BACKGROUND As one of the fatal diseases with high incidence,lung cancer has seriously endangered public health and safety.Elderly patients usually have poor self-care and are more likely to show a series of psychologi...BACKGROUND As one of the fatal diseases with high incidence,lung cancer has seriously endangered public health and safety.Elderly patients usually have poor self-care and are more likely to show a series of psychological problems.AIM To investigate the effectiveness of the initial check,information exchange,final accuracy check,reaction(IIFAR)information care model on the mental health status of elderly patients with lung cancer.METHODS This study is a single-centre study.We randomly recruited 60 elderly patients with lung cancer who attended our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022.These elderly patients with lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups,with the control group taking the conventional propaganda and education and the observation group taking the IIFAR information care model based on the conventional care protocol.The differences in psychological distress,anxiety and depression,life quality,fatigue,and the locus of control in psychology were compared between these two groups,and the causes of psychological distress were analyzed.RESULTS After the intervention,Distress Thermometer,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)for anxiety and the HADS for depression,Revised Piper’s Fatigue Scale,and Chance Health Locus of Control scores were lower in the observation group compared to the pre-intervention period in the same group and were significantly lower in the observation group compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30(QLQ-C30),Internal Health Locus of Control,and Powerful Others Health Locus of Control scores were significantly higher in the observation and the control groups compared to the pre-intervention period in their same group,and QLQ-C30 scores were significantly higher in the observation group compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The IIFAR information care model can help elderly patients with lung cancer by reducing their anxiety and depression,psychological distress,and fatigue,improving their tendencies on the locus of control in psychology,and enhancing their life qualities.展开更多
In vivo imaging of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains an important challenge.We injected porous Ag/Au@SiO_(2) bimetallic hollow nanoshells carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 as a molecular probe into mice with cere...In vivo imaging of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains an important challenge.We injected porous Ag/Au@SiO_(2) bimetallic hollow nanoshells carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 as a molecular probe into mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and observed microvascular changes in the brain using photoacoustic imaging with ultrasonography.At each measured time point,the total photoacoustic signal was significantly higher on the affected side than on the healthy side.Twelve hours after reperfusion,cerebral perfusion on the affected side increased,cerebrovascular injury worsened,and anti-tropomyosin 4 expression increased.Twenty-four hours after reperfusion and later,perfusion on the affected side declined slowly and stabilized after 1 week;brain injury was also alleviated.Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the brain injury tissue changes.The nanoshell molecular probe carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 has potential for use in early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and evaluating its progression.展开更多
Ecosystem multiserviceability(EMS),a comprehensive and significant ecological indicator,reflects the capacity of ecosystems to offer multiple services concurrently.Intensified climate change and human activity are con...Ecosystem multiserviceability(EMS),a comprehensive and significant ecological indicator,reflects the capacity of ecosystems to offer multiple services concurrently.Intensified climate change and human activity are continu-ously altering ecosystem functions,services,and EMSs.However,numerous studies have only focused on one or a few ecosystem services,rarely taking into account spatial-temporal distribution and drivers of EMS on behalf of different agencies.We calculated EMS including pastoralist(PA),environmental protection agency(EPA),bio-diversity conservation agency(BCA),and climate change mitigation agency(CCMA)using grassland production,habitat quality,water conservation,and carbon sequestration.Then,the effects of geographical features,climate factors,and human activities on spatial-temporal patterns of EMS were explored.The result indicated that EMS showed a decreasing tendency from the southeast to northwest on the Qingzang Plateau(QZP).Meanwhile,there were no obvious fluctuations in four simulated scenarios(PA,EPA,BCA and CCMA)among different vegetation types during 2000 to 2015.Notably,EMS of all simulated scenarios decreased in the alpine steppe ecosystem,but negligible changes were found in other ecosystems from 2015 to 2020.Moreover,the relative importance of precipitation in annual mean value(from 2000 to 2020)of PA,EPA,BCA and CCMA were 0.13,0.11,0.30 and 0.19,respectively.Overall,precipitation played the dominant role on the dynamics of EMS,followed by elevation and human footprint.Our findings highlighted that understanding the patterns and drivers of EMS could provide a reference for the regional management and maintenance of ecosystem stability on QZP.展开更多
