From Usability to Pleasure: A Case Study of Difference in Users’ Preference

For past decades, research of designing “pleasure” into products in the academic community has produced a multitude of evaluation models and frameworks. These models address the critical issues of pleasurable product design leading to emotional design. This study is intended to explore the change from the need of “usability” for the product design to the need of “pleasure” for the user experience. The questionnaires were used to obtain data from 343 subjects. The four keyboard designs were adopted in the experiment to study the difference and the change from “usability” to “pleasure” of users” preference. The results show that the need for pleasure is higher than usability, as well as attractive things also transmit the feel of work better. Besides, preference is related to gender, age, major, and educational background. Results presented herein provide designers with a valuable reference for examining the way how to design “pleasure” into product and the interactive experience of users in the design process.

Paroxetine engenders analgesic effects through inhibition of p38 phosphorylation in a rat migraine model

In this study, a model of migraine was established by electrical stimulation of the superior sagittal sinus in rats. These rats were then treated orally with paroxetine at doses of 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg per day for 14 days. Following treatment, mechanical withdrawal thresholds were significantly higher, extracellular concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the periaqueductal grey matter and nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis were higher, and the expression of phosphorylated p38 in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis was lower. Our experimental findings suggest that paroxetine has analgesic effects in a rat migraine model, which are mediated by inhibition of p38 phosphorylation.

Predictive role of interleukin-6 and CAT score in mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the acute exacerbation stage in the emergency department

BACKGROUND:The study aimed to evaluate the predictive role of interleukin-6(IL-6)and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)assessment test(CAT)score in mechanical ventilation(MV)in COPD patients at the acute exacerbation stage in the emergency department(ED).METHODS:For a one-year period,among adult patients in the ED who met the criteria of acute exacerbation of COPD,158 who received MV within 48 hours after admission were compared to 294 who didn't require MV within the same period after admission.IL-6 level and CAT score were compared between the two groups.The predicted value of IL-6 and CAT score was assessed by logistic regression analysis and a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.RESULTS:The IL-6 and CAT scores in the 158 MV patients were much higher than those without.IL-6 and CAT scores were independent predictors of MV within 48 hours using logistic regression analysis(IL-6:odds ratio[OR]1.053,95%confidence interval[CI]1.039–1.067,P<0.001;CAT score:OR 1.122,95%CI 1.086–1.159,P<0.001).The combination of IL-6 and CAT scores(area under ROC curve[AUC]0.826,95%CI 0.786–0.866,P<0.001)improved the accuracy of predicting MV within 48 hours when compared with IL-6(AUC 0.752,95%CI 0.703–0.800,P<0.001)and CAT scores alone(AUC 0.739,95%CI 0.692–0.786,P<0.001).The sensitivity and specificity were 69.6%,74.1%,75.32%and 63.6%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The combined of IL-6 and CAT scores is useful for evaluating the risk of COPD patients at acute exacerbation in ED,and can provide a predictive value for MV or not within 48 hours.

Traditional Chinese medicine: empowering tuberculosis prevention and control

Dear Editor,Tuberculosis(TB)is an airborne chronic infectious disease,posing long-lasting challenges and causing extensive health crises and deaths to humanity throughout history,despite existing prevention and treatment methods.The latest TB statistics report released by the World Health Organization in 2023 pointed out that,in 2022,the world recorded approximately 10.6 million new confirmed cases of TB.Among them,China accounted for about 748,000,around 7.1%of the total[1].

Effects of Maxingloushi decoction on immune inflammation and programmed death markers in mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND: To investigate effects of Maxingloushi decoction on lung inflammation and programmed death markers(programmed death-1 [PD-1], programmed death-ligand 1 [PD-L1]) in the lung tissue, peripheral blood, and bronchoalveolar lavage fl uid(BLF) in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).METHODS: Thirty-six mature male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into normal group(group A, n=6), COPD model group(group B, n=10), Maxingloushi decoction + COPD group(group C, n=10), and PD-1 inhibitor + COPD group(group D, n=10). The COPD model was established by smoke inhalation combined with lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in plasma and BLF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Histopathological techniques were used to semi-quantitatively analyze the immuno-fluorescence optical density(IOD) value of the lung tissue. RESULTS: In plasma and BLF, the expression of PD-1 in the group B was higher than that in the group A, and the expression of PD-L1 was lower than that in the group A. The expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in the lung tissue was normalized in the group C in comparison with the group B(P<0.05) and the group D(P<0.05), and infl ammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue was also improved.CONCLUSIONS: These findings reveal that COPD causes an immune imbalance in the peripheral blood and lung tissue, and that both Maxingloushi decoction and PD-1 inhibitor treatment can mitigate lung inflammation in COPD by reducing PD-1 expression and increasing PD-L1 expression. The treatment effect of Maxingloushi decoction may be superior to that of PD-1 inhibitor.

