in rice. This review outlines the latest progress in influential factors, evaluation methods, and identification indices of seed storability. It also discusses the physiological consequences, molecular mechanisms, and strategies for breeding aging-tolerant rice in detail. Finally, it highlights challenges in seed storability research that require future attention. This review offers a theoretical foundation and research direction for uncovering the mechanisms behind seed storability and breeding aging-tolerant rice.

百花宁嗽露的薄层色谱鉴别与含量测定

目的 探索医院制剂百花宁嗽露中麻黄、桔梗、苦杏仁的鉴别及麻黄中有效成分盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量测定方法,为百花宁嗽露的质量控制提供依据。方法 按照《中华人民共和国药典》四部(通则0502)对百花宁嗽露中的麻黄、桔梗、苦杏仁进行薄层色谱法鉴别,通过高效液相色谱法对麻黄中有效成分盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量进行测定。以YMC Hydrosphere C_(18)(4.5 mm×250 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,乙腈∶0.2%磷酸溶液(4∶96)为洗脱液进行等度洗脱,洗脱时间为20 min。检测波长为210 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min,柱温35℃,进样量5μl。结果 麻黄、桔梗、苦杏仁展开情况良好、斑点清晰、实验条带较为明显。盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱分别在1.369 3~27.386 7μg/ml、1.058 7~21.173 3μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,回归方程分别为:Y=0.153 4X+0.009 8(r=0.998 9),Y=0.140 8X+0.004 7(r=0.999 1);平均加样回收率分别为102.6%、101.5%,RSD值分别为3.7%、1.5%。结论 该方法可以定性鉴别百花宁嗽露并测定其有效成分的含量,且操作简便,重复性好,稳定性高,可用于百花宁嗽露的质量控制。

瑶药红背丝绸的药理作用及临床应用研究进展

红背丝绸是广西瑶族民间常用药材,性味淡、微涩;其药用活性成分主要为白藜芦醇、岩白菜素、β-谷甾醇及羽扇豆醇等,具有拔毒消肿、散瘀止痛的功能,用于毒蛇咬伤、跌打损伤、扭伤,风湿关节疼痛等。本文就近年来红背丝绸的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用作一总结,为红背丝绸的进一步研究提供参考。