Atomically Dispersed Fe-Co Bimetallic Catalysts for the Promoted Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide

The electroreduction reaction of CO_(2)(ECO_(2)RR)requires high-performance catalysts to convert CO_(2)into useful chemicals.Transition metal-based atomically dispersed catalysts are promising for the high selectivity and activity in ECO_(2)RR.This work presents a series of atomically dispersed Co,Fe bimetallic catalysts by carbonizing the Fe-introduced Co-zeolitic-imidazolate-framework(C-Fe-Co-ZIF)for the syngas generation from ECO_(2)RR.The synergistic effect of the bimetallic catalyst promotes CO production.Compared to the pure C-Co-ZiF,C-Fe-Co-ZIF facilitates CO production with a CO Faradaic efficiency(FE)boost of 10%,with optimal FE_(CO)of 51.9%,FE_(H_(2))of 42.4%at-0.55 V,and CO current density of 8.0 mA cm^(-2)at-0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).The H_(2)/CO ratio is tunable from 0.8 to 4.2 in a wide potential window of-0.35 to-0.8 V versus RHE.The total FE_(CO+H_(2))maintains as high as 93%over 10 h.The proper adding amount of Fe could increase the number of active sites and create mild distortions for the nanoscopic environments of Co and Fe,which is essential for the enhancement of the CO production in ECO_(2)RR.The positive impacts of Cu-Co and Ni-Co bimetallic catalysts demonstrate the versatility and potential application of the bimetallic strategy for ECO_(2)RR.

多目标水平井轨道设计方法研究

多目标水平井通过设计多个控制点或目标段,使井眼轨道最大限度地在油层中延伸,以此来提高储层钻遇率和单井产量。随着地质导向技术的快速发展,使得多目标水平井在小油层、断块油层、薄油层以及剩余油开采等方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而,其设计目标不再是一简单的水平段,而是由多个控制目标构成,因此,加大了轨道设计的约束和难度。基于空间圆弧轨道理论,建立了多目标水平井轨道设计一般数学模型。利用矢量分析理论求得了设计变量的解析表达式,并开发了专用轨道设计软件,能够在多约束条件下快速、准确地设计出合理的井眼轨道。

Competition between anthocyanin and kaempferol glycosides biosynthesis affects pollen tube growth and seed set of Malus

Flavonoids play important roles in regulating plant growth and development.In this study,three kaempferol 3-O-glycosides were identi fi ed and mainly accumulated in fl owers but not in leaves or fruits of Malus.In Malus,fl ower petal color is normally white,but some genotypes have red fl owers containing anthocyanin.Anthocyanin biosynthesis appears to be in competition with kaempferol 3-O-glycosides production and controlled by the biosynthetic genes.The white fl ower Malus genotypes had better-developed seeds than the red fl ower genotypes.In fl owers,the overexpression of MYB10 in Malus domestica enhanced the accumulation of anthocyanin,but decreased that of kaempferol 3-O-glycosides.After pollination the transgenic plants showed slower pollen tube growth and fewer developed seeds.Exogenous application ofdifferent fl avonoid compounds suggested that kaempferol 3-O-glycosides,especially kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside,regulated pollen tube growth and seed set rather than cyanidin or quercetin 3-O-glycosides.It was found that kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside might regulate pollen tube growth through effects on auxin,the Rho of plants(ROP)GTPases,calcium and the phosphoinositides signaling pathway.With the inhibition of auxin transport,the transcription levels of Heat Shock Proteins(HSPs)and ROP GTPases were downregulated while the levels were not changed or even enhanced when blocking calcium signaling,suggesting that HSPs and ROP GTPases were downstream of auxin signaling,but upstream of calcium signaling.In summary,kaempferol glycoside concentrations in pistils correlated with auxin transport,the transcription of HSPs and ROP GTPases,and calcium signaling in pollen tubes,culminating in changes to pollen tube growth and seed set.