区块链技术在政务数据共享中的应用

区块链技术能够化解数据共享面临的安全与效率矛盾,在政务数据共享中具有很大的应用潜力。基于当前政策环境和传统数据共享的问题,结合区块链技术的应用原理与核心优势,分析了区块链在政务信息资源共享中应用的优势与预期效果,引入并分析了不动产区块链信息共享平台建设的实际案例。案例证明,区块链技术可有效解决政务数据共享存在的问题与挑战,促使政府为社会提供更优质的公共服务。在总结了运用区块链技术的经验与启示之后,提出了未来区块链促进政务信息共享的建议与展望。

A Master-Slave Blockchain Paradigm and Application in Digital Rights Management

Upon flaws of current blockchain platforms of heavyweight, large capacity of ledger, and time-consuming of synchronization of data, in this paper, we proposed a new paradigm of master-slave blockchain scheme(MSB) for pervasive computing that suitable for general PC, mobile device such as smart phones or PADs to participants in the working of mining and verification, in which we separated traditional blockchain model in 2 layer defined as master node layer and a series of slavery agents layer, then we proposed 2 approaches for partially computing model(PCM) and non-computing of model(NCM) in the MSB blockchain, Finally large amounts of simulations manifest the proposed master-slave blockchain scheme is feasible, extendible and suitable for pervasive computing especially in the 5 G generation environment, and can apply in the DRM-related applications.

Phishing Detection with Image Retrieval Based on Improved Texton Correlation Descriptor

Anti-detection is becoming as an emerging challenge for anti-phishing.This paper solves the threats of anti-detection from the threshold setting condition.Enough webpages are considered to complicate threshold setting condition when the threshold is settled.According to the common visual behavior which is easily attracted by the salient region of webpages,image retrieval methods based on texton correlation descriptor(TCD)are improved to obtain enough webpages which have similarity in the salient region for the images of webpages.There are two steps for improving TCD which has advantage of recognizing the salient region of images:(1)This paper proposed Weighted Euclidean Distance based on neighborhood location(NLW-Euclidean distance)and double cross windows,and combine them to solve the problems in TCD;(2)Space structure is introduced to map the image set to Euclid space so that similarity relation among images can be used to complicate threshold setting conditions.Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the effectiveness of anti-phishing and make the system more stable,and significantly reduce the possibilities of being hacked to be used as mining systems for blockchain.

孕妇药物临床试验中的伦理问题及其解决方案综述

由于孕妇及胎儿对药物较为敏感、孕妇用药具有普遍性以及孕妇药物临床试验的缺失,孕妇进行药物临床试验是必要的。然而,目前此类试验在开展过程中面临诸多伦理问题,主要包括孕妇受试者招募不足、风险与受益难以平衡以及孕妇受试者保护体系不够完善。因此,可通过有效地招募和保留孕妇受试者、防控风险和提高受益以及完善保护孕妇受试者的相关体系等科学对策解决。

A Novel Universal Steganalysis Algorithm Based on the IQM and the SRM

The state-of-the-art universal steganalysis method,spatial rich model(SRM),and the steganalysis method using image quality metrics(IQM)are both based on image residuals,while they use 34671 and 10 features respectively.This paper proposes a novel steganalysis scheme that combines their advantages in two ways.First,filters used in the IQM are designed according to the models of the SRM owning to their strong abilities for detecting the content adaptive steganographic methods.In addition,a total variant(TV)filter is also used due to its good performance of preserving image edge properties during filtering.Second,due to each type of these filters having own advantages,the multiple filters are used simultaneously and the features extracted from their outputs are combined together.The whole steganalysis procedure is removing steganographic noise using those filters,then measuring the distances between images and their filtered version with the image quality metrics,and last feeding these metrics as features to build a steganalyzer using either an ensemble classifier or a support vector machine.The scheme can work in two modes,the single filter mode using 9 features,and the multi-filter mode using 639 features.We compared the performance of the proposed method,the SRM and the maxSRMd2.The maxSRMd2 is the improved version of the SRM.The simulated results show that the proposed method that worked in the multi-filter mode was about 10%more accurate than the SRM and maxSRMd2 when the data were globally normalized,and had similar performance with the SRM and maxSRMd2 when the data were locally normalized.

