Ginsenoside F1 administration promotes UCP1-dependent fat browning and ameliorates obesity-associated insulin resistance

Obesity-induced type 2 diabetes is mainly due to excessive free fatty acids leading to insulin resistance.Increasing thermogenesis is regarded as an effective strategy for hypolipidemia and hypoglycemia.Ginsenoside is a natural active component in Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer,and some of them enhance thermogenesis.However,there are few studies on the mechanism and target of ginsenosides enhancing thermogenesis.Using thermogenic protein uncoupling protein 1(UCP1)-luciferase reporter assay,we identifi ed ginsenoside F1 as a novel UCP1 activator in the ginsenosides library.Using pull down assay and inhibitor interference,we found F1 binds toβ3-adrenergic receptors(β3-AR)to enhance UCP1 expression via cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway.We also investigated the ability of F1 on energy metabolism in obesity-induced diabetic mice,including body weight,body composition and energy expenditure.The results of proteomics showed that F1 signifi cantly up-regulated thermogenesis proteins and lipolytic proteins,but down-regulated fatty acid synthesis proteins.Ginsenoside F1 increased thermogenesis and ameliorated insulin resistance specifi cally by promoting the browning of white adipose tissue in obese mice.Additionally,ginsenoside F1 improves norepinephrine-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes and hepatocytes,and shows a stronger mitochondria respiration ability than norepinephrine.These fi ndings suggest that ginsenoside F1 is a promising lead compound in the improvement of insulin resistance.

Enhanced efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells by 2D perovskite vapor-assisted interface optimization

Organic–inorganic perovskites solar cells(PSCs)have attracted great attention due to their rapid progress in power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,there is still an enormous challenge to achieve both high efficiency and stability devices as the decomposition of perovskite materials under humid and light conditions.Herein,we demonstrate that high efficiency and stability of PSCs can be obtained by the reaction of three-dimensional(3D)perovskite with 1,4-butanediamine iodide(BEAI2)vapor.The incorporation of BEAI2 intensively promotes the crystallization of perovskite film with large grain size(~500 nm).Further characterization reveals that the post-treatment perovskite film delivered low interface trap density with long carrier lifetime(>200 ns),long carrier diffusion length(>600 nm)and large carrier mobility(>1.5 cm^2 V-1S-1).Solar cells employing such post-treatment films demonstrated 19.58%PCE without hysteresis.Moreover,the post-treatment devices can retain over 90%original efficiencies stored under ambient atmospheric conditions and exhibit better stability under 85℃and continuous illumination as a two-dimensional(2D)perovskite thin layer is formed on the surface/or at the grain boundaries of 3D perovskite.This study offers an effective way to obtain PSCs with high efficiency and stability.

在心力衰竭中RXRα激活上调Ndufs4的转录发挥心脏保护作用

Myocardial infarction-induced heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide [1]. Studies have established that HF is characterized by impaired mitochondrial energy production [2]. Hence, pharmacological targeting of energy production pathways has emerged as a promising strategy against HF [3]. Retinoid X receptor a (RXRa) is a ligand-activated transcription factor.

Dual-color terahertz spatial light modulator for single-pixel imaging

Spatial light modulators(SLM),capable of dynamically and spatially manipulating electromagnetic waves,have reshaped modern life in projection display and remote sensing.The progress of SLM will expedite next-generation communication and biomedical imaging in the terahertz(THz)range.However,most current THz SLMs are adapted from optical alternatives that still need improvement in terms of uniformity,speed,and bandwidth.Here,we designed,fabricated,and characterized an 8×8THz SLM based on tunable liquid crystal metamaterial absorbers for THz single-pixel compressive imaging.We demonstrated dual-color compressive sensing(CS)imaging for dispersive objects utilizing the large frequency shift controlled by an external electric field.We developed auto-calibrated compressive sensing(ACS)algorithm to mitigate the impact of the spatially nonuniform THz incident beam and pixel modulation,which significantly improves the fidelity of reconstructed images.Furthermore,the complementary modulation at two absorption frequencies enables Hadamard masks with negative element values to be realized by frequency-switching,thereby halving the imaging time.The demonstrated imaging system paves a new route for THz single-pixel multispectral imaging with high reliability and low cost.

