Impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective:To investigate the impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)-based therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:A total of 155 patients with CHB-related HCC who received ICI–based therapy(in the Department of Hepatology,Tianjin Second People’s Hospital and Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital)between April 2021 and December 2023 were evaluated.Patients were divided into two groups:MASLD concurrent with CHB[MASLD-CHB](n=38),and CHB(n=117).Results:The median progression-free survival(PFS,6.9 months vs.9.3 months;P=0.001),progressive disease(57.89%vs.37.61%;P=0.028),and disease control rate(42.11%vs.62.39%;P=0.028)in the MASLD-CHB group were significantly worse than the CHB group.The median overall survival was not attained.The percentage of CD4+PD1+(17.56%vs.8.89%;P<0.001)and CD8+PD1+T cells(10.50%vs.7.42%;P=0.005)in patient samples from the MASLD-CHB group were significantly higher than the CHB group.Concurrent MASLD[hazard ratio(HR)=1.921;95%CI,1.138–3.245;P=0.015]and alpha-fetoprotein levels after 3 months of treatment(HR=2.412;95%CI,1.360–4.279;P=0.003)were independent risk factors for PFS in all patients.Conclusions:ICI-based therapy in patients with CHB-related HCC and concurrent MASLD resulted in poorer efficacy and shorter PFS compared to patients with CHB-related HCC alone.

Simulation of nanofluid natural convection based on single-particle hydrodynamics in energy-conserving dissipative particle dynamics(eDPD)

In the present study,the nanofliud natural convection is investigated by the energy-conserving dissipative particle dynamics(eDPD)method,where the nanoparticles are considered at the single-particle level.The thermal expansion coefficientβand the viscosityμof the simulated system containing nanoparticles are calculated and found to be in close alignment with the previous simulation results.The single-particle hydrodynamics in e DPD enables simulations of nanofluid natural convection with higher Rayleigh numbers and greater nanoparticle volume fractions.Additionally,this approach is utilized to simulate the nanoparticle distribution during the enhanced heat transfer process in the nanofluid natural convection.The localized aggregation of nanoparticles enhances the heat transfer performance of the nanofluid under specific Rayleigh numbers and nanoparticles volume fractions.

Influence of weight management on the prognosis of steatohepatitis in chronic hepatitis B patients during antiviral treatment

Background:Although concomitant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is common in chronic hepatitis B(CHB),the impact of viral factors on NASH and the outcome of CHB patients concomitant with NASH remain unclear.We aimed to investigate the outcomes of NASH in CHB patients receiving antiviral treatment.Methods:In the post-hoc analysis of a multicenter trial,na?ve CHB patients receiving 72-week entecavir treatment were enrolled.We evaluated the biochemical,viral and histopathological responses of these patients.The histopathological features of NASH were also evaluated,using paired liver biopsies at baseline and week 72.Results:A total of 1000 CHB patients were finally enrolled for analysis,with 18.2%of whom fulfilling the criteria of NASH.A total of 727 patients completed entecavir antiviral treatment and received the second biopsy.Serum HBe Ag loss,HBe Ag seroconversion and HBV-DNA undetectable rates were similar between patients with or without NASH(P>0.05).Among patients with NASH,the hepatic steatosis,ballooning,lobular inflammation scores and fibrosis stages all improved during follow-up(all P<0.001),46%(63/136)achieved NASH resolution.Patients with baseline body mass index(BMI)≥23 kg/m2(Asian criteria)[odds ratio(OR):0.414;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.190-0.899;P=0.012]and weight gain(OR:0.187;95%CI:0.050-0.693;P=0.026)were less likely to have NASH resolution.Among patients without NASH at baseline,22(3.7%)developed NASH.Baseline BMI≥23 kg/m2(OR:12.506;95%CI:2.813-55.606;P=0.001)and weight gain(OR:5.126;95%CI:1.674-15.694;P=0.005)were predictors of incident NASH.Conclusions:Lower BMI and weight reduction but not virologic factors determine NASH resolution in CHB.The value of weight management in CHB patients during antiviral treatment deserves further evaluation.

