Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine compound in the treatment of gout based on intestinal flora

Because of the continuous improvement of the quality of life,the population of gout patients is also increasing,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Traditional Chinese medicine compound has a long history and remarkable clinical effect in treating gout patients,and has been widely used.Intestinal flora and its metabolites are the focus of current research,which can promote intestinal mucosal barrier,improve immunity and improve metabolism.The regulation of intestinal flora can reduce serum uric acid and inhibit inflammation to fight gouty arthritis.Moreover,the mechanism of intestinal flora is related to the spleen in Chinese medicine theory.Therefore,this study discusses the research mechanism and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine compound in treating gout by regulating intestinal flora,and provides theoretical basis for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine and the expansion of new dosage forms.

基于机器学习方法的流体机械气动优化设计研究现状及展望

随着机器学习方法的不断发展,形成了各类算法,已有学者将其应用于流体机械的流动计算、流动控制以及优化设计。以深度学习为代表的机器学习方法具有强大的归纳学习能力,能够自主进行特征学习,不仅可以直接利用实验和数值模拟数据,从中挖掘出潜在的流场信息,更可以在优化设计过程中实现自适应的设计参数探索,以实现快速、鲁棒、全局且高效的优化,因此可以作为一种全新的流体机械优化设计方法。本文概述了流体机械气动优化的现状、机器学习方法的研究现状、机器学习在流动计算、流动控制以及流体机械优化设计中的应用现状,并指出了深度学习在流体机械优化设计上的应用前景。

基于控制速度分布的离心风机系统优化设计方法研究

在基于控制速度分布的离心叶轮优化设计方法基础上,建立了前盘子午面成型和蜗壳设计方法,形成了离心风机的优化设计系统。在前盘子午面成型时,用叶片型线与叶轮进口直径和叶片进口角相结合进行优化,使总体参数优化、前盘子午型线及叶片成型三者有机结合。蜗壳设计中考虑了粘性影响,使蜗壳的设计更加高效实用。使用C语言将优化系统编写成程序,并对某型号风机进行优化设计,结果表明,在全工况下优化后的风机效率有明显提高,说明本文建立的离心通风机优化设计方法是可行的。

Laterally spreading tumor-like primary rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Colorectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is a rare disease,and only a few cases have been reported to date.It has no specific clinical presentations and shows various endoscopic appearances.There is no uniform consensus on its treatment.With the advancement of endoscopic technology,endoscopic treatment has achieved better results in individual case reports of early-stage patients.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of rectal MALT in a 57-year-old Chinese man with no symptoms who received endoscopy as part of a routine physical examination,which incidentally found a 25 mm×20 mm,laterally spreading tumor(LST)-like elevated lesion in the rectum.Therefore,he was referred to our hospital for further endoscopic treatment.Complete and curable removal of the tumor was performed by endoscopic submucosal dissection.We observed enlarged and dilated branch-like vessels similar to those of gastric MALT lymphoma on magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging.And immunopathological staining showed hyperplastic capillaries in the mucosa.Histopathological findings revealed diffusely hyperplastic lymphoid tissue in the lamina propria,with a visible lymphoid follicle structure surrounded by a large number of diffusely infiltrated lymphoid cells that had a relatively simple morphology and clear cytoplasm.In addition,immunohistochemical analysis suggested strongly positive expression for CD20 and Bcl-2.Gene rearrangement results showed positivity for IGH-A,IGH-C,IGK-B,and IGL.Taking all the above findings together,we arrived at a diagnosis of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT lymphoma. Positron emission tomography-computed tomographyexamination showed no other lesions involved. The patient will be followed byperiodic endoscopic observation.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, we report a case of rectal MALT with an LST-like appearancetreated by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Further studies will be needed toexplore the clinical behavior, endoscopic appearance, and treatment of rectalMALT.