Luteolin protects PC12 cells from rotenone-induced apoptosis

The 4-hydroxy-flavonoid compound luteolin is a phytoestrogen with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. The present study analyzed the protective effects of luteolin against rotenone-induced PC12 cell apoptosis in a model of Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. Rotenone （1.6 μmol/L） was utilized to establish the In vitro PD model, resulting in low cell viability and an apoptotic rate of 36.1%. Luteolin （100 μmol/L） pretreatment significantly ameliorated rotenone-induced damage, improved cell morphology and viability, decreased comet tail length, reduced the rate of apoptosis （11.8%）, and down-regulated cleaved caspase-3 expression. Results demonstrate that luteolin protects PC12 cells against rotenone-induced apoptosis by decreasing cleaved caspase-3 expression.

Successful multimodality treatment of metastatic gallbladder cancer:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the biliary system,and it is characterized by high aggressiveness and an extremely poor prognosis.Current treatment for advanced gallbladder cancer remains unsatisfactory.Here,we report a patient with advanced gallbladder cancer who was cured by multidisciplinary treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 73-year-old male presented to our hospital with right abdominal pain for 3 d and was diagnosed with stage IVB gallbladder cancer with multiple liver metastases,peritoneum metastasis,diaphragm metastasis and lymph node metastases.The patient initially received chemotherapy,targeted therapy,125I seed implantation and immunotherapy,as there were no specific indications for radical surgery.During these palliative therapies,the level of tumor markers gradually decreased but remained higher than the normal level,lymph node metastases gradually disappeared,and liver metastasis was gradually limited to the left liver.Finally,the patient received radical surgery with left hepatectomy,radical lymphadenectomy and partial diaphragmatic resection.To date,the patient has survived for more than six years posttreatment,the levels of tumor markers are normal,and imaging examinations show no signs of tumor recurrence.CONCLUSION Currently,the prognosis of advanced gallbladder cancer remains unsatisfactory.A single treatment method is not sufficient for patients with advanced gallbladder cancer.Multidisciplinary individualized treatment is essential and should be utilized for advanced gallbladder cancer patients to further improve prognosis.

High-throughput discovery of highly selective reversible hMAO-B inhibitors based on at-line nanofractionation

Human monoamine oxidase B(hMAO-B)has emerged as a pivotal therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.Due to adverse effects and shortage of commercial drugs,there is a need for novel,highly selective,and reversible hMAO-B inhibitors with good blood-brain barrier permeability.In this study,a high-throughput at-line nanofractionation screening platform was established with extracts from Chuanxiong Rhizoma,which resulted in the discovery of 75 active compounds,including phenolic acids,volatile oils,and phthalides,two of which were highly selective novel natural phthalide hMAO-B inhibitors that were potent,selective,reversible and had good blood‒brain permeability.Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the inhibition mechanism.Sedanolide(IC_(50)=103 nmol/L;SI=645)and neocnidilide(IC_(50)=131 nmol/L;SI=207)demonstrated their excellent potential as hMAO-B inhibitors.They offset the limitations of deactivating enzymes associated with irreversible hMAO-B inhibitors such as rasagiline.In SH-SY5Y cell assays,sedanolide(EC_(50)=0.962μmol/L)and neocnidilide(EC_(50)=1.161μmol/L)exhibited significant neuroprotective effects,comparable to the positive drugs rasagiline(EC_(50)=0.896μmol/L)and safinamide(EC_(50)=1.079μmol/L).These findings underscore the potential of sedanolide as a novel natural hMAO-B inhibitor that warrants further development as a promising drug candidate.