Monitoring the in vivo siRNA release from lipid nanoparticles based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer principle

The siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles have attracted much attention due to its significant gene silencing effect and successful marketization.However,the in vivo distribution and release of siRNA still cannot be effectively monitored.In this study,based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)principle,a fluorescence dye Cy5-modified survivin siRNA was conjugated to nanogolds(Au-DR-siRNA),which were then wrapped with lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)for monitoring the release behaviour of siRNA in vivo.The results showed that once Au-DR-siRNA was released from the LNPs and cleaved by the Dicer enzyme to produce free siRNA in cells,the fluorescence of Cy5 would change from quenched state to activated state,showing the location and time of siRNA release.Besides,the LNPs showed a significant antitumor effect by silencing the survivin gene and a CT imaging function superior to iohexol by nanogolds.Therefore,this work provided not only an effective method for monitoring the pharmacokinetic behaviour of LNP-based siRNA,but also a siRNA delivery system for treating and diagnosing tumors.

资源型城市转型背景下土地利用结构的模拟与预测

[目的]资源型城市作为国家资源能源安全的重要保障城市,其转型发展方式更应向高质量方向推进。研究资源型城市转型背景下土地利用结构的变化并进行预测模拟,为新时期资源型城市国土空间优化提供新思路。[方法]基于资源型城市转型发展的概念及内涵,分析经济、社会、人口、科技、资源环境5个维度的系统性影响,并与空间布局相关联,构建系统动力学模型,以安徽省铜陵市2005—2020年的历史数据为参照,将2021—2035年的数据设置仿真情境,进行土地利用结构的多情境趋势性预测分析。[结果](1)铜陵市土地利用和经济发展现状奠定了发展的基础,可以此为依据进行转型条件设置和土地利用结构变化的合理预测。(2)资源型城市转型发展作为一个系统性概念,形成“系统—指标—要素”的层级框架,不仅相互关联,密不可分,还传导作用于不同的地类,影响土地利用系统。(3)铜陵市2021—2035年地类的情境趋势发展差异较为相似,即耕地、林地、水域、草地和未利用地的减少幅度自经济发展、社会进步、综合发展而递减,在资源保护情境下面积均有小幅度提升。建设用地则相反,增加幅度随经济发展、社会进步、综合发展而递减,在资环保护情境下扩张速度得到一定程度的控制。[结论]资源型城市的新时期转型,不仅要将内在要素融合成系统性概念,还要提升土地利用系统的关注度,重视结构合理性和发展协调性。

基于恒定应力加速寿命试验的SF_(6)气体密度表可靠性研究

SF_(6)气体密度表作为电网体系中一次设备的重要监测设备,其可靠性关乎变电设备的安全运行。为了确保SF_(6)气体密度表的可靠运行,有必要对其可靠性和寿命进行评估,而恒定应力加速寿命试验方法是结构复杂机械产品可靠性评估的有效方法之一。文章分析了SF_(6)气体密度表的加速应力和正常应力水平,确定了多应力加速寿命试验方案,利用Weibull寿命-应力模型综合估计了SF_(6)气体密度表的中位寿命、特征寿命、可靠寿命、平均寿命及相应的失效率,得到了其正常应力下可靠度曲线,为SF_(6)气体密度表生产制造和使用维护提供了理论依据和数据参考。

