显微镜结肠炎临床特征及其相关危险因素分析

目的分析慢性腹泻患者的临床、内镜及病理资料,探讨可能影响显微镜结肠炎(MC)的危险因素。方法前瞻性分析2016年6月-2017年4月该院门诊以水样腹泻为主诉患者的临床资料,常规结肠镜检查,多点取肠黏膜活检,行组织病理HE染色和Masson染色,对患者的病史及病理进行分析。结果 102例水样腹泻患者中诊断为MC 3例(3/102,2.94%),其中胶原性结肠炎(CC)3例,全部为女性,年龄24~36岁,淋巴细胞性结肠炎(LC)0例。结肠镜下肠黏膜基本正常或仅表现为轻度的充血水肿;病理组织学表现为上皮细胞损伤,上皮内淋巴细胞增多,固有层炎症细胞浸润,上皮下胶原带增厚。近期服用降糖药、质子泵抑制剂(PPIs)、面食等因素可能与MC发病关系密切。结论 MC是慢性水样腹泻的重要原因,临床症状及结肠镜表现均无特异性,慢性腹泻患者应尽早行结肠镜下多点活检明确诊断,其发病可能与使用某些药物(如降糖药、PPIs)和某些食物(面筋)有关。

East Asian VLBI Network observations of active galactic nuclei jets:imaging with KaVA+Tianma+Nanshan

The East Asian Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI) Network(EAVN) is a rapidly evolving international VLBI array that is currently promoted under joint efforts among China,Japan and Korea.EAVN aims at forming a joint VLBI Network by combining a large number of radio telescopes distributed over East Asian regions.After the combination of the Korean VLBI Network(KVN) and the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry(VERA) into Ka VA,further expansion with the joint array in East Asia is actively promoted.Here we report the first imaging results(at 22 and 43 GHz) of bright radio sources obtained with Ka VA connected to Tianma 65-m and Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescopes in China.To test the EAVN imaging performance for different sources,we observed four active galactic nuclei(AGN) having different brightness and morphology.As a result,we confirmed that the Tianma 65-m Radio Telescope(TMRT) significantly enhances the overall array sensitivity,a factor of 4 improvement in baseline sensitivity and 2 in image dynamic range compared to the case of Ka VA only.The addition of the Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescope(NSRT) further doubled the east-west angular resolution.With the resulting high-dynamic-range,high-resolution images with EAVN(Ka VA+TMRT+NSRT),various fine-scale structures in our targets,such as the counter-jet in M87,a kink-like morphology of the 3 C 273 jet and the weak emission in other sources are successfully detected.This demonstrates the powerful capability of EAVN to study AGN jets and to achieve other science goals in general.Ongoing expansion of EAVN will further enhance the angular resolution,detection sensitivity and frequency coverage of the network.

A nomogram based on age, prostate-specific antigen level, prostate volume and digital rectal examination for predicting risk of prostate cancer

Nomograms for predicting the risk of prostate cancer developed using other populations may introduce sizable bias when applied to a Chinese cohort. In the present study, we sought to develop a nomogram for predicting the probability of a positive initial prostate biopsy in a Chinese population. A total of 535 Chinese men who underwent a prostatic biopsy for the detection of prostate cancer in the past decade with complete biopsy data were included. Stepwise logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of a positive initial biopsy. Age, prostate-specific antigen （PSA）, prostate volume （PV）, digital rectal examination （DRE） status, % free PSA and transrectal ultrasound （TRUS） findings were included in the analysis. A nomogram model was developed that was based on these independent predictors to calculate the probability of a positive initial prostate biopsy. A receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to assess the accuracy of using the nomogram and PSA levels alone for predicting positive prostate biopsy. The rate for positive initial prostate biopsy was 41.7% （223/535）. The independent variables used to predict a positive initial prostate biopsy were age, PSA, PV and DRE status. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for a positive initial prostate biopsy for PSA alone and the nomogram were 79.7% and 84.8%, respectively. Our results indicate that the risk of a positive initial prostate biopsy can be predicted to a satisfactory level in a Chinese population using our nomogram. The nomogram can be used to identify and counsel patients who should consider a prostate biopsy, ultimately enhancing accuracy in diagnosing prostate cancer.

Effects of nuclear factor-kappaB on rat hepatocyte regeneration and apoptosis after 70% portal branch ligation

AIM： To detect the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappaB （NF-KB） in rat hepatocyte and to investigate the effects of NF-KB on rat hepatocyte regeneration and apoptosis after 70% portal branch Iigation. METHODS： Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and portal branch ligation group. The animals were killed 12 h, 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 d after surgery to determine the contents of plasma ALT. Hepatocytes were isolated and nuclear protein was extracted. DNA binding activity of NF-KB was measured by ENSA. Hepatocyte regeneration and apoptosis were observed under microscope by TUNEL staining. The ultrastructural changes of liver were observed under electron microscope. RESULTS： Seventy percent portal branch ligation produced atrophy of the ligated lobes and the perfused lobes underwent compensatory regeneration, the total liver weight and plasma ALT levels were maintained at the level of sham-operated animals throughout the experiment. After 2 d of portal branch ligation, DNA binding activity of NF-KB in hepatocyte increased and reached its peak, the number of apoptotic hepatocyte in the ligated lobes and the number of mitotic hepatocyte in the perfused lobes also reached their peak. Typical apoptotic changes and evident fibrotic changes in the ligated lobes were observed under electron microscope. CONCLUSION： After 70% portal branch ligation, DNA binding activity of NF-KB in hepatocyte is significantly increased and NF-KB plays an important role in hepatocyte regeneration and apoptosis.

