支持BIST的RS编解码器在国产FPGA上的设计与实现

RS编码是一类应用广泛的纠错编码,由于有些国产FPGA平台未能提供该IP核的使用以及工程中在不同FPGA平台使用共享模块的需求,本文设计了一种低复杂度、低资源使用的RS编码器和RS解码器,提出了FPGA资源优化的方法,使用工具软件Matlab和Modelsim进行了联合仿真,验证了设计的RS编码器和RS解码器电路的正确性与合理性,并在国产FPGA厂家安路科技的EG4S20NG88和PH1A100GCG324以及国外FPGA厂家Xilinx的XC7K325TFFG900上进行了实现,并对实现后的资源使用情况进行了对比。同时通过增加PRBS模块实现了内建自测试功能,极大地减少了模块在不同的FPGA平台之间移植的时间。

Fresh insights into the onset of big mantle wedge beneath the North China Craton

The onset of the big mantle wedge(BMW)structure beneath the North China Craton remains debated.Research on the genesis of Late Mesozoic granites associated with gold deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula above the BMW could provide fresh insights into this question.The monzogranite from the Zhaoxian-Shaling gold district was intruded during 154-148 Ma.This I-type granite has high-K calc-alkaline and metaluminous characteristics.The monzogranite formed at medium temperatures(718-770℃)and was generated in a thickened lower crust at depths within the stability field of garnet.The monzogranite’s high zircon Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)and Eu_(N)/Eu_(N)^(*)values and low FeOT/MgO ratios,suggest that it formed in a high oxygen environment.Its variableε_(Hf)(t)values with T_(DM2)of 1.93-2.87 Ga imply that it originated from the melting of ancient crust basement,with contributions from mantle-derived materials.The granite’s enrichment in LREEs and LILEs,and depletion in HREEs and HFSEs,along with its trace element tectonic discrimination diagrams and medium Sr/Y,indicate an adakite affinity in an active continental margin setting.The transition from S-type granites to I-type granites and finally to A-type granites observed in the eastern part of North China Craton suggests a shift in the tectonic environment from compression to extension.This change is also reflected in the transition from flat subduction to steep subduction.Therefore,the monzogranite was formed in a tectonic transition setting triggered by a change in the subduction angle of the PaleoPacific Ocean slab during the Late Jurassic.This event may have marked the initiation of the BMW above the North China Craton.

Efficacy and Safety of Iron Isomaltoside Compared with an Oral Iron Supplement in the Management of Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia

Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcome of iron isomaltoside compared with an oral iron supplement in the management of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Methods: The study included patients with IDA who visited the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from October 2021 to August 2022 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the actual application of iron supplementation, the patients were divided into two groups: iron isomaltoside treatment group and oral iron treatment group. Baseline measurements were collected before the start of treatment, and measurements were collected subsequently at intervals of 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. The hematological parameters analyzed included Hemoglobin (Hb), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Hemoglobin content (MCH), Mean corpuscular Hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and Platelet (Plt). Safety data and adverse event profiles were recorded. Results: Intra-group comparisons: After 1 month of treatment, the Hb significantly improved (P 0.05). Inter-group comparisons: The biochemical parameters were significantly improved (P 0.05) in the iron isomaltoside group compared with those in the oral iron group after 1 month of iron supplementation in patients with mild and moderate anemia. Adverse reactions were tolerable for the patients in both iron isomaltoside group and oral iron group. Only 1 patient in iron isomaltoside group developed anaphylactic shock during medication and recovered after aggressive rescue. Conclusions: Iron isomaltoside which increases Hb more rapidly compared with the oral iron supplementation has few adverse reactions and good acceptance.

类乙二胺四乙酸螯合纤维素及其对水中重金属离子的吸附性能

为了改善纤维素对重金属的吸附去除性能,文中采用高碘酸钠选择性氧化纤维制得双醛纤维素,通过Schiff碱反应,将乙二胺接枝到纤维素骨架,再将溴乙酸取代到氨基上,获得含有氮和氧配位原子的类乙二胺四乙酸螯合纤维素(EDTA-CL)。表征了其形貌和结构,考察了其对水中Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附性能。EDTA-CL吸附Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的最佳pH范围为4.5~6;EDTA-CL对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附在20 min内达到了平衡;EDTA-CL对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附容量分别为236.1 mg/g和382.6 mg/g,氮和氧配位原子的引入大大提高了对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附容量;EDTA-CL对Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)的吸附过程符合Langmuir和准二级动力学模型;EDTA-CL可以重复多次使用。

