A brand new green coating technology for realizing the regulation of spherical propellant energy release process

To achieve the controllable release of energy of nitrocellulose-based propellants,this paper combines the cellulose-based nanocomposites aqueous coating(Surelease®-NC)with fluidized bed coating equipment to successfully prepare the coated spherical propellant for the first time.The effects of fluidized bed coating temperature,air velocity,flow speed and atomization pressure on the adhesion rate,coating integrity and coating uniformity of the coated spherical propellant were investigated,and the preparation of coated spherical propellant with homogeneous size and structural integrity was achieved for the first time.The microscopic morphology,chemical structure,water vapor adsorption behavior,combustion performance,and ageing resistance property of the coated spherical propellant were systematically investigated by,Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Micro confocal raman spectrometer,field scanning electron microscopy(SEM),dynamic vapor adsorption techniques,and closed bomb test,confirming the surface core-shell structure and the tightly bonded interfacial structure of coated spherical propellant.Meanwhile,the coated spherical propellant has good hygroscopic,excellent progressive burning and long storage stability.

Three-dimensional hierarchical CuO gas sensor modified by Au nanoparticles

The three-dimensional hierarchical CuO and Au nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method, respectively. The hierarchical CuO and the Au nanoparticles samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscope, respectively. The as-synthesized CuO was assembled regularly from the nanosheets with thickness of 100 nm. The size of Au nanoparticles ranged from 50 to 200 nm. The hierarchical CuO gas sensors modified by different concentration of gold were fabricated. All the Au-loaded CuO gas sensors enhanced the response to ethanol and xylene while reducing the response to methanol, acetone, and formaldehyde. The results indicate that the Au nanoparticles prepared with PVP as surfactant can improve the selectivity of CuO gas sensors to ethanol gas for other common organic volatile gases. The improvement of gas sensing is mainly attributed to the different catalytic efficiency of the Au nanoparticles for different reactions. Meanwhile, the related mechanisms are discussed.

Study on Early Propagation Technology of Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

[Objectives] This study was conducted to study early reproduction techniques of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) in Jianghan Plain. [Methods] Parents of P. fulvidraco were cultured by the methods of artificial temperature control and nutrition enhancement. [Results] After culture, the body weight, gonad weight, maturity coefficient and egg diameter of P. fulvidraco increased gradually. Up to April 30, the gonad weight of the female parents of P. fulvidraco cultured in greenhouses was significantly higher than that of the parents under natural conditions(P<0.05), 54% higher than that of the parents naturally cultured at the same period;the maturity coefficient of the parents cultured under strengthened conditions was also significantly higher than that of the parents under natural conditions at the same period(P<0.05);and the ovaries of the strengthened parents were orange yellow and full of eggs, and the number of eggs per fish was relatively high. In early May, the parents cultured under strengthened conditions were induced to spawn artificially. The average induced spawning rate and fertilization rate reached 86.7% and 71.6%, respectively, reaching the respective normal level. The gonad maturity of P. fulvidraco cultured under strengthened conditions was 15 d earlier than that under natural conditions, resulting in mass production of early-propagated larvae of P. fulvidraco. [Conclusions] In Jianghan plain area, artificial propagation can be achieved in early May by means of artificial temperature control and strengthened culture, which is 20 d ahead of natural conditions.

Improvement of the conversion efficiency of Mg_(3)Sb_(2)thermoelectric devices through optimizing the resistivity of the MgSbNi barrier layer

Mg_(3)Sb_(2)-based thermoelectric materials have been the focus of widespread investigations as promising candidates for the harvesting of waste heat.Interface stability and service performance are key points for the commercial applications of these materials.We utilized Mg_(4.3)Sb_(3)Ni as a barrier layer to improve the thermal stability of Mg 3 Sb 2-based devices.However,its intrinsic high resistivity contributed nega-tively to the desired performance of the device.In this work,we investigated two other Mg-Sb-Ni ternary phases,MgSbNi and MgSbNi_(2),as new barrier layer materials to connect with Mg_(3.2)Sb_(2)Y_(0.05).The results show that the efficiency of the Mg_(1.2)SbNi/Mg_(3.2)Sb_(2)Y_(0.05)/Mg_(1.2)SbNi joint is increased by 33%relative to the higher Mg-content barriers due to lower resistivity.The system exhibited good interfacial compatibility and showed little change with aging at 673 K for 20 days.