Mechanism and effect of Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) on serum calcium in spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE： To observe the impact of Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） on spontaneously hypertensive rats via blood pressure, serum calcium, vascular smooth muscle membrane L-type calcium channel α1 C subunit （CaL-α1C）, plasma membrane calci- um-ATPase （PMCA） mRNA expression, and the L-type calcium channel in vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS： Twelve-week-old male rats with sponta- neous hypertension were divided into three groups： a Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） group （group 1）, a nifedipine group （group 2）, and a dis- tilled water group （group 3）. All were given a four-week treatment. Blood pressure and dissocia- tive serum calcium were examined before treat- ment. Blood pressure was taken every week during treatment. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to examine dissociative serum calcium. Re-verse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of CaL-α1C and PM- CA1 mRNA. The patch clamp technique was used to examine the electrophysiological characteristics of the vascular smooth muscle cell calcium chan- nels. RESULTS： After treatment, blood pressure of the Shijueming （Concha Halioticlis） group lowered but not significantly （P〉0.05）. Blood pressure of the nifedipine group lowered significantly （P〈0.05）. Blood pressure of the distilled water group re- mained high. The concentration of serum calcium in the Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） and the dis- tilled water groups lowered （P〈0.05）. Expression of CaL-α1C mRNA in the nifedipine group decreased compared with the distilled water group （P〈0.01）. There was the decreasing trend in the Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） group, but it was not statistically significant. Shijueming （Concha Haliotidis） also had effects on the expression of PMCA1 mRNA but with- out statistical significance. However, there was a significant decreasing effect on vascular smooth muscle cell Ica-L flow. CONCLUSION： This study indicated that Shijuem- ing （Concha Haliotidis） could increase serum calci- um and decrease blood pressure. It may work by in- fluencing calcium channels, expression of PMCA1 mRNA, and regulating ion calcium channels and calcium-ATPase.

Copper-cobalt-nickel oxide nanowire arrays on copper foams as self-standing anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Numerous scientists are in the pursuit of energy storage materials with high energy and high power density by assembly of electrochemically active materials into conductive scaffolds,owing to the emerging need for next-generation energy storage devices.In this architectures,the active materials bonded to the conductive scaffold can provide a robust and free-standing structure,which is crucial to the fabrication of materials with high gravimetric capacity.Thus,hierarchical copper-cobalt-nickel ternary oxide(CuCoNi-oxide) nanowire arrays grown from copper foam were successfully fabricated as freestanding anode materials for lithium ion batteries(LIBs).CuCoNi-oxide nanowire arrays could provide more active sites owing to the hyperbranched structure,leading to a better specific capacity of 1191 mAh/g,cycle performance of 73% retention in comparison to CuO nanowire structure,which exhibited a specific capacity of 1029 mAh/g and capacity retention of 43%,respectively.

Large linear electrostrain of acceptor-donor Co-doped ZnO films

In this paper we present the effective strategy of Fe^(3+)and Li^(+)co-doping to enhance the electrostrain of ZnO thin films.Zn_(0.88)(Fe_(0.06)Li_(0.06))O thin film exhibits an excellent d_(33)^(*)value of 415 pm/V and large linear electrostrain of 0.68%after thermal-electric treatment.Both the X-ray diffraction and first principle calculation results have indicated that the Fe^(3+)and Li^(+)ions are inclined to adopt a preferential alignment along the edges approximately parallel to[001]direction in the zinc-oxygen tetrahedron and constitute a defect dipole(ionic pairs).It is considered that the local lattice distortion and the electric field-triggered polarization extension and rotation generated by preferential distributed Fe^(3+)-Li^(+)ionic pairs are responsible for the outstanding piezoelectric properties and large linear electrostrain.

Novel boron-and sulfur-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as multiple resonance emitter for ultrapure blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence polymers

Boron(B)-and sulfur(S)-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are developed as a novel kind of multiple resonance emitters for ultrapure blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)polymers with narrowband electroluminescence.The combination of electron-deficient B atom and electron-rich S atom in PAH can form an intramolecular push-pull electronic system in a rigid aromatic framework,leading to reduced singlet-triplet energy splitting and limited structure relaxation of excited states.The critical roles of S atom in determining emission properties with respect to the oxygen analogues are in two aspects:(i)reducing energy bandgap to shift emission from human-eye-insensitive ultraviolet zone to blue region,and(ii)promoting reverse intersystem crossing process by heavy-atom effect to activate TADF effect.The resulting polymer containing B,S-doped PAH as emitter and acridan as host exhibits efficient blue electroluminescence at 458 nm with small full-width at halfmaximum of 31 nm,representing the first example for ultrapure TADF polymer with narrowband electroluminescence.

Clinical features and outcome of 15 patients with recurrent endometrial cancer or atypical endometrial hyperplasia received primary fertility-sparing therapy followed by hysterectomy

Objective To investigate the clinical features and outcome of recurrent endometrial cancer(EC)or atypical endometrial hyperplasia(AEH)patients who underwent hysterectomy after fertility-sparing therapy.Methods Clinical data was retrospectively collected for 15 recurrent endometrial cancer or atypical endometrial hyperplasia patients who underwent hysterectomy in six hospitals from 2003 to 2019.According to the indicators of hysterectomy,patients were divided into four groups:7 patients who underwent direct hyesterectomy after the first relapse,4 due to re-treatment failure,1 after full term live birth,and 3 because of multiple recurrence.Clinical coexisting conditions,regimen and outcome of fertility-sparing therapy,pre-and post-operative pathological results,and prognosis were analyzed.Results(1)Fertility-spraring treatment was given to a total of 15 eligible patients,including 6 with EC and 9 with AEH.Median time interval from remission to recurrence was 12 months(range 3–92).Oral progestin-based medicine was the main fertility-sparing therapy in both primary treatment and re-treatment after recurrence.Six(6/8)patients received progestin combined with gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist or metformin in three re-treatment groups.(2)Nine patients underwent hysterectomy and 6 staging surgery.Three patients had pathological upgrade after surgery.Five(5/10)EC patients had superficial myometrial invasion in postoperative pathology.All patients showed no evidence of disease in the median follow-up of 17 months(range 3–118).(3)Among seven patients who failed to re-treatment and had multiple recurrence,six were overweight/obesity and six had insulin resistance.Two of these patients had synchronous ovarian cancer in the postoperative pathology.Conclusion For the patients with recurrent EC or AEH after primary fertility-sparing therapy,overweight/obesity and insulin resistance might be the risk factors for re-treatment failure.Hysterectomy is recommended when patients had re-treatment failure or multiple recurrence;and generally the prognosis is favorable.