富马酸丙酚替诺福韦和替诺福韦酯治疗慢性乙型肝炎初治患者的临床效果及应答不佳的处理方案探讨

目的探讨富马酸丙酚替诺福韦(TAF)和替诺福韦酯(TDF)对初次治疗慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者的效果及应答不佳的处理方案。方法回顾性收集163例2018年1月至2022年6月广西医科大学第一附属医院感染性疾病科CHB患者的临床资料,根据服用药物不同分为TDF组(85例)和TAF组(78例)。采用Logistic回归方法分析影响乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA应答的因素,并对基线HBV DNA、基线丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、药物、性别、基线乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)进行分层分析。分析治疗48周未获得完全病毒学应答(HBV DNA<20 kIU/L)的CHB患者结局。结果多因素Logistic回归分析表明性别、基线ALT、基线HBV DNA、基线HBeAg是患者获得完全病毒学应答的影响因素,其中女性、基线ALT异常、基线HBV DNA载量低、基线HBeAg阴性患者更容易获得完全病毒学应答(均P<0.05)。治疗48周72.4%(118/163)的患者获得完全病毒学应答,TAF组完全病毒学应答率高于TDF组(P<0.05),基线HBV DNA≤2×10^(5)kIU/L组完全病毒学应答率高于基线HBV DNA>2×10^(5)kIU/L组(P<0.001)。在治疗48周未获得完全病毒学应答的患者中,继续按原方案治疗48周者,78.6%(11/14)获得完全病毒学应答;转换或加用另一种核苷(酸)类抗病毒药治疗48周者,81.0%(17/21)获得完全病毒学应答。结论TDF和TAF均能有效抑制HBV DNA复制,且TAF疗效不劣于TDF;患者HBV DNA水平是发生完全病毒学应答的重要影响因素。对于治疗48周发生应答不佳的患者应及时换药或在联合用药基础上增加剂量,促进患者获得完全病毒学应答及减少耐药的发生。

人工智能时代政治传播的理论创新

人工智能技术蕴藏着改变政治传播生态的巨大潜能。基于政治传播的四个主体(政府、媒体、平台、公众)和三种形态(宣传、沟通、营销),人工智能时代的政治传播实践和研究有了一些新进展。要推进政治传播的理论创新,未来需要从实证主义范式关注个体视角的人机互动和社会视角的数字不平等,从人文主义范式对人和技术的主体性进行文化研究,以及对人工智能时代的社会制度变迁和人类文明发展进行政治经济学反思。

油棕果实发育和采后脂肪酸合成转录代谢差异分析

油棕(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)是世界上生产效率最高的产油植物,果实发育是形成产量的基础,但采收24 h后会出现酸败现象,严重影响棕榈油品质,目前对果肉发育和采后的游离脂肪酸代谢物合成差异的关键调控基因及途径尚未明确。本研究以油棕果实为实验材料,果实取自授粉后95 d(MS1)﹑125 d(MS2)、185 d(MS3)、采收后24 h(MS4)、采收后36h(MS5)5个时期。采用第二代高通量转录组学技术(RNA-Seq)和液相色谱串联质谱代谢组学技术(LC-MS/MS),对其发育和采后的果实进行转录组和代谢组测定与分析。结果表明:无籽种油棕在脂肪酸积累中后期不饱和脂肪酸显著高于饱和脂肪酸,在油棕果实发育过程中,LACS4、LACS4-X1、FATA、FATB、KASⅠ、KASⅡ、SAD1在果肉中高表达且与果肉中油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、亚麻酸呈正相关关系,DGAT、PDAT在果肉中高表达且与上述6种脂肪酸含量呈负相关关系,说明上述酶基因的表达可能对油棕果实脂肪酸的合成和累积分别具有促进和抑制作用,推测LACS4、LACS4-X1、FATA、FATB、KASⅠ、KASⅡ、SAD1可能是不饱和脂肪酸含量较高的关键基因;在果实采后贮藏过程中,GDSL2、GDSL7、SAD2、LACS9酶基因和GDSL1、KAT分别与油酸呈极显著正、负相关关系,与棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸呈负、正相关,推测在酸败过程GDSL2、GDSL7、SAD2、LACS9酶基因可能促进油酸生成,抑制棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸合成,GDSL1、KAT酶基因反之,推测GDSL2、GDSL7、SAD2、LACS9可能是导致油棕采后酸败的关键基因。本研究结果旨在利用分子生物技术提升高不饱和脂肪酸含量和改变脂肪酸组成提供备选基因,为筛选高不饱和脂肪酸和耐贮藏的品种提供理论参考。