大口径单井注抽试验求参过程中井底流和混溶效应的综合影响

单井注抽(single-well push-pull,SWPP)试验因其成本低、周期短以及操作简单的优点,被广泛用于求取含水层弥散度等水文地质参数。依托干旱半干旱区常用的大口径井开展SWPP试验,常面临井底流渗漏和井筒混溶效应共同的影响。为此,本研究构建了同时考虑井底流和混溶效应的SWPP试验三阶段溶质运移模型,利用有限差分法对模型进行求解,并利用前人的渗流和溶质运移模型解析解验证其准确性,随后依托该模型探究大口径井附近渗流特征及井尺寸对SWPP试验的影响机制。研究结果表明:(1)新提出的考虑井底流的SWPP试验模型对抽水过程降深以及井壁处溶质运移过程的刻画,同前人解析解匹配良好,表明了该模型构建及求解的准确性;(2)随着井筛长度的逐渐减小,井底流对含水层整体流场的影响程度逐渐增大,流场从径向逐渐转变为球形流场;(3)粗井径相比细井径,注入阶段井中的溶质BTC(Breakthrough curve,穿透曲线)值更小,但抽出阶段的溶质BTC更大,井中混溶过程相比井底渗漏过程对SWPP试验的影响更为显著;(4)当井深小到井径的一半左右时产生类球形流场,井底的渗漏过程相比混溶过程对SWPP试验可能存在更为显著的影响;(5)对于本研究设置的模拟场景,即使不存在井底流,前人的解析解由于忽略井筒混溶,对弥散度的解译仍存在152.5%的误差,而随着井底埋深逐渐减小,井底流导致前人解析解的误差也逐渐增大。

基于切片采样-马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛模拟的高比例新能源电力系统等效惯量概率评估

风电、光伏新能源发电功率的不确定性给高比例新能源电力系统的等效惯量评估带来了新的挑战。基于确定性的惯量评估方法不能有效反映全分析时段高比例新能源电力系统惯量的时序变化态势。为了评估新能源波动所引起的系统惯量不确定性,该文提出了一种基于切片采样–马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛模拟(slice sample Markov chain Monte Carlo,S-MCMC)的系统等效惯量概率评估方法。首先,对高比例新能源电力系统惯量组成及特性进行了分析,并对同步旋转设备的有效机械惯量、风电光伏电源的有效虚拟惯量进行量化计算。然后,基于Copula函数建立风速和光照强度之间的相关性模型,利用S-MCMC对系统等效惯量进行概率评估,从而得到系统等效惯量时序变化区间。最后,以改进的IEEE 39节点系统进行仿真分析,验证了所提出方法及分析结果的有效性。

基于轻量级卷积神经网络的转子碰摩故障诊断

随着非平稳信号的时频故障特征表示技术的优势以及卷积神经网络(CNN)的出现,转子碰摩故障诊断已经达到了高精度。然而,基于CNN的故障诊断方法有许多缺点,提出了一种基于轻量级卷积神经网络(GHSQNet)与时频图相结合的转子碰摩故障诊断方法。该方法能够在保证故障诊断精度的同时占用更小的内存。实验结果表明,与其他轻量级卷积神经网络相比,提出的模型性能表现更加优越。识别准确率达到了99.39%,而模型大小只有1.07 MB,在移动端有很高的实用价值。

HBV相关肝病患者外周血T细胞及细胞因子水平研究

背景乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)相关慢性肝病患者外周血T细胞及细胞因子水平与患者免疫功能状态密切相关,不同疾病程度的HBV相关肝病患者的T细胞、细胞因子水平及与肝病阶段的相关性值得进一步探究.目的探究不同阶段HBV相关慢性肝病患者外周血T细胞亚群计数、细胞因子变化特点及关联性.方法本研究为一项观察性研究,共纳入慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者65例,肝硬化失代偿期(decompensated cirrhosis,DCC)患者122例,肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者109例,收集患者一般信息、病史、治疗情况及实验室检查结果、Child-Paugh分级及HCC患者肿瘤巴塞罗那分期,分析各项指标,尤其是T细胞亚群计数及细胞因子的组间差异及特征.结果HBV相关肝硬化、HCC患者外周血CD8^(+)T细胞水平与Child分级A到C呈负相关.HCC患者CD8^(+)T细胞绝对计数显著低于DCC[240(150-379)cells/μLvs 277(154-435)cells/μL,P<0.05]及CHB[240(150-379)cells/μL vs 452(269-706)cells/μL,P<0.001]患者.白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α在HCC组均最高.DCC、HCC患者Child-Paugh分级越差,CD3^(+)、CD8^(+)T细胞水平越低,IL-6水平越高.HCC患者CD3^(+)、CD8^(+)T细胞水平随着肿瘤巴塞罗那分期由A到D呈下降趋势,IL-6呈上升趋势.且肝硬化、HCC患者CD3^(+)(r=-0.340,P<0.001)、CD8^(+)(r=-0.353,P<0.001)T细胞水平与IL-6升高水平呈显著负相关.结论HBV相关肝硬化、HCC患者外周血CD8^(+)T细胞计数与Child分级(由A到C)呈负相关,且IL-6水平与CD8^(+)T细胞计数存在负相关关系.

