原发性骨质疏松症(primary osteoporosis,POP)是一种以骨代谢改变、骨量降低、骨折风险增加为主要表现的常见慢性骨骼疾病。随着人口老龄化进程加快,亟须更为简便廉验的综合干预方案防治POP。中医药治疗POP具有独特优势,其中补肾填精、...原发性骨质疏松症(primary osteoporosis,POP)是一种以骨代谢改变、骨量降低、骨折风险增加为主要表现的常见慢性骨骼疾病。随着人口老龄化进程加快,亟须更为简便廉验的综合干预方案防治POP。中医药治疗POP具有独特优势,其中补肾填精、益气健脾、活血祛瘀类中药的配伍是POP中医临证常用思路。本文基于中国知网、万方、Web of Science等数据库总结归纳补肾健脾活血类方药治疗POP的临床和基础研究证据。提示补肾健脾活血类方药在提高患者骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、缓解疼痛、改善骨代谢标志物如血清碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、血清钙、白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6等方面收效显著。补肾健脾活血方药的作用机制是通过骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)/核因子(nuclear factor,NF)κB受体激活因子/核因子κB受体激活因子配体(receptor activator for NF-κB ligand,RANKL)、Wnt/β-连环蛋白(Wnt/β-catenin)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)与骨形成蛋白(bone morphogenic protein,BMP)-Smad等信号通路影响骨稳态进而治疗POP。补肾健脾活血类方药防治POP的临床疗效已经被证实,未来需要深化补肾健脾活血类方药“有效成分-单药-复方-作用机制-疾病靶点”的有机串联,深入挖掘其防治POP的科学内涵。展开更多
背景确立手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种,将对推动手法技术和骨伤科优势专科的发展起到促进作用,但目前其评价和筛选尚缺乏基于循证医学证据的量化评价过程。目的应用证据图方法,系统梳理手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,探索...背景确立手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种,将对推动手法技术和骨伤科优势专科的发展起到促进作用,但目前其评价和筛选尚缺乏基于循证医学证据的量化评价过程。目的应用证据图方法,系统梳理手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,探索手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种。方法计算机检索Pub Med、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、维普网和万方数据知识服务平台,搜集手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,检索时限均为建库至2023-03-05,运用图表结合文字的方式呈现证据分布特点。结果纳入的126篇系统评价发表年限为2003—2023年,国内外相关研究数量总体呈增长趋势。方法学质量评价结果显示13篇为中等质量、64篇为低质量、49篇为极低质量。证据图显示,手法治疗中医骨伤科领域研究证据主要分布于18个临床病种包括颈椎病、腰痛、膝关节炎、腰椎间盘突出症、踝关节扭伤、肩周炎、颈源性头痛、寰枢关节半脱位、桡骨远端骨折、肱骨外上髁炎、腕管综合征、腰扭伤、脊柱侧弯、髋关节炎、纤维肌痛综合征、肌筋膜疼痛综合征、肩袖损伤、肱骨髁上骨折,呈现出有益或可能有益的效应。结论手法治疗在中医骨伤科的临床应用广泛,但由于方法学质量存在不足,并且缺乏安全性和经济性的研究证据,未来仍需多层级机构间联动合作,建立健全评价标准和体系,提高研究质量,更新研究证据,进一步探索手法在中医骨伤科领域中的优势所在。展开更多
Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical performance.In this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of h...Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical performance.In this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel cell-device.Semiconductor(n-type;SnO_(2))plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3-δ)(SFT)semiconductor perovskite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic conductivity.Therefore,two different composites of SFT and SnO_(2)are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO_(2),where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO_(2)(6∶4)heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achieved excellent ionic conductivity 0.24 S cm^(-1)with power-output of 1004 mW cm^(-2)and high OCV 1.12 V at a low operational temperature of 500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductivity with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO_(2)heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell device.Moreover,the fuel conversion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency reveal the compatibility of SFT-SnO_(2)heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting issue.Further,the first principle calculation provides sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of SFT-SnO_(2).This strategy will provide new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design novel electrolytes.展开更多
