A nomogram to predict adjuvant chemotherapy recommendation in breast cancer patients with intermediate recurrence score

Objective： The indication of adjuvant chemotherapy recommendation（ACR） in breast cancer patients with intermediate recurrence score（RS） is controversial. This study investigated the relationship between routine clinicopathological indicators and ACR, and established a nomogram for predicting the probability of ACR in this subset of patients.Methods： Data for a total of 504 consecutive patients with intermediate RS from January 2014 to December2016 were retrospectively reviewed. A nomogram was constructed using a multivariate logistic regression model based on data from a training set（378 cases） and validated in an independent validation set（126 cases）. A Youdenderived cut-off value was assigned to the nomogram for accuracy evaluation.Results： The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that age, histological grade, tumor size, lymph node（LN） status, molecular subtype, and RS were independent predictors of ACR. A nomogram based on these predictors performed well. The P value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the prediction model was 0.286. The area under the curve（AUC） values were 0.905 [95% confidence interval（95% CI）： 0.876–0.934] and 0.883（95%CI： 0.824–0.942） in the training and validation sets, respectively. The accuracies of the nomogram for ACR were84.4% in the training set and 82.1% in the validation set.Conclusions： We developed a nomogram to predict the probability of ACR in breast cancer patients with intermediate RS. This model may aid the individual risk assessment and guide treatment decisions in clinical practice.

基于胶体量子点自组装的柔性衬底激光器

凭借着波长可调、窄的光谱线宽以及高的光强,胶体量子点激光器在柔性光电器件中具有广阔的应用前景.然而,柔性衬底量子点激光器的制备面临很大挑战,这主要是由于基于微纳加工工艺的光学谐振腔通常只能在刚性衬底中加工。本文提出了一种简单的液相自组装方法来制备柔性衬底胶体量子点超颗粒激光器.由于没有添加表面活性剂,该量子点超颗粒具有光滑的球型表面,能够作为高质量的回音壁模式谐振腔提供光反馈.在飞秒脉冲激光的激发下,该量子点激光器的激光阈值低至54μJ/cm^(2).而且,该激光谐振腔的品质因子(Q=963)是采用表面活性剂组装的量子点激光器的两倍.此外,作为不依赖衬,底的发光光源,该量子点激光器能够很方便地沉积在柔性衬底中,如纸或者布等,并实现激光.而且,量子点激光器具有非常高的激光稳定性:在被高能量飞秒脉冲光连续激发400分钟之后,该量子点激光器的激光强度依然能够保持在初始值的85.7%.作为一种具有高强度、能够沉积在柔性衬底中且性能稳定的激光光源,胶体量子点超颗粒激光器在可穿戴设备和医疗诊断中具有潜在的应用前景.

The New Clinical Skills Training Module for the Master's Degree in Ophthalmology

This article aims at the principle problems noticed in the process of training postgraduates in ophthalmology for clinical skills (POCs). Alteration of the training objectives and training curricula,.as well as the clinical department training plans,.will allow POCs to obtain a systematic and standardized education to establish their general attitude toward medical life and career plans. This will help to improve their clinical skills and establish professional ethics that will protect the interests of patients and promote the healthy and harmonious development of the Eye Hospital. Furthermore, the Ophthalmology Center could cultivate a number of outstanding postgraduate students that match its tier, to describe the quality of the training for the master's degree in Ophthalmology.

Development of New Green Feed for Large Water Surface Ecological Fishery

In view of the fact that cages and bait are not allowed in large water surface aquiculture,1-2 kinds of new green feeds"plankton+microecologics"were developed to solve the problems of yield reduction,slow growth and difficulty in fishing of aquatic organisms caused by extensive mode.The new green feed is ecological,environmentally friendly and residue-free,which not only supplements nutrition but also meets the requirements of environmental protection.

African Swine Fever Virus Protein E199L Promotes Cell Autophagy through the Interaction of PYCR2

African swine fever virus(ASFV),as a member of the large DNA viruses,may regulate autophagy and apoptosis by inhibiting programmed cell death.However,the function of ASFV proteins has not been fully elucidated,especially the role of autophagy in ASFV infection.One of three Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductases(PYCR),is primarily involved in conversion of glutamate to proline.Previous studies have shown that depletion of PYCR2 was related to the induction of autophagy.In the present study,we found for the first time that ASFV E199 L protein induced a complete autophagy process in Vero and HEK-293 T cells.Through co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry(Co IP-MS)analysis,we firstly identified that E199 L interact with PYCR2 in vitro.Importantly,our work provides evidence that E199 L down-regulated the expression of PYCR2,resulting in autophagy activation.Overall,our results demonstrate that ASFV E199 L protein induces complete autophagy through interaction with PYCR2 and down-regulate the expression level of PYCR2,which provide a valuable reference for the role of autophagy during ASFV infection and contribute to the functional clues of PYCR2.