Discontinuity development patterns and the challenges for 3D discrete fracture network modeling on complicated exposed rock surfaces

Natural slopes usually display complicated exposed rock surfaces that are characterized by complex and substantial terrain undulation and ubiquitous undesirable phenomena such as vegetation cover and rockfalls.This study presents a systematic outcrop research of fracture pattern variations in a complicated rock slope,and the qualitative and quantitative study of the complex phenomena impact on threedimensional(3D)discrete fracture network(DFN)modeling.As the studies of the outcrop fracture pattern have been so far focused on local variations,thus,we put forward a statistical analysis of global variations.The entire outcrop is partitioned into several subzones,and the subzone-scale variability of fracture geometric properties is analyzed(including the orientation,the density,and the trace length).The results reveal significant variations in fracture characteristics(such as the concentrative degree,the average orientation,the density,and the trace length)among different subzones.Moreover,the density of fracture sets,which is approximately parallel to the slope surface,exhibits a notably higher value compared to other fracture sets across all subzones.To improve the accuracy of the DFN modeling,the effects of three common phenomena resulting from vegetation and rockfalls are qualitatively analyzed and the corresponding quantitative data processing solutions are proposed.Subsequently,the 3D fracture geometric parameters are determined for different areas of the high-steep rock slope in terms of the subzone dimensions.The results show significant variations in the same set of 3D fracture parameters across different regions with density differing by up to tenfold and mean trace length exhibiting differences of 3e4 times.The study results present precise geological structural information,improve modeling accuracy,and provide practical solutions for addressing complex outcrop issues.

Degradable magnesium alloy suture promotes fibrocartilaginous interface regeneration in a rat rotator cuff transosseous repair model

Despite transosseous rotator cuff tear repair using sutures is widely accepted for tendon-bone fixation,the fibrocartilaginous enthesis regeneration is still hardly achieved with the traditional sutures.In the present work,degradable magnesium(Mg)alloy wire was applied to suture supraspinatus tendon in a rat acute rotator cuff tear model with Vicryl Plus 4±0 absorbable suture as control.The shoulder joint humerus-supraspinatus tendon complex specimens were retrieved at 4,8,and 12 weeks after operation.The Mg alloy suture groups showed better biomechanical properties in terms of ultimate load to failure.Gross observation showed that hyperplastic response of the scar tissue at the tendon-bone interface is progressively alleviated over time in the both Mg alloy suture and Vicryl suture groups.In the histological analysis,for Mg alloy suture groups,chondrocytes appear to proliferate at 4 weeks postoperatively,and the tendon-bone interface showed an orderly structural transition zone at 8 weeks postoperatively.The collagenous fiber tended to be aligned and the tendon-bone interlocking structures apparently formed,where transitional structure from unmineralized fibrocartilage to mineralized fibrocartilage was closer to the native fibrocartilaginous enthesis.In vivo degradation of the magnesium alloy wire was completed within 12 weeks.The results indicated that Mg alloy wire was promising as degradable suture with the potential to promotes fibrocartilaginous interface regeneration in rotator cuff repair.