我国城市创新与产业协同指数构建及分析——基于熵权法的实证研究

文章从城市和行政大区两个角度出发,使用熵权法建立评估城市创新指数、产业发展指数以及二者协调程度的指标体系,并以此为依据给出具体的政策建议。研究表明:在城市创新指数方面,深圳、北京、广州最高,华东地区最高;在产业发展指数方面,上海、北京、深圳最高,东部地区最高;在两者协调性方面,太原、宁波最好,东部地区最好。以上三个指标按照4∶4∶2的比例加总得出的城市创新与产业协同指数,前三甲的城市为深圳、北京、上海。城市创新与产业协同指数评估结果表明,我国城市创新与产业协调水平总体较高,但城市与城市、区域与区域之间的差距较大,未来提升空间仍较大,并可以通过因地制宜选择区域创新发展新模式、增强区域协同发展能力、加强科技成果转化等达到。

Simultaneous Fe(Ⅲ) reduction and ammonia oxidation process in Anammox sludge

In recent years, there have been a number of reports on the phenomenon in which ferric iron（Fe（Ⅲ）） is reduced to ferrous iron [Fe（Ⅱ）] in anaerobic environments, accompanied by simultaneous oxidation of ammonia to NO2-, NO3-, or N2.However, studies on the relevant reaction characteristics and mechanisms are rare. Recently, in research on the effect of Fe（Ⅲ） on the activity of Anammox sludge, excess ammonia oxidization has also been found.Hence, in the present study, Fe（Ⅲ） was used to serve as the electron acceptor instead of NO2-,and the feasibility and characteristics of Anammox coupled to Fe（Ⅲ） reduction（termed Feammox） were investigated. After 160 days of cultivation, the conversion rate of ammonia in the reactor was above 80%, accompanied by the production of a large amount of NO3-and a small amount of NO2-. The total nitrogen removal rate was up to 71.8%. Furthermore,quantities of Fe（Ⅱ） were detected in the sludge fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH） and denaturated gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） analyses further revealed that in the sludge, some Anammox bacteria were retained, and some microbes were enriched during the acclimatization process. We thus deduced that in Anammox sludge, Fe（Ⅲ） reduction takes place together with ammonia oxidation to NO2-and NO3-along with the Anammox process.

Janus γ-Fe2O3/SiO2-based nanotheranostics for dual-modal imaging and enhanced synergistic cancer starvation/chemodynamic therapy

Multimodal cancer synergistic therapy exhibited remarkable advantages over monotherapy in producing an improved therapeutic efficacy. In this work, Janus-type γ-Fe2 O3/SiO2 nanoparticles(JFSNs) are conjugated with glucose oxidase(GOx) for synergistic cancer starvation/chemodynamic therapy. The γ-Fe2O3 hemisphere of JFSNs can perform photoacoustic/T2 magnetic resonance dual-modal imaging of tumors.GOx on the surface of JFSNs catalyzes the decomposition of glucose and produces H2O2 for cancer starvation therapy. Subsequently, the γ-Fe2O3 hemisphere catalyzes the disproportionation of H2O2 to generate highly reactive hydroxyl radicals in an acidic tumor microenvironment. The close distance between GOx and JFSNs ensures adequate contact between the γ-Fe2O3 hemisphere and its substrate H2O2, thus enhancing the catalytic efficiency. This synergy of glucose depletion, biotoxic H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals significantly suppresses 4 T1 mammary tumor growth with minimal adverse effects.

运用信息技术提升我国公共服务水平的策略分析

随着我国信息化技术的不断进步,涌现出多种多样的信息技术创新与服务创新的典型案例,使大众感受到技术发展给自身生活带来的诸多便利。将信息化技术有效地运用到政府治理中,可以有效地提升我国公共服务水平,有利于提升人民群众的获得感。本文从信息技术促进公共服务的背景、基本理论逻辑出发,提出厘清思路、完善考核、加强人才等方面的公共服务水平提升建议。

Controllable synthesis of highly crystallized mesoporous TiO2/WO3 heterojunctions for acetone gas sensing