NICU临终新生儿父母决策参与体验质性研究的Meta整合

目的系统评价NICU临终新生儿父母决策参与体验的质性研究。方法检索数据库PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、Sinomed、中国知网、万方和维普数据库关于NICU临终新生儿父母决策参与体验的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2023年8月。文献质量评价采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所质性研究质量评价标准,采用汇集性Meta整合方法对文献进行归纳。结果共纳入13篇文献,提炼出33个结果,归纳为12个新类别,合成4个整合结果:临终新生儿父母决策参与倾向、临终新生儿父母决策角色体验、临终新生儿父母决策中的障碍、临终新生儿父母决策中的需求。结论NICU临终新生儿父母面临艰难的决策选择,医护人员需与父母共同确定其在决策中的理想角色,制定个性化的沟通内容,社会、医院以及家庭需创造支持性的社会心理环境,给予父母信息及情感支持,提高临终新生儿父母在决策中的应对力。

Targeted knockdown of PGAM5 in synovial macrophages efficiently alleviates osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a common degenerative disease worldwide and new therapeutics that target inflammation and the crosstalk between immunocytes and chondrocytes are being developed to prevent and treat OA.These attempts involve repolarizing pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages into the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in synovium.In this study,we found that phosphoglycerate mutase 5(PGAM5)significantly increased in macrophages in OA synovium compared to controls based on histology of human samples and single-cell RNA sequencing results of mice models.To address the role of PGAM5 in macrophages in OA,we found conditional knockout of PGAM5 in macrophages greatly alleviated OA symptoms and promoted anabolic metabolism of chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo.Mechanistically,we found that PGAM5 enhanced M1 polarization via AKT-mTOR/p38/ERK pathways,whereas inhibited M2 polarization via STAT6-PPARγpathway in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages.Furthermore,we found that PGAM5 directly dephosphorylated Dishevelled Segment Polarity Protein 2(DVL2)which resulted in the inhibition ofβ-catenin and repolarization of M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages.Conditional knockout of both PGAM5 andβ-catenin in macrophages significantly exacerbated osteoarthritis compared to PGAM5-deficient mice.Motivated by these findings,we successfully designed mannose modified fluoropolymers combined with siPGAM5 to inhibit PGAM5 specifically in synovial macrophages via intra-articular injection,which possessed desired targeting abilities of synovial macrophages and greatly attenuated murine osteoarthritis.Collectively,these findings defined a key role for PGAM5 in orchestrating macrophage polarization and provides insights into novel macrophage-targeted strategy for treating OA.

基于风险管理的精准护理模式在新生儿连续性肾脏替代治疗中的应用

目的探讨基于风险管理的精准护理模式在新生儿连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)中的应用效果。方法选取重庆医科大学附属儿童医院行CRRT的60例患儿为研究对象。根据入院时间将其分为对照组和试验组,对照组采用常规护理模式,试验组采用基于风险管理的精准护理模式。比较两组患儿CRRT时间、机器报警频次、相关并发症发生率、非计划性下机及非计划性拔管发生率。结果试验组肾功能肌酐和尿素氮指标、CRRT相关并发症发生率、非计划性下机及非计划性拔管发生率均低于对照组,CRRT时间长于对照组,报警频次少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在新生儿CRRT中,采用基于风险管理的精准护理模式效果比较理想,可有效减少并发症的发生,降低非计划性下机和非计划性拔管发生率,提升新生儿CRRT临床护理质量。

基于电导增量法的光伏发电MPPT控制研究

对光电池数学模型进行了研究,详细分析了光电池阵列的I-U、P-U特性,并以此为基础对基于电导增量法的光伏发电MPPT控制进行了研究;结合算法的原理,提出了电导增量法的实现流程。在MATLAB/Simulink构建了完整光伏阵列并网发电仿真电路,对算法流程进行了验证。经检验,所提出算法流程可以快速、有效追踪到并稳定工作在最大功率点,符合工程应用的要求。

Tuning the product selectivity of dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation over WO_(x) modified Cu/SiO_(2) catalysts