中医药治疗高血压作用机制的研究进展

高血压是一种以体循环动脉压升高为主要临床表现的疾病,其发病机制复杂。随着近年来中医药事业的发展,中医药治疗高血压不仅能够控制血压,在改善症状、提高患者生活质量等方面也起到良好作用。其作用机制主要有:(1)对肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统(RAAS)的作用:中医药主要通过抑制肾素的作用、抑制血管紧张素转换酶的活性、拮抗血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)受体3个关键点,下调心脏糜蛋白酶信号通路,下调AngⅡ1型受体(AT1R)的mRNA表达而控制血压水平;(2)抑制血管运动中枢和抑制交感神经或阻断神经节的作用,从而抑制交感神经活动;(3)内皮功能障碍是高血压发生发展的重要原因之一,保护血管内皮是防治高血压的关键。中医药能够通过磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)/缺氧诱导因子(HIF)信号通路上调内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)的表达,增加Krüppel样因子4(KLF4)磷酸化促进内皮细胞增殖,从而改善血管内皮功能,具有减少血管内皮细胞黏附分子(CD54、CD62P)的表达,抑制白细胞和内皮细胞黏附及抑制血管壁炎症等作用;(4)中医药可以上调PI3Kp85mRNA和胰岛素受体底物1(IRS1)蛋白,从而改善胰岛素抵抗进而稳定血压;(5)中医药干预高血压与细胞膜离子通道的作用主要通过开放ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP)、内向整流钾通道(Kir)和电压门控钾通道(Kv)等诱导血管舒张功能、参与Ca^(2+)/一氧化氮/环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)通路引起血管内皮舒张从而控制血压。

Study on the Measurement of Industrial Structure “Sophistication,Rationalization and Ecologicalization” Based on the Dynamic Analysis of Grey Relations——A Case Study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is one of the regions with the most dynamic economies,highest degrees of openness,strongest innovation capacities and largest populations,as well as an important engine driving China’s economic development.Currently,the development of the BeijingTianjin-Hebei region faces many difficulties,including an inefficient distribution of regional functions,imbalance in industrial structure,low sophistication,and serious overburdening of resources and the environment.Promoting the overall coordinated development of the region has become an urgent challenge.In this paper,according to the conventions of industrial structure optimization,the three core indicators of regional industrial structure rationalization,sophistication and ecologicalization are constructed.With the help of the grey dynamic correlation model,the three indicators are coupled with the economic growth rate,and the industrial structure optimization index of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is comprehensively measured.The study shows that rationalization of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is increasing but that this trend is not obvious;sophistication of the industrial structure is relatively high and has also been operating at a high level;however,the overall ecological level of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is not high and presents the characteristics of high in the middle and low at both ends.In terms of the relationship between industrial structure and economic growth in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,ecologicalization of the industrial structure has the greatest influence on economic growth,followed by sophistication of the industrial structure,and rationalization of the industrial structure has the weakest influence.

Silicon substrate-integrated hollow waveguide for miniaturized optical gas sensing

Gas sensors have a wide variety of applications.Among various existing gas sensing technologies,optical gas sensors have outstanding advantages.The development of the Internet of Things and consumer electronics has put stringent requirements on miniaturized gas sensing technology.Here,we demonstrate a chip-scale silicon substrate-integrated hollow waveguide(Si-iHWG) to serve as an optical channel and gas cell in an optical gas sensor.It is fabricated through silicon wafer etching and wafer bonding.The Si-i HWG chip is further assembled with an off-chip light source and detector to build a fully functional compact nondispersive infrared(NDIR) CO_(2) sensor.The chip size is 10 mm × 9 mm,and the dimension of the sensor excluding the microcontroller board is 50 mm × 25 mm × 16 mm.This chip solution with compactness,versatility,robustness,and low cost provides a cost-effective platform for miniaturized optical sensing applications ranging from air quality monitoring to con-sumer electronics.

Dyeing fine denier polypropylene fibers with phenylazo-β-naphthol-containing sulfonamide disperse dyes

A series of phenylazo-β-naphthol-containing sulfonamide disperse dyes were prepared from C.I.Acid Orange 7 by successive reactions of chlorination and amination,and their chemical structures were characterized by FTIR,1H NMR,and mass spectrometry.The dyes were applied to coloring of knitted fabrics from fine denier polypropylene fibers by exhaust dyeing and their optimal dyeing conditions,such as dyebath pH,dyeing temperature,dyeing time,and dye concentration were investigated in detail.Then,dye exhaustion,color strength,and color fastnesses of the dyes on the fibers were assessed and summarized.In view of dye exhaustion and color strength of the sulfonamide dyes on fine denier PP fabrics,90℃ was selected as the best dyeing temperature at dye concentration below or equal to 3.0%owf.For achieving higher color strength,130℃ was the better choice when the dye concentration was above 3.0%owf.The sulfonamide dyes,especially secondary sulfonamide dyes,exhibited superior dye exhaustion and color fastnesses to washing,sublimation,and rubbing on fine denier PP fabrics in comparison to C.I.Solvent Yellow 14 bearing the same chromophore but without sulfonamide group.