Purpose–The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of longitudinal forces on extreme-long heavy-haul trains,providing new insights and methods for their design and operation,thereby enhancing safety,ope...Purpose–The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of longitudinal forces on extreme-long heavy-haul trains,providing new insights and methods for their design and operation,thereby enhancing safety,operational efficiency and track system design.Design/methodology/approach–A longitudinal dynamics simulation model of the super long heavy haul train was established and verified by the braking test data of 30,000 t heavy-haul combination train on the long and steep down grade of Daqing Line.The simulation model was used to analyze the influence of factors on the longitudinal force of super long heavy haul train.Findings–Under normal conditions,the formation length of extreme-long heavy-haul combined train has a small effect on the maximum longitudinal coupler force under full service braking and emergency braking on the straight line.The slope difference of the long and steep down grade has a great impact on the maximum longitudinal coupler force of the extreme-long heavy-haul trains.Under the condition that the longitudinal force does not exceed the safety limit of 2,250 kN under full service braking at the speed of 60 km/h the maximum allowable slope difference of long and steep down grade for 40,000 t super long heavy-haul combined trains is 13‰,and that of 100,000 t is only 5‰.Originality/value–The results will provide important theoretical basis and practical guidance for further improving the transportation efficiency and safety of extreme-long heavy-haul trains.展开更多
Following the reconstruction of the TEXT tokamak at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, renamed as J-TEXT, a plethora of experimental and theoretical investigations has been conducted to elucidate ...Following the reconstruction of the TEXT tokamak at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, renamed as J-TEXT, a plethora of experimental and theoretical investigations has been conducted to elucidate the intricacies of turbulent transport within the tokamak configuration. These endeavors encompass not only the J-TEXT device's experimental advancements but also delve into critical issues pertinent to the optimization of future fusion devices and reactors. The research includes topics on the suppression of turbulence, flow drive and damping, density limit, non-local transport, intrinsic toroidal flow, turbulence and flow with magnetic islands, turbulent transport in the stochastic layer, and turbulence and zonal flow with energetic particles or helium ash. Several important achievements have been made in the last few years, which will be further elaborated upon in this comprehensive review.展开更多
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome(OSAHS)in children is a sleep respiratory disorder characterized by a series of pathophysiologic changes.Statistics in recent years have demonstrated an incre...BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome(OSAHS)in children is a sleep respiratory disorder characterized by a series of pathophysiologic changes.Statistics in recent years have demonstrated an increasing yearly incidence.AIM To investigate the risk factors for OSAHS in children and propose appropriate management measures.METHODS This study had a case–control study design.Altogether,85 children with OSAHS comprised the case group,and healthy children of the same age and sex were matched at 1:1 as the control group.Basic information,including age,sex,height,weight and family history,and medical history data of all study participants were collected.Polysomnography was used to detect at least 8 h of nocturnal sleep.All participants were clinically examined for the presence of adenoids,enlarged tonsils,sinusitis,and rhinitis.RESULTS The analysis of variance revealed that the case group had a higher proportion of factors such as adenoid grading,tonsil indexing,sinusitis,and rhinitis than the control group.CONCLUSION A regression model was established,and glandular pattern grading,tonsil indexing,sinusitis,and pharyngitis were identified as independent risk factors affecting OSAHS development.展开更多
Primary liver cancer and liver metastases are among the most frequent malignancies worldwide,with an increasing number of new cases and deaths every year.Traditional surgery is only suitable for a limited proportion o...Primary liver cancer and liver metastases are among the most frequent malignancies worldwide,with an increasing number of new cases and deaths every year.Traditional surgery is only suitable for a limited proportion of patients and imaging-guided percutaneous thermal ablation has achieved optimistic results for management of hepatic malignancy.This synopsis outlines the first clinical practice guidelines for ultrasoundguided percutaneous microwave ablation therapy for hepatic malignancy,which was created by a joint task force of the Society of Chinese Interventional Ultrasound.The guidelines aim at standardizing the microwave ablation procedure and therapeutic efficacy assessment,as well as proposing the criteria for the treatment candidates.展开更多