多尺度特征与注意力检测头的轻量化FOD检测

针对现阶段机场跑道异物碎片(FOD)目标检测算法存在的缺陷,进行了降低参数量和提高精度的改进。以你只看一次(YOLO)v5s目标检测算法为基础,提出多尺度特征与注意力检测头的轻量化FOD检测算法。首先,提出一种全新的轻量化网络结构。该结构使用深度可分离卷积和逐点卷积,并设计大卷积核架构,使模型感受野提升,从而解决大量特征图冗余问题。接着,融合多尺度特征图。通过移除大目标检测层、增加小目标检测层,在提升小目标检测能力的同时降低网络参数量。最后,提出一种动态头部框架来统一目标检测头和注意力,通过连贯地结合多个自注意力机制,进一步提升了网络检测精度。试验结果表明:所提出的使用鬼影卷积大卷积核架构下的多尺度特征注意力检测头的YOLOv5s(GRD-YOLOv5s)网络的参数量减少为3.39 MB,仅为原网络的48%;平均检测精度从98.40%提升至99.45%;检测速度为53.42帧/秒。该网络的提出为实现对小目标的准确检测提供了新思路。

排球运动员接扣球知觉预测认知加工特征研究:来自眼动和fNIRS的关联证据

知觉预测是决定运动技能水平的关键因素,高水平运动员可能存在知觉预测优势,但运动经验促进知觉预测的眼-脑交互加工机制尚需进一步探索。本研究选取排球比赛视频材料,利用眼动和功能性近红外光谱成像技术探查不同水平排球运动员在接扣球知觉预测过程中的行为表现及大脑认知加工特征。结果发现,专家组正确率显著大于新手组,反应时显著短于新手组。专家组瞳孔直径和眼跳幅度均显著小于新手组。专家组左侧腹外侧前额叶、左侧背外侧前额叶和右侧背外侧前额叶的激活水平显著低于新手组,右侧背外侧前额叶激活水平和瞳孔直径呈显著正相关,左侧腹外侧前额叶激活水平和瞳孔直径与眼跳幅度呈显著正相关。结果表明,高水平排球运动员具有知觉预测优势,长期排球训练促进了视觉与大脑信息加工的快速耦合。

低剂量沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠联合酒石酸美托洛尔治疗扩张型心肌病心力衰竭的有效性

目的:探讨低剂量沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠联合酒石酸美托洛尔治疗扩张型心肌病心力衰竭的有效性。方法:选取2021年1月—2023年1月新余钢铁集团有限公司中心医院收治的76例扩张型心肌病心力衰竭患者,随机分为对照组(n=36)、观察组(n=40)。对照组采用酒石酸美托洛尔治疗,观察组采用低剂量沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠联合酒石酸美托洛尔治疗。比较两组临床疗效、心功能指标、血清学指标及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组左心室射血分数(LVEF)、每搏输出量(SV)水平均高于对照组,左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)及血清N-末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:低剂量沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠联合酒石酸美托洛尔治疗扩张型心肌病心力衰竭临床效果确切,能有效改善患者心功能及血清学指标,且未增加不良反应发生率。

基于GEE平台和多源遥感数据的五指山森林地上碳储量评估

随着国家“双碳”目标的提出,森林地上碳储量的快速评估已经成为研究热点。以海南省五指山市为研究区,结合谷歌地球引擎(GEE),利用公开的Landsat 8影像和Sentinel-2影像为主要数据源,使用多元线性回归、支持向量机、BP神经网络、RBF神经网络和随机森林5种拟合算法,构建五指山市森林地上碳储量快速估测模型。结果显示:1)通过遥感因子与森林地上碳储量的相关性分析可知,遥感因子与森林地上碳储量主要呈非线性关系,因而选用非线性的数据模型建模效果更理想;2)通过5种遥感估测模型精度的比较分析,随机森林模型的表现最佳,精度最高(R^(2)=0.639,RMSE=20.890);3)比较Landsat 8影像、Sentinel-2影像以及两者结合使用的模型精度,发现两者结合情况下的模型拟合效果最理想,说明两种数据之间具有互补性;4)五指山市碳密度的空间分布特点为东部、南部、北部森林保护区碳密度大,中部、西部城区碳密度小,与遥感影像显示的植被分布情况基本一致。以上结果说明,利用多源遥感数据和多种模型可以有效提升碳储量估测方法的精度,得到森林地上碳储量的快速估测方法,为海南岛热带雨林生态碳循环和碳汇研究提供科学依据。

辐射防护系统就地处理显示单元调试及评价

中国先进研究堆(CARR)辐射监测系统运行多年,运行可靠性降低,通过升级改造提高了CARR辐射监测系统的可靠性和维护维修的便利性。文章通过对改造后的就地处理显示单元和调试方法进行介绍,评价其调试结果,为其他反应堆辐射监测系统改造、调试提供参考。