工作重塑何以成为员工应对辱虐管理的手段?基于压力认知评估的理论视角

已有研究普遍证实了辱虐管理对员工身心及工作绩效的严重危害。然而,员工会如何应对辱虐管理很少受到关注。本研究基于压力的认知评估理论探索员工以工作重塑应对上司辱虐管理的作用机制及边界条件。以453名员工为对象,研究结果显示:辱虐管理与挑战性评估呈U型关系,即较低或较高的辱虐管理都较容易引起下属的挑战性评估,观点采择加强了这种U型关系,进而影响到员工的工作重塑;辱虐管理与威胁性评估呈正相关,但威胁性评估在辱虐管理与工作重塑间的中介作用不显著;观点采择在辱虐管理与威胁性评估间关系的调节作用也不显著。本研究揭示了员工选择工作重塑应对领导辱虐管理的原因及条件,拓展了工作重塑的前因机制研究,并为组织如何基于辱虐管理的认知——评估视角指导员工的工作重塑提供了建议。

Directional terahertz holography with thermally active Janus metasurface

Dynamic manipulation of electromagnetic(EM)waves with multiple degrees of freedom plays an essential role in enhancing information processing.Currently,an enormous challenge is to realize directional terahertz(THz)holography.Recently,it was demonstrated that Janus metasurfaces could produce distinct responses to EM waves from two opposite incident directions,making multiplexed dynamic manipulation of THz waves possible.Herein,we show that thermally activated THz Janus metasurfaces integrating with phase change materials on the meta-atoms can produce asymmetric transmission with the designed phase delays.Such reconfigurable Janus metasurfaces can achieve asymmetric focusing of THz wave and directional THz holography with free-space image projections,and particularly the information can be manipulated via temperature and incident THz wave direction.This work not only offers a common strategy for realizing the reconfigurability of Janus metasurfaces,but also shows possible applications in THz optical information encryption,data storage,and smart windows.

Mesoporous CeO_(2)-C hybrid spheres as efficient support for platinum nanoparticles towards methanol electrocatalytic oxidation

The development of direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs) is partially limited by the poor kinetics of methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) at the anode side.It was reported that the interaction between Pt and CeO_(2) enhances the electrocatalytic performance of Pt catalyst for MOR.In this work,a hybrid material(CeO_(2)-C) composed of CeO_(2) and carbon was successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal method followed by calcination in inert atmosphere.The hierarchically porous nanostructure and especially good electronic conductivity of CeO_(2)-C make it an excellent support for Pt particles for application in electrocatalytic process.TEM investigation reveals that triple-phase interface of Pt,carbon and CeO_(2) forms in Pt/CeO_(2)-C catalyst.Performance of the as-prepared catalyst for MOR was studied in alkaline medium.The Pt/CeO_(2)-C catalyst shows superior catalytic performance for MOR compared with Pt/CeO_(2) and the physical mixture of Pt/CeO_(2) and acetylene black(Pt/CeO_(2)+C).The significantly improved performance can be attributed to the synergetic effect between Pt particles and CeO_(2)-C support,and the better conductivity of CeO_(2)-C.This study provides a possible method to expand the application potential of CeO_(2) materials in MOR,and may also be used in other electrocatalytic process.

Hole-pinned defect-dipoles induced colossal permittivity in Bi doped SrTiO3 ceramics with Sr deficiency

Bi doped SrTiO3 ceramics with Sr deficiency,i.e.Sr1-1.5xBixTiO3(x=0,0.01,0.05,0.1),were prepared via conventional solid-state reaction route.A colossal permittivity(CP)over 104 with low dielectric loss less than 0.05wasobtained in x=0.05 Sr1-1.5xBixTiO3 ceramics.In addition,the dielectric constant is maintained at a value greater than 104 in the range of 102-105 Hz and almost frequency independent.Phase structure analysis and density functional theory calculations suggest that the Bi·Sr-V"Sr-Bi·Sr defect complex with hole-pinned defect-dipoles maybe responsible for the high-performance CP properties.This work gives a new way to achieve high performance CP materials in ABO3 perovskite ceramics.