Melanoma,characterized by high mortality,rapid development and accompanied with angio-genesis is the most typical malignant tumor in skin cancer.Hence,the detection of blood vessels is of much significanoe.The early v...Melanoma,characterized by high mortality,rapid development and accompanied with angio-genesis is the most typical malignant tumor in skin cancer.Hence,the detection of blood vessels is of much significanoe.The early vascular network has small scale.If we remove the tumor early and biopsy it,it will increase the spread of the cancer cells and infection and bleeding.In this case,we presented a new angiography method.A high-resolution OCT system for noninvasive an-giographic imaging of early skin melanoma-Swept Source Optical Coberence Tomography Angiography(SS-OCTA)is proposed.With a high lateral resolution of 10pm in vrivo tomographic angiography,SS-OCTA is used to image and identify the morphology of the early tumor blood vessels.In addition,a control group experiment is conducted to observe the growth of melanoma in the process of rupture,malormation of micro-vessels.The results of the analysis and statistical test(P<0.05)are statistically signifcant.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND As one of the fatal diseases with high incidence,lung cancer has seriously endangered public health and safety.Elderly patients usually have poor self-care and are more likely to show a series of psychological problems.AIM To investigate the effectiveness of the initial check,information exchange,final accuracy check,reaction(IIFAR)information care model on the mental health status of elderly patients with lung cancer.METHODS This study is a single-centre study.We randomly recruited 60 elderly patients with lung cancer who attended our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022.These elderly patients with lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups,with the control group taking the conventional propaganda and education and the observation group taking the IIFAR information care model based on the conventional care protocol.The differences in psychological distress,anxiety and depression,life quality,fatigue,and the locus of control in psychology were compared between these two groups,and the causes of psychological distress were analyzed.RESULTS After the intervention,Distress Thermometer,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)for anxiety and the HADS for depression,Revised Piper’s Fatigue Scale,and Chance Health Locus of Control scores were lower in the observation group compared to the pre-intervention period in the same group and were significantly lower in the observation group compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30(QLQ-C30),Internal Health Locus of Control,and Powerful Others Health Locus of Control scores were significantly higher in the observation and the control groups compared to the pre-intervention period in their same group,and QLQ-C30 scores were significantly higher in the observation group compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The IIFAR information care model can help elderly patients with lung cancer by reducing their anxiety and depression,psychological distress,and fatigue,improving their tendencies on the locus of control in psychology,and enhancing their life qualities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81730050(to WH).
文摘In vivo imaging of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains an important challenge.We injected porous Ag/Au@SiO_(2) bimetallic hollow nanoshells carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 as a molecular probe into mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and observed microvascular changes in the brain using photoacoustic imaging with ultrasonography.At each measured time point,the total photoacoustic signal was significantly higher on the affected side than on the healthy side.Twelve hours after reperfusion,cerebral perfusion on the affected side increased,cerebrovascular injury worsened,and anti-tropomyosin 4 expression increased.Twenty-four hours after reperfusion and later,perfusion on the affected side declined slowly and stabilized after 1 week;brain injury was also alleviated.Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the brain injury tissue changes.The nanoshell molecular probe carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 has potential for use in early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and evaluating its progression.
基金the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41871040)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Ex-pedition and Research(Grant No.2019QZKK0405)the Joint Research Project of Three-River-Resource National Park Funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial People’s Govern-ment(Grant No.LHZX-2020-08).
文摘Ecosystem multiserviceability(EMS),a comprehensive and significant ecological indicator,reflects the capacity of ecosystems to offer multiple services concurrently.Intensified climate change and human activity are continu-ously altering ecosystem functions,services,and EMSs.However,numerous studies have only focused on one or a few ecosystem services,rarely taking into account spatial-temporal distribution and drivers of EMS on behalf of different agencies.We calculated EMS including pastoralist(PA),environmental protection agency(EPA),bio-diversity conservation agency(BCA),and climate change mitigation agency(CCMA)using grassland production,habitat quality,water conservation,and carbon sequestration.Then,the effects of geographical features,climate factors,and human activities on spatial-temporal patterns of EMS were explored.The result indicated that EMS showed a decreasing tendency from the southeast to northwest on the Qingzang Plateau(QZP).Meanwhile,there were no obvious fluctuations in four simulated scenarios(PA,EPA,BCA and CCMA)among different vegetation types during 2000 to 2015.Notably,EMS of all simulated scenarios decreased in the alpine steppe ecosystem,but negligible changes were found in other ecosystems from 2015 to 2020.Moreover,the relative importance of precipitation in annual mean value(from 2000 to 2020)of PA,EPA,BCA and CCMA were 0.13,0.11,0.30 and 0.19,respectively.Overall,precipitation played the dominant role on the dynamics of EMS,followed by elevation and human footprint.Our findings highlighted that understanding the patterns and drivers of EMS could provide a reference for the regional management and maintenance of ecosystem stability on QZP.
基金subsidized by CHINA RAILWAY Scientific and Technological Research and Development Project(No.2018J008)CHN ENERGY Investment Group Co.,LTD(No.GJNY-20-232),to which,the authors hereby express our appreciation.