Hepatopulmonary metastases from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)is the most common endocrine malignancy.Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC)accounts for the majority of PTC cases.However,concurrent pulmonary and hepatic metastases of PTMC are rarely seen.Here,we present a patient with coexisting liver and lung metastases from PTMC.CASE SUMMARY We describe a 26-year-old woman with PTMC with multiple concurrent metastases.After 3 d of unexplained fever,she was admitted to our hospital.Her thyroid functional tests were abnormal.Her positron emission tomography(PET)/magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)examination showed increased fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)metabolism and space-occupying lesions in the left lobe of the thyroid.Additionally,PET/MRI images revealed multiple nodules in the lung and liver with increased FDG metabolism.Chest computer tomography(CT)showed multiple pulmonary metastases.Abdominal ultrasound and liver MRI showed multiple space-occupying lesions in the liver.The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and central lymph node dissection.Postoperative pathological analysis showed a papillary microcarcinoma multiplex in the left lobe of the thyroid.A diagnosis of hepatopulmonary metastases from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma was made.The patient was given iodine-131 treatment one year after the surgery.She recovered well after the operation,and the incision healed well.After discharge,she was treated with oral levothyroxine sodium tablets,and symptomatic and supportive treatments were also given to promote radioactive excretion and prevent bone marrow suppression by iodine-131 treatment.CONCLUSION Since patients with thyroid cancer concurrent with hepatopulmonary metastases have rarely been reported,our case will highlight the clinical and pathological profiles of these patients.

A Novel Low-frequency Radio Astronomical Observation Array(1~90 MHz)and its First Light

The extremely low frequency(f<40 MHz)is a very important frequency band for modern radio astronomy observations.It is also a key frequency band for solar radio bursts,planetary radio bursts,fast radio bursts detected in the lunar space electromagnetic environment,and the Earth’s middle and upper atmosphere with low dispersion values.In this frequency band,the solar stellar activity,the early state of the universe,and the radiation characteristics of the planetary magnetosphere and plasma layer can be explored.Since there are few observations with effective spatial resolution in the extremely low frequency,it is highly possible to discover unknown astronomical phenomena on such a band in the future.In conjunction with low frequency radio observation on the far side of the Moon,we initially set up a novel low-frequency radio array in the Qitai station of Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory deep in Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang,China on 2021 August 23.The array covers an operating frequency range of 1~90 MHz with a sensitivity of-78 dBm/125kHz,a dynamic range of 72 dB,and a typical gain value of 6 dBi,which can realize unattended all-weather observations.The two antennas due south of the Qitai Low-Frequency Radio Array were put into trial observations on 2021 May 28,and the very quiet electromagnetic environment of the station has been confirmed.So far,many solar radio bursts and other foreign signals have been detected.The results show that this novel low frequency radio array has the advantages of good performance,strong direction,and high antenna efficiency.It can play a unique role in Solar Cycle 25,and has a potential value in prospective collaborative observation between the Earth and space for extremely low frequency radio astronomy.

Analysis of the spanwise vortex of open channel flows based on the Omega-Liutex vortex identification method

In this paper, a particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) system of high-temporal-spatial resolution is used to investigate the spanwise vortex distribution of fully developed turbulent flows in an open channel and its relationship with the turbulence. The distributions of the time-averaged velocity, the turbulence intensity and the Reynolds stress are obtained in the longitudinal profile. The third-generation vortex identification method (based on the Omega-Liutex vector) is applied to accurately identify and analyze the vortex in the spanwise direction. The results suggest that the vortex density increases with the Reynolds number at a given aspect ratio (B / H) of the flow. The distribution trend of the spanwise vortex density in the vertical direction remains unchanged for different discharges. Specifically, the vortex density increases along the vertical direction and reaches the peak at y / H = 0.15, then decreases and reaches the bottoms at the flow surface.

Phase Ⅲ trial of docetaxel cisplatin 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy for resectable oral cancer suggests favorable pathological response as a surrogate endpoint for good therapeutic outcome

Dear Editor,Induction chemotherapy has been utilized for decades in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).The docetaxel,cisplatin,5-fluorouracil(TPF)regimen is the most recommended induction chemotherapy regimen forHNSCC and oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)[1].However,our initial phase Ⅲ trial failed to demonstrate a significant survival benefit of TPF induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced OSCC[2].

A Character Flow Framework for Multi-Oriented Scene Text Detection

Scene text detection plays a significant role in various applications,such as object recognition,document management,and visual navigation.The instance segmentation based method has been mostly used in existing research due to its advantages in dealing with multi-oriented texts.However,a large number of non-text pixels exist in the labels during the model training,leading to text mis-segmentation.In this paper,we propose a novel multi-oriented scene text detection framework,which includes two main modules:character instance segmentation(one instance corresponds to one character),and character flow construction(one character flow corresponds to one word).We use feature pyramid network(FPN)to predict character and non-character instances with arbitrary directions.A joint network of FPN and bidirectional long short-term memory(BLSTM)is developed to explore the context information among isolated characters,which are finally grouped into character flows.Extensive experiments are conducted on ICDAR2013,ICDAR2015,MSRA-TD500 and MLT datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.The F-measures are 92.62%,88.02%,83.69%and 77.81%,respectively.

Lung Cancer with Diffuse Ground-glass Shadow in Two Lungs and Respiratory Failure

INTRODUCTION Pulmonary ground-glass shadow is a common clinical imaging manifestation shared by many pulmonary diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary fungal infection, parasitic infection, viral pneumonia, and heart failure. Some of the lung cancers, especially lung adenocarcinoma,