含氟生物浸出体系中阳离子竞争络合解毒机理研究

针对生物浸出体系中氟对浸矿微生物的抑制问题,提出结合氟的溶液化学性质,利用金属阳离子的竞争络合作用,使溶液中的游离F^-形成络合态,进而使细菌可耐受高氟浓度生长。比较了不同金属氟化物对细菌生长的影响,结果显示:AlF_3和FeF_3性质稳定,对细菌生长无明显影响;MgF_2溶于浸出体系释放F^-,对细菌产生毒害作用。热力学分析结果表明,Al^(3+)、Fe^(3+)对F^-的竞争络合机理以及Mg^(2+)对F^-无竞争络合符合热力学定律。比较了Al^(3+)和Fe^(3+)对F^-的解毒能力,结果表明,Al^(3+)、Fe^(3+)对氟均有解毒作用,解毒能力大小为Al^(3+)>Fe^(3+)。通过PHREEQC计算可知,络合物形态可通过调节溶液中F^-与金属离子的浓度控制,且随着F^-与金属离子浓度比的减小,配位数向低配位方向移动。

Surface chemical study of the selective separation of chalcopyrite and marmatite

FCLS (Ferric Chromium Lignin Sulfonate) was used to aid the separation of chalcopyrite from marmatite. Flotation, adsorption and zeta-potential tests of treated marmatite and chalcopyrite were performed. The flotation of marmatite was strongly depressed, while that of chalcopyrite was only slightly depressed, over a wide range of pH values when FCLS was used as depressant in the presence of Butyl Xanthate (BX). The adsorption of BX onto chalcopyrite or marmatite takes place over a wide pH range. The adsorption density of BX on chalcopyrite and marmatite decreases as the pH increases. The adsorption density of FCLS onto marmatite is greater than the adsorption density onto chalcopyrite. The zeta potentials of chalcopyrite and marmatite become more negative due to the addition of xanthate and FCLS.

QUANTUM CHEMICAL MECHANISM ON THE SURFACE OXIDATION AND FLOTATION OF SULPHIDE MINERALS

The surfaces of galena and pyrite,the adsorption of oxygen,and the reactions of ethyl xanthate on the sulfides were studied using quantum chemical calculations.In addition,the surface electron structures of the minerals were discussed.According to the results,the mechanisms of ionic exchange reaction and dixanthogen adsorption for the xanthate notation of galena and pyrite were explained.The important role of oxygen in collector and collectorless flotation processes was also investigated.

SYNERGISM OF WOLFRAMITE FLOTATION WITH BENZYL ARSONIC ACID AND SODIUM BUTYL XANTHATE

Wolframite notation with benzyl arsonic acid and sodium butyl xanthate is studied,at first.It shows the efficiency of mineral processig is good when the two agents are added together.Then the synergism of sodium butyl xanthate and benzyl arsonic acid is studied also by HPLC.

HYDROPHOBICITY－HYDROPHILICITY BALANCE RELATIONSHIPSFORCOLLECTORLESSFLOTATIONOFSULPHIDEMINERALS

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POTENTIAL-CONTROLLED FLOTATION OF SPHALERITE

The collector and collectorless notation of sphalerite by potential control,called potential-controlled flotation(PCF),have been investigated in this paper.The results have shown that the oxidative environment of flotation pulp or higher pulp potential could improve and activate the PCF of sphalerite,which was depressed under reducing conditions or lower pulp potential.The mechanisms of PCF have been simply discussed.