Mesoporous semiconducting metal oxides(SMOs)heterojunctions are appealing sensors for gas detecting.However,due to the different hydrolysis and condensation mechanism of every metal precursor and the contradiction between high crystallinity and high surface area,the synthesis of mesoporous SMOs heterojunctions with highly o rdered mesostructures,highly crystallized frameworks,and high surface area remains a huge challenge.In this work,we develop a novel"acid-base pair"adjusted solvent evaporation induced self-assembly(EISA)strategy to prepare highly crystallized ordered mesoporous TiO2/WO3(OM-TiO2/WO3)heterojunctions.The WCl6 and titanium isopropoxide(TIPO)are used as the precursors,respectively,which function as the"acid-base pair",enabling the coassembly with the structure directing agent(PEO-b-PS)into highly ordered meso structures.In addition,PEO-b-PS can be converted to rigid carbon which can protect the meso structures from collapse during the crystallization process.The resultant OM-TiO2/WO3 heterojunctions possess primitive cubic mesostructures,large pore size(~21.1 nm),highly crystalline frameworks and surface area(~98 m2/g).As a sensor for acetone,the obtained OM-TiO2/WO3 show excellent re sponse/recovery perfo rmance(3 s/5 s),good linear dependence,repeatability,selectivity,and long-term stability(35 days).

Dual human iPSC-derived cardiac lineage cell-seeding extracellular matrix patches promote regeneration and long-term repair of infarcted hearts

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiovascular progenitor cells (hCVPCs) and cardiomyocytes (hCMs) possess therapeutic potential for infarcted hearts;however, their efficacy needs to be enhanced. Here we tested the hypotheses that the combination of decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosal extracellular matrix (SIS-ECM) with hCVPCs, hCMs, or dual of them (Mix, 1:1) could provide better therapeutic effects than the SIS alone, and dual hCVPCs with hCMs would exert synergic effects in cardiac repair. The data showed that the SIS patch well supported the growth of hCVPCs and hCMs. Epicardially implanted SIS-hCVPC, SIS-hCM, or SIS-Mix patches at 7-day post-myocardial infarction significantly ameliorated functional worsening, ventricular dilation and scar formation at 28- and 90-day post-implantation in C57/B6 mice, whereas the SIS only mildly improved function at 90-day post-implantation. Moreover, the SIS and SIS-cell patches improved vascularization and suppressed MI-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and expression of Col1 and Col3, but only the SIS-hCM and the SIS-Mix patches increased the ratio of collagen III/I fibers in the infarcted hearts. Further, the SIS-cell patches stimulated cardiomyocyte proliferation via paracrine action. Notably, the SIS-Mix had better improvements in cardiac function and structure, engraftments, and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Proteomic analysis showed distinct biological functions of exclusive proteins secreted from hCVPCs and hCMs, and more exclusive proteins secreted from co-cultivated hCVPCs and hCMs than mono-cells involving in various functional processes essential for infarct repair. These findings are the first to demonstrate the efficacy and mechanisms of mono- and dual-hCVPC- and hCM-seeding SIS-ECM for repair of infarcted hearts based on the side-by-side comparison.

An implantable antibacterial drug-carrier:Mesoporous silica coatings with size-tunable vertical mesochannels

Implant-associated bacterial infection remains one of the most common and serious complications.Therefore,a surface boasting long-term antibacterial ability for implants is highly desirable.Herein,mesoporous silica coatings(MSCs)with vertical and size-tunable mesochannels are fabricated on a variety of metal substrates via a nano-interfacial oriented assembly approach.Such facile and versatile approach relies on the vertically oriented fusion of composite micelles on the nanoscale flatness surface of substrates.Such orientation assembly process endows the MSCs with vertical mesochannels,tunable mesopore size(ca.5.5-13.5 nm),and switchable substrates even with complex and diversified surfaces.Importantly,the MSCs on titanium substrates(Ti@MSCs)exhibit excellent performances for drug adsorption and sustained release.The saturation adsorption capacity can reach 0.544 μg·cm^(-2) towards minocycline hydrochloride(MC-HCl)antibiotic molecules,which is 6.5 times as the bare titanium(Ti)substrate.In addition,the drug release time can be controlled from 84 to 216 h by simply adjusting the mesopore size.As a proof of concept,the Ti@MSCs can realize a higher antibacterial rate(95.9%),compared with the bare Ti(70.3%).The results highlight the high potential of MSCs as implant coating for long-term preventing and eliminating peri-implantitis.