正常眼压性青光眼患者视盘区血管密度与视野指数和视野损伤形态的关系

目的:研究正常眼压性青光眼(NTG)视盘区血管密度变化与青光眼视野指数(VFI)和视野损伤形态分期的关系。方法:选取我院2018-12/2020-12 NTG患者106例106眼和原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者79例79眼进行横断面研究,其中双眼病变者采用随机数字表选取1眼为样本,同时选取我院健康体检者92名为对照组,三组均完成视盘血管密度、VFI检测和视野缺损形态分期,然后分析视盘血管密度与VFI和视野缺损形态分期的关系。结果:POAG组眼压明显高于NTG组和对照组(P<0.05);NTG组和POAG组视盘区全区域血管密度、大血管密度和毛细血管密度均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),无血管区密度均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),且NTG组和POAG组各项指标比较有差异(P<0.05);NTG组和POAG组VFI均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),视野平均缺损(MD)明显高于对照组(P<0.05),且NTG组和POAG组VFI和MD比较无差异(P>0.05);随着视野缺损形态分期增加,NTG患者视盘全区域血管密度和毛细血管密度呈明显降低趋势(P<0.05);NTG患者视盘全区域血管密度和毛细血管密度与VFI呈正相关性,与视野缺损形态分期呈负相关性,无血管区密度与VFI呈负相关性,与视野缺损形态分期呈正相关性(均P<0.05)。结论:NTG患者视盘血管密度较POAG患者和正常人群明显降低,且与VFI和视野缺损形态分期存在明显相关性,其中以毛细血管密度相关程度最高,可见OCTA对NTG诊断、治疗和随访均具有重要临床意义。

Particle transport behavior in air channel flow with multi-group Lagrangian tracking

The particle motions of dispersion and transport in air channel flow are investigated using a large eddy simulation（LES） and Lagrangian trajectory method. The mean and fluctuating velocities of the fluids and particles are obtained,and the results are in good agreement with the data in the literature. Particle clustering is observed in the near-wall and low-speed regions. To reveal the evolution process and mechanism of particle dispersion and transport in the turbulent boundary layer, a multi-group Lagrangian tracking is applied when the two-phase flow has become fully developed： the fluid fields are classified into four sub-regions based on the flow characteristics, and particles in the turbulent region are divided accordingly into four groups when the gas–particle flow is fully developed. The spatiotemporal transport of the four groups of particles is then tracked and analyzed. The detailed relationship between particle dispersion and turbulent motion is investigated and discussed.

Three-dimensional turbulent flow over cube-obstacles

In order to investigate the influence of surface roughness on turbulent flow and examine the wall-similarity hypothesis of Townsend, three-dimensional numerical study of turbulent channel flow over smooth and cube-rough walls with different roughness height has been carried out by using large eddy simulation（LES） coupled with immersed boundary method（IBM）. The effects of surface roughness array on mean and fluctuating velocity profiles, Reynolds shear stress, and typical coherent structures such as quasi-streamwise vortices（QSV） in turbulent channel flow are obtained. The significant influences on turbulent fluctuations and structures are observed in roughness sub-layer（five times of roughness height）.However, no dramatic modification of the log-law of the mean flow velocity and turbulence fluctuations can be found by surface cube roughness in the outer layer. Therefore, the results support the wall-similarity hypothesis. Moreover, the von Karman constant decreases with the increase of roughness height in the present simulation results. Besides, the larger size of QSV and more intense ejections are induced by the roughness elements, which is crucial for heat and mass transfer enhancement.

Gastrointestinal amyloidosis in a patient with smoldering multiple myeloma:A case report

BACKGROUND Smoldering multiple myeloma(SMM)is an asymptomatic plasma cell proliferative disorder that can progress to multiple myeloma(MM).Amyloidosis(light chain)(AL)is the most common form of systemic amyloidosis.There are few reports of SMM coexisting with AL involving the digestive tract.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old woman presented with lower limb edema,abdominal distension,abdominal pain,and hematochezia.Gastroscopy showed gastric retention,gastric angler mucosal coarseness,hyperemia,and mild oozing of blood.Colonoscopy showed hyperemic and edematous mucosa of the distal ascending colon and sigmoid colon with the presence of multiple round and irregular ulcers,submucosal ecchymosis,and hematoma.Gastric and colonic tissue biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of AL by positive Congo red staining.MM was confirmed by bone marrow biopsy and immunohistochemistry.The patient had no hypercalcemia,renal dysfunction,anemia,bone lesions or biomarkers of malignancy defined as plasma cells>60%in bone marrow.Additionally,no elevated serum free light chain ratio,or presence of bone marrow lesions by magnetic resonance imaging(SLiM criteria)were detected.The patient was finally diagnosed with SMM coexisting with AL.She received chemotherapy and was discharged when the symptoms were relieved.She is doing well at nearly five years of follow up.CONCLUSION This case highlights that high index of suspicion is required to diagnose gastrointestinal AL.It should be suspected in elderly patients with endoscopic findings of granular-appearing mucosa,ecchymosis,and submucosal hematoma.Timely diagnosis and appropriate therapy can help to improve the prognosis of these patients.