Study on the Problems in the Employee Training of SME and the Countermeasures

Employee training has become one of the important means used by the enterprises to train quality employees and build the core competitiveness, and it plays a direct effect on the quality and work performance of the employees and subsequently on the overall competitiveness of the enterprises. Therefore, the quality of the training itself is very important for enterprise development, while there are a series of problems in the employee training and development of the small and medium-sized enterprises （SME）. In this paper, the problems in the employee training of SME are analyzed, and accordingly some countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problems are proposed.

Research on the Supply-Side Reform Promotes Economic Growth Model in Xi’an

Xi’an is situated at west China, the industrial structure the restriction function which grows to the economy is not balanced more obvious, uni？ es the Xi’an actual situation, speeds up the supplies side constitutive property reform, the promotion industrial structure optimized promotion appears especially importantly. Firstly, this paper analyzes the present situation and development trend of supply-side reform at home and abroad. Based on the situation of Xi’an, the author analyzes ？ ve production-side reforms, such as “de-production,” “de-stocking,” “deleveraging”, “cost reduction” The author puts forward the main problems of Xi’an’s supply-side reform to promote economic growth. Finally, it puts forward the path choice of supply-side reform to promote economic growth in Xi’an. Adhere to reform and expand and demand side, supply side in xian accurate docking, supply and demand in xi ‘an supply side reform should constantly improve production quality, give full play to the market on the supply side of the reform main body role and foster the subject of the new.

＂Spiritual Adult＂ and Innovation of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities

Whether college students can grow up to be ＂spiritual adults＇is directly related to their healthy growth. The implementation of ＂spiritual adult＂ education in the ideological and political education in colleges and universities should give play to university spirits＇osmosis in college students＇ spiritual cultivation, to the impact of classroom teaching on the improvement of college students＇ humanistic quality, to the impact of social practice on college students＇ self-development and self-discipline, to the university counselors＇role of teaching students how to be mature and useful, and to campus culture＇s deifying influence on cultivation of the students＇ virtues.

Importance of sustainable development of Ecological agriculture regional economic

China kept sustained and rapid economic growth in 30 years, at the same time, bringing a high consumption of resources and greatly damaged ecological environment, so that the resource application and ecological environment which support China ＇ s economic growth are deteriorating, the situation in the vast western region is particularly prominent. Therefore, you must carefully study the new sustainable development model of economic theory under the guidance of scientific concept of development, from the strategic height of a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development and the characterized situation of China＇ s regional economic reality.

Analysis on the types of chemokines expressed by the murine thymic epithelial cell line MTEC1

Six kinds of chemokines including SDF-1α, IP-10, KG, RANTES, MCP-1 and Lymphotactin have been amplified using the primers designed by ourselves with RT-PCR from the total RNA of a medullary-type murine thymic epithelial cell line MTEC1 cells. The amplified cDNA fragments of the chemokines have been identified by nucleotide sequencing and Northern blot analysis. The results demonstrate that there are two different splicing forms of SDF-1 mRNA existing in MTEC1. The concentrated culture supernatant of MTEC1 shows an intermediate level of chemotaxis to CD4-CD8- thymocytes, which conforms to the biological function of SDF-1.

信息通讯技术对于政府转型和公民信任的作用研究

本文基于退出—呼吁(exit-voice theory)理论建立起经实证检验的概念模型,研究信息通讯技术推动的政府转型对公民信任所产生的影响。本文界定并阐释了影响政府转型对公民信任发挥作用的关键要素,诸如政府绩效和透明度。巴林是海湾合作委员会地区(the Gulf Cooperation Council region)采用信息与通讯技术最高的国家,基于来自该国的313份调查回复,我们检验了政府转型与公民信任之间的中介变量——政府绩效和透明度。本文所形成的初步见解在信息通讯技术推动的政府转型背景下公民信任的测量与展示方面具有丰富的政策意涵。同时也拓展了我们对于信息通讯技术推动的政府转型是如何改善政府与公民关系以及数字服务运用等方面的理解。