Evolution of interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb521/GH99 brazed joints using Ti-35Ni filler alloy

The dissimilar brazing of Nb521 niobium alloy to GH99 superalloy was achieved successfully using Ti–35Ni brazing filler under vacuum.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time were systematically analyzed on the interfacial microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of joints.The joints brazed at 1120℃ for 10 min exhibited a typical interfacial structure composed of Nb521/β-(Nb,Ti)+TiNi/TiNi+Ti_(2)Ni/TiNi+TiNi_(3)/Cr-rich TiNi/Ti-rich(Ni,Cr)_(ss)/(Ni,Cr)_(ss)/GH99.The findings indicated that as the brazing temperature or holding time increased,the presence of brittle Ti_(2)Ni compounds decreased while the formation of TiNi_(3) gradually increased and tended to coarsen.The shear strength of joints exhibited variations corresponding to changes in interfacial brittle compound,and reached the highest value of 121 MPa at 1120℃ for 10 min.In the context of shear testing,all joints displayed clear brittle fracture patterns,with fractures predominantly occurring at the brittle compounds,namely,Ti_(2)Ni and TiNi_(3) phases.

Geographical Distribution of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in China and Its Response to Emission Control Policy

Atmospheric nitrogen(N)deposition has experienced significant change because of anthropogenic emissions,thereby exerting a pronounced impact on global ecosystem services.With the rapid development of industry and agriculture and the swift expansion of urban areas in China since the 1980s,reactive nitrogen(Nr)emissions and N deposition have substantially increased.In pursuit of im-proving air quality,China has implemented a series of environmental protection policies and undertaken diverse measures to reduce pol-lutant emissions.This paper is a review of multivariate data sources of atmospheric N deposition based on the results of literature from 1980 to 2023,and the original data from 1980 to 2020 are summarized,counted and calculated.The main findings are as follows:1)the annual average atmospheric N deposition ranged from approximately 20-40 kg/(ha·yr),with the variability primarily linked to different assessment methods;2)regional disparities were evident in the spatial distribution of N deposition,with elevated values concentrated in areas with intense Nr emissions;3)atmospheric N deposition significantly declined after 2010,particularly the deposition of oxidized N,while reduced N deposition remained stable.These results reflect the effects of China's serious control policies on nitrogen oxide(NO.)emissions and strengthen the importance of agricultural NH3 emission mitigation.This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the N dynamics in the emission-deposition process,and provides a scientific foundation for the research of environmental protection,climate change,and sustainable development.

A LiDAR Point Clouds Dataset of Ships in a Maritime Environment

For the first time, this article introduces a LiDAR Point Clouds Dataset of Ships composed of both collected and simulated data to address the scarcity of LiDAR data in maritime applications. The collected data are acquired using specialized maritime LiDAR sensors in both inland waterways and wide-open ocean environments. The simulated data is generated by placing a ship in the LiDAR coordinate system and scanning it with a redeveloped Blensor that emulates the operation of a LiDAR sensor equipped with various laser beams. Furthermore,we also render point clouds for foggy and rainy weather conditions. To describe a realistic shipping environment, a dynamic tail wave is modeled by iterating the wave elevation of each point in a time series. Finally, networks serving small objects are migrated to ship applications by feeding our dataset. The positive effect of simulated data is described in object detection experiments, and the negative impact of tail waves as noise is verified in single-object tracking experiments. The Dataset is available at https://github.com/zqy411470859/ship_dataset.

Correlation of personality with individual reproductive success in shrub-nesting birds depends on their life history style

Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain unresolved.We addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial intruder.Then,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy breeders.In the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy breeders.The reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and BL.The three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy individuals.By regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic acid.Therefore,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier counterparts.Aggressiveness is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could not.Although a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.

An improved TDE technique for derivation of 2D turbulence structures based on GPI data in toroidal plasma

This paper reports an improved time-delay estimation(TDE)technique for the derivation of turbulence structures based on gas-puff imaging data.The improved TDE technique,integrating an inverse timing search and hierarchical strategy,offers superior accuracy in calculating turbulent velocity field maps and analyzing blob dynamics,which has the power to obtain the radial profiles of equilibrium poloidal velocity,blob size and its radial velocity,even the fluctuation analysis,such as geodesic acoustic modes and quasi-coherent mode,etc.This improved technique could provide important 2D information for the study of edge turbulence and blob dynamics,advancing the understanding of edge turbulence physics in fusion plasmas.