Product selectivity and reaction pathway are highly dependent on surface structure of heterogeneous catalysts.For vapor-phase hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate(DMO),"EG route"(DMO→methyl glycolate(MG)ethylene glycol(EG)→ethanol(ET))and"MA route"(DMO→MG→methyl acetate(MA))were proposed over traditional Cu based catalysts and Mo-based or Fe-based catalysts,respectively.Herein,tunable yield of ET(93.7%)and MA(72.1%)were obtained through different reaction routes over WO_(x) modified Cu/SiO_(2) catalysts,and the corresponding reaction route was further proved by kinetic study and in-situ DRIFTS technology.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that H_(2) activation ability,acid density and Cu-WO_(x) interaction on the catalysts were tuned by regulating the surface W density,which resulted in the different reaction pathway and product selectivity.What's more,high yield of MA produced from DMO hydrogenation was firstly reported with the H_(2) pressure as low as 0.5 MPa.

空间耦合量子LDPC码的双窗口滑动译码

量子纠错码是应对量子计算过程中不可避免的噪声干扰的关键途径。和其经典情形一样,空间耦合量子LDPC码理论上也可在纠错性能和译码时延间取得良好的均衡。考虑到目前采用常规置信传播算法(BPA)的空间耦合量子LDPC(SC-QLDPC)码在译码过程中仍存在复杂度高和译码时延长的问题,受经典滑窗译码算法的启发,并结合和利用SC-QLDPC码所对应的两个奇偶校验矩阵在主对角线和副对角线上具有非零对角带的结构特点,提出了针对量子SC-QLDPC码的滑窗译码算法(称为量子双窗口滑动译码算法)。在该策略中,通过窗口在两个经典校验矩阵主副对角线上的同时滑动,保证了相应量子比特部分译码所需的相位与比特翻转错误图样信息的提取,从而使其在译码性能和时延之间取得良好均衡。对所提量子双窗口滑动译码算法进行仿真验证,结果表明其不仅能提供灵活的低时延译码输出,并且当窗口扩大时,其译码性能逼近标准的量子置信传播算法,显著提升了SC-QLDPC码的应用范围。

CES1 is associated with cisplatin resistance and poor prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Background:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a prevalent form of cancer globally,with chemoresistance posing a major challenge in treatment outcomes.The efficacy of the commonly used chemotherapeutic agent,cisplatin,is diminished in patients with poor prognoses.Methods:Various bioinformatics databases were utilized to examine Carboxylesterase 1(CES1)gene expression,clinicopathologic features,patient survival analysis,and gene function.An organoid model of HNSCC was established,along with the induction of drug-resistant HNSCC in the organoid model.CES1 expression was assessed using qRT-PCR and Western Blot,and differential markers were identified through transcriptome sequencing.Knockdown and overexpression models of CES1 were created in SCC-9 and patient-derived organoid(PDO)cells using shRNA and lentivirus to investigate the tumor biology and cisplatin resistance associated with CES1.Results:Research in bioinformatics has uncovered a strong correlation between the expression level of CES1 and the prognosis of HNSCC.The data suggests a significant link between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking.RNA-sequencing revealed a notable increase in CES1 expression in HNSCC-PDOcis-R cells compared to the parental PDO cells.Subsequently,we performed in vitro studies by HNSCC-PDO and SCC-9 and found that CES1-overexpressing cells exhibited reduced sensitivity to cisplatin and stronger tumor malignant biological behavior compared with CES1-knockdown cells.Conclusion:The observed association between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking implies a potential influence of smoking on the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in HNSCC through the regulation of CES1 expression.

FY-4A卫星地表太阳辐射产品在河南省适用性评估与订正方法研究

以河南省26个地面辐射站观测的地面总辐照度逐小时数据为基准,对FY-4A反演的总辐照度产品在河南省的适用性进行验证分析,并采用概率密度函数方法,对FY-4A总辐照度产品的系统误差进行订正。结果表明,(1)FY-4A总辐照度整体大于地面观测结果,两者平均误差在豫南偏大、豫北偏小,而且从时间演变看,两者相对误差在冬半年偏小,夏半年偏大,这与云量、大气相对湿度等气象要素以及不同下垫面对FY-4A反演总辐照度的影响有关;(2)FY-4A卫星与地面观测的总辐射辐照度平均误差随不同辐照度等级而变化,整体呈现出一种非独立系统误差的特性,即对于低辐照度有所高估,而对于高辐照度则相对低估;(3)概率密度函数方法对FY-4A总辐照度具有较好的订正能力,在夏季以年为单位建立订正模型进行误差订正效果更好,在秋冬季以季节为时间尺度建立订正模型效果更好。