Carotid blowout syndrome caused by chronic infection:A case report

BACKGROUND Carotid blowout syndrome(CBS)refers to rupture of the extracranial carotid artery and its branches;as a severe complication,it usually occurs after surgery or radiotherapy for malignant tumours of the head and neck.We present a case of CBS caused by chronic infection of the external carotid artery(ECA).In this case,we did not find any evidence of head and neck tumours.CASE SUMMARY A 42-year-old man was referred to the Emergency Department with a complaint of a lump found on the left side of his neck with pain and fever for 4 d.We diagnosed the condition as neck infection with abscess formation based on physical examination,routine blood examination,ultrasound examination and plain computed tomography(CT)and decided to perform emergency surgery.During the operation,30 mL of grey and smelly pus was drained from the deep surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.The second day after the operation,the patient suddenly exhibited a large amount of haemoptysis and incision bleeding.The enhanced CT showed distal occlusion of the left ECA and irregular thickening of the broken ends of the artery encased in an uneven enhancement of soft tissue density.Infected ECA occlusion and rupture were considered.The patient was transferred to a vascular unit for transcatheter ECA embolization and recovered well.CONCLUSION Surgeons need to pay attention to vascular lesions caused by chronic infection that may develop into acute CBS.

Spinal cord injury in children caused by back-bend in dance

In recent years, with the continuous development and improvement of Quality Education policy in China, parents have paid more and more attention to physical, health and aesthetic education of children. Thus various dance training programs for young children are soaring, meanwhile, the number of relevant spinal cord injuries (SCIs) has gradually increased, especially for girls.1,2,3,4,5 According to the data from professor Xiao-Dong Guo (the director of Trauma Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), from 1992 to 2002, the number of children with SCIs caused by back-bend in dance accounted for only 4.0% of all children with SCIs, but it reached 33.9% from 2015 to 2019.

Genome-wide identification of the Sec-dependent secretory protease genes in Erwinia amylovora and analysis of their expression during infection of immature pear fruit

The general secretory(Sec)pathway represents a common mechanism by which bacteria secrete proteins,including virulence factors,into the extracytoplasmic milieu.However,there is little information about this system,as well as its associated secretory proteins,in relation to the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora.In this study,data mining revealed that E.amylovora harbors all of the essential components of the Sec system.Based on this information,we identified putative Sec-dependent secretory proteases in E.amylovora on a genome-wide scale.Using the programs SignalP,LipoP,and Phobius,a total of 15 putative proteases were predicted to contain the N-terminal signal peptides(SPs)that might link them to the Sec-dependent pathway.The activities of the predicted SPs were further ttvreaaalicsdyeta otgepelda nsuesmsi inicng cprarenoa psEeesrtdcy h.s eiTrgirncaihfniicsa carcniotplltiyi-obwnahasle enad nEaa.ll kyaaslmiensye lo spvhohorowas epwdh atasht aaust sete h(deP theoo xipAnr)o ecgsueslinaotene f iuofms i1 om1 na tosufyr steth epe em1 a t5 rh s,ae txs tcuroagcngfyeitrsomtipnelagd s ttmhhieecii rr pperoox---xL?tential roles in plant infection.The results of this study support the suggestion that E.amylovora might employ the Sec system to secrete a suite of proteases to enable successful infection of plants,and shed new light on the interaction of E.amylovora with host plants.

Editorial Emergency medicine for disaster rescue

The word “disaster” refers to a sudden environmental megaevo- lution which causes casualties, property loss and ecological dam- age. Disaster is defined by the WHO as an event that causes facility damage, human casualties, worsening conditions of health and sanitation, while the damage scale is beyond the control of local community and external aid is necessary.

What’s new in trauma 2020

Throughout the past 2020,the pandemic COVID-19 has caused a big global shock,meanwhile it brought a great impact on the public health network.Trauma emergency system faced a giant challenge and how to manage trauma under the pandemic of COVID-19 was widely discussed.However,the trauma treatment of special population(geriatric patients and patients taking anticoagulant drugs)has received inadequate attention.Due to the high mortality following severe traumatic hemorrhage,hemostasis and traumainduced coagulopathy are the important concerns in trauma treatment.Sepsis is another topic should not be ignored when we talking about trauma.COVID-19 itself is a special kind of sepsis,and it may even be called as serious systemic infection syndrome.Sepsis has been become a serious problem waiting to be solved urgently no matter in the fields of trauma,or in intensive care and infection,etc.This article reviewed the research progress in areas including trauma emergency care,trauma bleeding and coagulation,geriatric trauma and basic research of trauma within 2020.