文摘原发性骨质疏松症(primary osteoporosis,POP)是一种以骨代谢改变、骨量降低、骨折风险增加为主要表现的常见慢性骨骼疾病。随着人口老龄化进程加快,亟须更为简便廉验的综合干预方案防治POP。中医药治疗POP具有独特优势,其中补肾填精、益气健脾、活血祛瘀类中药的配伍是POP中医临证常用思路。本文基于中国知网、万方、Web of Science等数据库总结归纳补肾健脾活血类方药治疗POP的临床和基础研究证据。提示补肾健脾活血类方药在提高患者骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、缓解疼痛、改善骨代谢标志物如血清碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、血清钙、白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6等方面收效显著。补肾健脾活血方药的作用机制是通过骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)/核因子(nuclear factor,NF)κB受体激活因子/核因子κB受体激活因子配体(receptor activator for NF-κB ligand,RANKL)、Wnt/β-连环蛋白(Wnt/β-catenin)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)与骨形成蛋白(bone morphogenic protein,BMP)-Smad等信号通路影响骨稳态进而治疗POP。补肾健脾活血类方药防治POP的临床疗效已经被证实,未来需要深化补肾健脾活血类方药“有效成分-单药-复方-作用机制-疾病靶点”的有机串联,深入挖掘其防治POP的科学内涵。
文摘背景确立手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种,将对推动手法技术和骨伤科优势专科的发展起到促进作用,但目前其评价和筛选尚缺乏基于循证医学证据的量化评价过程。目的应用证据图方法,系统梳理手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,探索手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种。方法计算机检索Pub Med、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、维普网和万方数据知识服务平台,搜集手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,检索时限均为建库至2023-03-05,运用图表结合文字的方式呈现证据分布特点。结果纳入的126篇系统评价发表年限为2003—2023年,国内外相关研究数量总体呈增长趋势。方法学质量评价结果显示13篇为中等质量、64篇为低质量、49篇为极低质量。证据图显示,手法治疗中医骨伤科领域研究证据主要分布于18个临床病种包括颈椎病、腰痛、膝关节炎、腰椎间盘突出症、踝关节扭伤、肩周炎、颈源性头痛、寰枢关节半脱位、桡骨远端骨折、肱骨外上髁炎、腕管综合征、腰扭伤、脊柱侧弯、髋关节炎、纤维肌痛综合征、肌筋膜疼痛综合征、肩袖损伤、肱骨髁上骨折,呈现出有益或可能有益的效应。结论手法治疗在中医骨伤科的临床应用广泛,但由于方法学质量存在不足,并且缺乏安全性和经济性的研究证据,未来仍需多层级机构间联动合作,建立健全评价标准和体系,提高研究质量,更新研究证据,进一步探索手法在中医骨伤科领域中的优势所在。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32250410309 and 52105582)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2022A1515010894 and 2022B0303040002)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Foundation of Shenzhen(JCYJ20210324095210030 and JCYJ20220818095810023)Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao S&T Program(Category C:SGDX20210823103200004)
文摘Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical performance.In this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel cell-device.Semiconductor(n-type;SnO_(2))plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3-δ)(SFT)semiconductor perovskite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic conductivity.Therefore,two different composites of SFT and SnO_(2)are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO_(2),where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO_(2)(6∶4)heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achieved excellent ionic conductivity 0.24 S cm^(-1)with power-output of 1004 mW cm^(-2)and high OCV 1.12 V at a low operational temperature of 500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductivity with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO_(2)heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell device.Moreover,the fuel conversion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency reveal the compatibility of SFT-SnO_(2)heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting issue.Further,the first principle calculation provides sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of SFT-SnO_(2).This strategy will provide new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design novel electrolytes.