Vein visualization enhancement by dual-wavelength phase-locked denoising technology

Visual near-infrared imaging equipment has broad applications in various fields such as venipuncture,facial injections,and safety verification due to its noncontact,compact,and portable design.Currently,most studies utilize near-infrared single-wavelength for image acquisition of veins.However,many substances in the skin,including water,protein,and melanin can create significant background noise,which hinders accurate detection.In this paper,we developed a dual-wavelength imaging system with phase-locked denoising technology to acquire vein image.The signals in the effective region are compared by using the absorption valley and peak of hemoglobin at 700nm and 940nm,respectively.The phase-locked denoising algorithm is applied to decrease the noise and interference of complex surroundings from the images.The imaging results of the vein are successfully extracted in complex noise environment.It is demonstrated that the denoising effect on hand veins imaging can be improved with 57.3%by using our dual-wavelength phase-locked denoising technology.Consequently,this work proposes a novel approach for venous imaging with dual-wavelengths and phase-locked denoising algorithm to extract venous imaging results in complex noisy environment better.

Research trends in exercise therapy for the treatment of pain in postmenopausal osteoporosis over the past decade:A bibliometric analysis

BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)is the most common form of primary osteoporosis among women,and the associated pain often drives patients to seek clinical intervention.Numerous studies have highlighted the unique clinical benefits of exercise therapy(ET)in alleviating PMOP-related pain.However,bibliometric analyses examining collaboration,development trends,and research frontiers in the field of ET for PMOP pain remain scarce.AIM To explore the research trends in ET for pain treatment in PMOP patients over the past decade.METHODS All scholarly works were meticulously sourced from the Science Citation Index-Expanded within the prominent Web of Science Core Collection.Utilizing the capabilities of CiteSpace 6.2.R5,we conducted a thorough analysis of publications,authors,frequently cited scholars,contributing nations,institutions,journals of significant citation,comprehensive references,and pivotal keywords.Additionally,our examination explored keyword cooccurrences,detailed timelines,and periods of heightened citation activity.This comprehensive search,from 2014 through 2023,was completed within a single day,on October 11,2023.RESULTS In total,2914 articles were ultimately included in the analysis.There was a rapid increase in annual publication output in 2015,followed by stable growth in subsequent years.Boninger,Michael L,is the most prolific author,whereas Ware JE has the most citations.The United States’global influence is significant,surpassing all other nations.The University of California System and Harvard University are the most influential academic institutions.J Bone Joint Surg Am is the most influential journal in this field.“Spinal cord injury”is the keyword that has garnered the most attention from researchers.The developmental pattern in this field is characterized by interdisciplinary fusion,with different disciplines converging to drive progress.CONCLUSION The academic development of the field of ET for pain in PMOP has matured and stabilized.Clinical management and rehabilitation strategies,along with the mechanisms underlying the relationship between ET and bone resorption analgesia,continue to be the current and future focal points of research in this field.

1981-2020年河南省近地面风速时空分布特征

利用1981-2020年河南省日平均10 m风速观测资料,对河南省风速的时空分布特征进行了分析评估。结果表明,河南省风速的气候态具有明显的季节循环特征,在冬、春季节地表风速较大,夏、秋季节风速较小,并且呈现出东强西弱的空间分布特征。在年循环中2月到3月风速增幅最大,其余月份间的风速演变较为平缓。在风速变化趋势方面,空间分布主要表现为西升东降的特征,豫西从过去风速最弱的地区一跃成为近10年风速最大的地区,这也与其他地区风速整体变弱有关。风速EOF的第二模态表明,河南省风速同时也具有一定的年代际变化特征。此外,风速2-9年的年际变率弱于年代际的,即风速的短期变化具有平稳性;但在气候变化的大背景下,出现了系统性的变化趋势,且具有明显的区域性差异。