New normal： From basic to clinical medicine

Since 1970s, there was a rapid development of basic medical science and technology such as molecular biology, but these new theories and technologies failed to achieve timely application in disease diagnosis and prevention, resulting in a huge gap between theory and practice, which was called the valley of death. Some examples are listed below：

Grain refining efficiency and mechanism of pure nickel

According to the selection principle of grain refiners and calculation of planar disregistries, CeO2 and TiB2 particles were selected as the grain refiners of pure nickel. The change of grain size and refining effects of different refiners under the same melting conditions were investigated. The results show that the grain size of pure nickel gradually reduces with increasing the amount of grain refiners. And with increasing the amount of CeO2 up to 0.7 wt%, the grain size of pure nickel decreases from 323.0 to 53.5 lm. In addition, when the amount of TiB2is0.7 wt%, the grain size is reduced to 41.3 lm.

Definition and application of precision medicine

In 2011, four major research institutes in America--Academy of Science, National Academy of Engineering, National Institutes of Health and National Science Foundation, released a joint research plan on precision medicine. In January 2015, President Obama announced a propose on research of precision medicine in State of the Union Address, aiming to cure and close to cure cancer, diabetes and other diseases, and obtain the medical records of individuals and families that they may need.

Establishment of trauma care system based on local conditions： Un imperative trend

Today the world is unstable with frequent incidence of local mil- itary conflicts, terrorist attacks, traffic accidents, and natural disasters, thus trauma has become one of the most important modern diseases threatening human health. Accompanying the proposed concept of golden 1 h and platinum 10 rain, trauma care has been closely con- cerned in the fields of disaster medicine, trauma medicine, and even modern medicine. Narrowly speaking, trauma care includes pre-hospital care and in-hospital care; but from the wide side trauma care should additionally cover the intensive care, functional rehabil- itation and psychological rehabilitation following trauma.

Progress in digital medicine

Chinese digital medicine society, a branch of Chinese medical association, was established and held its first academic annual meeting in Chongqing from May 21st to 23rd, 2011. In the following five years, five academic annual meetings have been held in Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, etc, with several publications of high-quality monographs like Digital Medicine Outline1 co-edited by Bo Zheng and Liang Minghui （People＇s Medical Publishing House, October 2009）; Introduction to Digital MedicineI co-edited by Zhang Shaoxiang, Tan Liwen, Li Lanjuan （Science Press, October 2015）; Digital Orthopedics2 edited by Pei Guoxian and Zhang Yuanzhi （Peoole＇s Medical Publishin~ House. lune 2009）. etc.

Macro and Micro Behaviors of Low Alloyed TRIP780 Steel with Different Biaxial Proportional Loading

To investigate the macro and micro behaviors of TRIP （transformation induced plasticity） steel under biaxial loading, experiment and finite element simulation were carried out for TRIP780 steel under proportional biaxial tension with displacement ratio of 1 ： 1, 2 ： 1, 3 ： 1 and 4 ： 1, respectively. The results show that cruciform specimens of TRIP780 steel fractured under proportional biaxial stretching when effective strain was about L 5 %, and fracture was always generated on the cross arm or cross links. During biaxial tension, stress and strain components in x and y directions of the center of the samples have the same nonlinear developing tendency, decreasing in one direction and increasing in another direction. Equal biaxial stretching stress state was helpful for retained austenite-martensite transformation than the other biaxial stress state. With increasing displacement ratio （DR） from 1 ： 1 to 4 ： 1, corresponding stress distributed unevenly on the yield ellipse from 30° to 60° in the first quadrant of stress space and corresponding retained austenite volume fraction distributed symmetrically in bow tie format.

Annual review of Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2020

The year 2020 is an extremely unusual year.The world lost more than one million lives due to the attack of COVID-19.Economic production has been greatly reduced,and daily activities are largely restricted.Luckily the work of Chinese Journal of Traumatology(CJTEE)has not been adversely affected.2020 is a harvest year for the journal,which(1)was included in the high-quality academic journals by China Association for Science and Technology;(2)cover of each issue is newly designed;(3)submission increased by about 60%with more countries and regions covered;(4)usage in the ScienceDirect database exceeded a million;(5)the CiteScore rises to more than 2.0 the first time.This study reviewed the articles published in the year 2020 by CJTEE.