Effect of Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‑Doped Graphene on the Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Performance of Co_(0.9)Cu_(0.1)Si Alloy

Co_(0.9)Cu_(0.1)Si alloy was prepared by mechanical alloying method.Nitrogen-doped graphene(NG)and nitrogen–sulfur codoped graphene(NSG)were prepared by hydrothermal method.5 wt%graphene oxide,NG and NSG were doped into Co_(0.9)Cu_(0.1)Si alloy,respectively,by ball milling to improve the electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of the composite material.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the composite material,and the LAND battery test system and three-electrode battery system were used to test the electrochemical performance of the composite material.The composite material showed better discharge capacity and better cycle stability than the pristine alloy.In addition,in order to study the optimal ratio of NSG,3%,5%,7%and 10%of NSG were doped into Co_(0.9)Cu_(0.1)Si alloy,respectively.Co_(0.9)Cu_(0.1)Si alloy doped with 5%NSG had the best performance among all the samples.The best discharge capacity was 580.1 mAh/g,and its highest capacity retention rate was 64.1%.The improvement in electrochemical hydrogen storage performance can be attributed to two aspects.On the one hand,the electrocatalytic performance of graphene is improved by co-doping nitrogen and sulfur,on the other hand,graphene has excellent electrical conductivity.

南海北部琼东南海域活动冷泉流场特征初探

冷泉是甲烷流体运移的一种重要地质过程.作为一种重要的温室气体,海底冷泉处渗漏的甲烷流体,对全球气候变化具有重要的影响.因此,冷泉流场的研究对于冷泉地质过程和全球气候变化都具有重要的意义.本研究基于PIV(particle image velocimetry)技术,对南海琼东南海域新发现的活动冷泉视频资料进行了活动冷泉的流速流场的模拟定量研究.研究区活动冷泉的释放有两种形式:一种是天然气水合物分解形成甲烷气泡,缓慢地逸散至海水;另一种则是含甲烷流体从喷口快速喷发形成羽状流.PIV计算的结果显示,活动冷泉羽状流流场运动方向整体向上,内部为复杂的湍流,其流线呈现出蜿蜒的形态,冷泉羽状流的运动方向与流速大小均随时间的改变而改变.尽管存在一定的系统误差,但PIV计算的结果仍然是可信的,并且具有低成本、速度快、分辨率高等独特的优势.与热液流场相比,冷泉流场的研究程度相对较低,未来需要更多的工作来定量描述冷泉流场,并分析冷泉流场的变化规律.

Measurement of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxide concentrations during autumn in Beijing, China

Gaseous peroxides play important roles in atmospheric chemistry. To understand the pathways of the formation and removal of peroxides, atmospheric peroxide concentrations and their controlling factors were measured from 7：00 to 20：00 in September, October, and November 2013 at a heavily trafficked residential site in Beijing, China, with average concentrations of hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） and methyl hydroperoxide（MHP） at 0.55 ppb and 0.063 ppb, respectively. H2O2 concentrations were higher in the afternoon and lower in the morning and evening, while MHP concentrations did not exhibit a regular diurnal pattern. Both H2O2 and MHP concentrations increased at dusk in most cases. Both peroxides displayed monthly variations with higher concentrations in September. These results suggested that photochemical activity was the main controlling factor on variations of H2O2 concentrations during the measurement period. Increasing concentrations of volatile organic compounds emitted by motor vehicles were important contributors to H2O2 and MHP enrichment. High levels of H2O2 and MHP concentrations which occurred during the measurement period probably resulted from the transport of a polluted air mass with high water vapor content passing over the Bohai Bay, China.