Effects of phosphate on the transport of graphene oxide nanoparticles in saturated clean and iron oxide-coated sand columns

In this study, transport behaviors of graphene oxide(GO) in saturated uncoated(i.e., clean sand) and goethite-coated sand porous media were examined as a function of the phosphate. We found that phosphate enhanced the transport of GO over a wide range of solution chemistry(i.e., pH 5.0–9.0 and the presence of 10 mmol/L Na^(+) or 0.5 mmol/L Ca^(2+)). The results were mainly ascribed to the increase of electrostatic repulsion between nanoparticles and porous media. Meanwhile, deposition site competition induced by the retained phosphate was another important mechanism leading to promote GO transport. Interestingly, when the phosphate concentration increased from 0.1 to 1.0 mmol/L, the transportenhancement effect of phosphate in goethite-coated sand was to a much larger extent than that in clean sand. The observations were primarily related to the difference in the total mass of retained phosphate between the iron oxide-coated sand and clean sand columns, which resulted in different degrees of the electrostatic repulsion and competitive effect of phosphate. When the background solution contained 0.5 mmol/L Ca^(2+), phosphate could be bind to sand/goethite-coated sand surface by cation bridging;and consequently, promoted competition between phosphate and nanoparticles for deposition sites, which was an important mechanism for the enhanced effect of phosphate. Moreover, the DLVO theory was applicable to describe GO transport behaviors in porous media in the absence or presence of phosphate. Taken together, these findings highlight the important status and role of phosphate on the transport and fate of colloidal graphene oxide in the subsurface environment.

Synthesis of graphene quantum dots for their supramolecular polymorphic architectures

How to regulate the supramolecular structures in the assembly of graphene quantum dots(GQDs)is still a great challenge to be overcome.Herein,the GQDs of 1-3 layers with high quality are synthesized from the new precursor m-trihydroxybenzene in a green method.More importantly,a strategy for designing the supramolecular structures of GQDs is demonstrated,and the novel supramolecular morphologies of GQDs have been constructed for the first time.Moreover,the supramolecular morphologies of GQDs can be well controlled by regulating the preparation conditions,and the formation mechanism of the branch-like supramolecular structure has been explained by the the diffusion-limited aggregation(DLA)model.This work not only develops a new precoursor to synthesize GQDs,but also opens up an effective route toform the polymorphic supermolecules,thus greatly facilitating their potential applications.

First Total Synthesis of （±）-Latifolin and Its Antioxidant Mechanism

The first total synthesis of （±）-latifolin has been accomplished in six steps and 47.8% overall yield. To understand the relative importance of phenolic O-H and benzhydryl C-H hydrogen on the antioxidant activity of latifolin, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging assay and density functional theory （DFT） studies were carried out. On scavenging DPPH radical in ethanol, the activity of latifolin （1） bearing phenolic hydrogen is remarkably higher than analogue 10 bearing no phenolic hydrogen. Therefore, Phenolic hydrogen is responsible for latifolin＇s antioxidant activity rather than benzhydryl C-H hydrogen. Furthermore, the 5-OH BDE is lower than 2＇-OH and 7-CH BDEs by a DFT calculation, respectively. Based on theoretical results it is definitely concluded that the phenolic 5-OH plays a major role in the antioxidant activity of latifolin.

A Penalty Optimization Algorithm for Eigenmode Optimization Problem Using Sensitivity Analysis

This paper investigates the eigenmode optimization problem governed by the scalar Helmholtz equation in continuum system in which the computed eigenmode approaches the prescribed eigenmode in the whole domain.The first variation for the eigenmode optimization problem is evaluated by the quadratic penalty method,the adjoint variable method,and the formula based on sensitivity analysis.A penalty optimization algorithm is proposed,in which the density evolution is accomplished by introducing an artificial time term and solving an additional ordinary differential equation.The validity of the presented algorithm is confirmed by numerical results of the first and second eigenmode optimizations in 1D and 2D problems.