Semen extracellular vesicles mediate vertical transmission of subgroup J avian leukosis virus

Subgroup J avian leukosis virus(ALV-J) is a highly oncogenic retrovirus that has been devastating the global poultry industry since the late 1990s. The major infection model of ALV-J is vertical transmission, which is responsible for the congenital infection of progeny from generation to generation. Increasing evidence has suggested that extracellular vesicles(EVs) derived from virus-infected cells or biological fluids have been thought to be vehicles of transmission for viruses. However, the role of EVs in infection and transmission of ALV-J remains obscure. In the present study, semen extracellular vesicles(SE) were isolated and purified from ALV-J-infected rooster seminal plasma(SE-ALV-J), which was shown to contain ALV-J genomic RNA and partial viral proteins, as determined by RNA sequencing, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Furthermore, SE-ALV-J was proved to be able to transmit ALV-J infection to host cells and establish productive infection.More importantly, artificial insemination experiments showed that SE-ALV-J transmitted ALV-J infection to SPF hens, and subsequently mediated vertical transmission of ALV-J from the SPF hens to the progeny chicks. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that ALV-J utilized host semen extracellular vesicles as a novel means for vertical transmission, enhancing our understanding on mechanisms underlying ALV-J transmission.

Prognostic value of the 21-gene recurrence score in ER-positive,HER2-negative,node-positive breast cancer was similar in nodenegative diseases:a single-center study of 800 patients

Multi-gene assays have emerged as crucial tools for risk stratification in early-stage breast cancer.This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the 21-gene recurrence score(RS)in Chinese patients with pN0-l,estrogen receptor-positive(ER+),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative(HER2)breast cancer.Among 800 patients recruited between 2009 and 2016,the median RS was 24(0-69),with 27.4%,46.8%,and 25.9%patients classified into low-,intermediate-,and high-risk groups.Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the high-risk category was associated with significantly higher odds of invasive disease-free survival(IDFS)and distant disease-free survival(DDFS)events compared with the low-risk category(IDFS:HR=2.450,95%Cl 1.017-5.902,P=0.046;DDFS:HR=2.829,95%Cl 1.013-7.901,P=0.047).No significant association between RS category and overall survival(OS)was found(intermediate vs.low:HR=1.244,95%Cl 0.292-5.297,P=0.768;high vs.low:HR=2.933,95%Cl 0.759-11.327,P=0.119).RS,as a continuous variable,was a highly significant predictor for IDFS(HR=1.028,95%Cl 1.010-1.047,P=0.002),DDFS(HR=1.030,95%Cl 1.010-1.051,P=0.003),and OS(HR=1.034,95%Cl 1.007-1.063,P=0.014).Our findings suggested that RS may predict IDFS in Chinese patients with ER+/HER2 breast cancer with NO or N1 disease.

Corrigendum to“African swine fever virus protein E199L promotes cell autophagy through the interaction of PYCR2”[Virol Sin 36(2021)196–206]

Due to our negligence,the original version of this article,published online on April 08,2021,contained a mistake in Fig.1E.The lane ofβ-actin in Western blotting was misused.The correct Fig.1 is given below.We apologize for our oversight when preparing the figure and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.

The Cross-Correlation Relationship Between the Real Estate Industry and High-Quality Economic Development

Based on China’s real estate investment(REI), commercial housing sales(CHS), and GDP data from 2001 to 2020, we studied the dependence, asymmetry, and transmission direction of China’s real estate and economy. Their cross-correlation is demonstrated through the deep crosscorrelation analysis(DCCA) algorithm, multifractal asymmetric detrended cross-correlation analysis(MF-ADCCA) algorithm and DCCA algorithm based on a time delay. Both REI and CHS have persistence with GDP. The real estate industry and economy have asymmetric multifractal characteristics.Meanwhile, real estate and the economy have different trends, and they can affect each other with the same length of time delay. This effect diminishes in a short period of time, and there are unsteady fluctuations in cross-correlation persistence in the long term.

A Study of Multi-Scale Relationship Between Investor Sentiment and Stock Index Fluctuation Based on the Analysis of BEMD Spillover Index

According to behavioral finance theory, investor sentiment generally exists in investors’ trading activities and influences financial market. In order to investigate the interaction between investor sentiment and stock market as well as financial industry, this study decomposed investor sentiment, stock price index and SWS index of financial industry into IMF components at different scales by using BEMD algorithm. Moreover, the fluctuation characteristics of time series at different time scales were extracted, and the IMF components were reconstructed into short-term high-frequency components, medium-term important event low-frequency components and long-term trend components. The short-term interaction between investor sentiment and Shanghai Composite Index, Shenzhen Component Index and financial industries represented by SWS index was investigated based on the spillover index. The time difference correlation coefficient was employed to determine the medium-term and long-term correlation among variables. Results demonstrate that investor sentiment has a strong correlation with Shanghai Composite Index, Shenzhen Component Index and different financial industries represented by SWS index at the original scale, and the change of investor sentiment is mainly influenced by external market information. The interaction between most markets at the short-term scale is weaker than that at the original scale. Investor sentiment is more significantly correlated with SWS Bond, SWS Diversified Finance and Shanghai Composite Index at the long-term scale than that at the medium-term scale.