文摘Purpose–The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of longitudinal forces on extreme-long heavy-haul trains,providing new insights and methods for their design and operation,thereby enhancing safety,operational efficiency and track system design.Design/methodology/approach–A longitudinal dynamics simulation model of the super long heavy haul train was established and verified by the braking test data of 30,000 t heavy-haul combination train on the long and steep down grade of Daqing Line.The simulation model was used to analyze the influence of factors on the longitudinal force of super long heavy haul train.Findings–Under normal conditions,the formation length of extreme-long heavy-haul combined train has a small effect on the maximum longitudinal coupler force under full service braking and emergency braking on the straight line.The slope difference of the long and steep down grade has a great impact on the maximum longitudinal coupler force of the extreme-long heavy-haul trains.Under the condition that the longitudinal force does not exceed the safety limit of 2,250 kN under full service braking at the speed of 60 km/h the maximum allowable slope difference of long and steep down grade for 40,000 t super long heavy-haul combined trains is 13‰,and that of 100,000 t is only 5‰.Originality/value–The results will provide important theoretical basis and practical guidance for further improving the transportation efficiency and safety of extreme-long heavy-haul trains.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2022YFE03100004, 2017YFE0302000, and 2017YFE0301100)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12275097, 12275096, 11875292, 11675059, 11905079, 11305071, and 51821005)+5 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2013GB112002)the Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (No. 2022NSFSC1791)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (No. 2208085J39)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, HUST: (Nos. 2019kfy XMBZ034 and 2021XXJS007)the Initiative Postdocs Supporting Program of China (No. BX20180105)the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (Nos. DEFG02-04ER54738 and DE-SC-0020287)。
文摘Following the reconstruction of the TEXT tokamak at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, renamed as J-TEXT, a plethora of experimental and theoretical investigations has been conducted to elucidate the intricacies of turbulent transport within the tokamak configuration. These endeavors encompass not only the J-TEXT device's experimental advancements but also delve into critical issues pertinent to the optimization of future fusion devices and reactors. The research includes topics on the suppression of turbulence, flow drive and damping, density limit, non-local transport, intrinsic toroidal flow, turbulence and flow with magnetic islands, turbulent transport in the stochastic layer, and turbulence and zonal flow with energetic particles or helium ash. Several important achievements have been made in the last few years, which will be further elaborated upon in this comprehensive review.
文摘BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome(OSAHS)in children is a sleep respiratory disorder characterized by a series of pathophysiologic changes.Statistics in recent years have demonstrated an increasing yearly incidence.AIM To investigate the risk factors for OSAHS in children and propose appropriate management measures.METHODS This study had a case–control study design.Altogether,85 children with OSAHS comprised the case group,and healthy children of the same age and sex were matched at 1:1 as the control group.Basic information,including age,sex,height,weight and family history,and medical history data of all study participants were collected.Polysomnography was used to detect at least 8 h of nocturnal sleep.All participants were clinically examined for the presence of adenoids,enlarged tonsils,sinusitis,and rhinitis.RESULTS The analysis of variance revealed that the case group had a higher proportion of factors such as adenoid grading,tonsil indexing,sinusitis,and rhinitis than the control group.CONCLUSION A regression model was established,and glandular pattern grading,tonsil indexing,sinusitis,and pharyngitis were identified as independent risk factors affecting OSAHS development.
文摘Primary liver cancer and liver metastases are among the most frequent malignancies worldwide,with an increasing number of new cases and deaths every year.Traditional surgery is only suitable for a limited proportion of patients and imaging-guided percutaneous thermal ablation has achieved optimistic results for management of hepatic malignancy.This synopsis outlines the first clinical practice guidelines for ultrasoundguided percutaneous microwave ablation therapy for hepatic malignancy,which was created by a joint task force of the Society of Chinese Interventional Ultrasound.The guidelines aim at standardizing the microwave ablation procedure and therapeutic efficacy assessment,as well as proposing the criteria for the treatment candidates.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Province Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20060010)the Frontier Science Research project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDBS-SWJSC03)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61675226)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0108200,2017YFB0403700)the Jiangsu Province Key R&D Program(BE2018667).
文摘Melanoma,characterized by high mortality,rapid development and accompanied with angio-genesis is the most typical malignant tumor in skin cancer.Hence,the detection of blood vessels is of much significanoe.The early vascular network has small scale.If we remove the tumor early and biopsy it,it will increase the spread of the cancer cells and infection and bleeding.In this case,we presented a new angiography method.A high-resolution OCT system for noninvasive an-giographic imaging of early skin melanoma-Swept Source Optical Coberence Tomography Angiography(SS-OCTA)is proposed.With a high lateral resolution of 10pm in vrivo tomographic angiography,SS-OCTA is used to image and identify the morphology of the early tumor blood vessels.In addition,a control group experiment is conducted to observe the growth of melanoma in the process of rupture,malormation of micro-vessels.The results of the analysis and statistical test(P<0.05)are statistically signifcant.
