Creating burdock polysaccharide-oleanolic acid-ursolic acid nanoparticles to deliver enhanced anti-inflammatory effects:fabrication,structural characterization and property evaluation

This study explored the potential of polysaccharides from Actium lappa(ALPs)as natural wall materials for producing ALP-based nanoparticles to deliver poorly water-soluble oleanolic acid(OA)and ursolic acid(UA).Encapsulating OA+UA with ALPs(ALP:OA+UA,50:1;OA:UA,1:1)changed the crystalline nature to a more amorphous state through hydrogen bonding and involving O-H/C-O/O-C-O groups.ALP-OA/UA nanoparticles had a particle size and zeta potential(in water)of 199.1 nm/-7.15 mV,with a narrow unimodal size distribution,and excellent pH,salt solution,temperature and storage stability.Compared with ALPs,ALPOA/UA nanoparticles showed enhanced anti-inflammatory activity(especially at a dose of 100μg/mL)in a CuSO-induced zebrafish inflammation model via down-regulating the NF-κB signalling pathway and gene expression of associated transcription factors and cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-8).Therefore,ALP-based nanoparticles are natural and anti-inflammatory carriers for hydrophobic bioactive molecules.

74-plex SNPs复合检测体系在中国人群中的族群推断研究

使用一组祖源SNP可以分析某人群的遗传成分,推断某个体的族群来源。本课题组前期筛选出74个SNP位点实现了撒哈拉以南的非洲、北非、欧洲、美洲、大洋洲、南亚、西南亚、东亚、东北亚和东南亚等10个地理区域人群的推断,并基于Mass ARRAY质谱分析技术构建了74-plexSNPs复合检测体系。本研究利用该体系对14个中国人群1371份样本进行基因分型,验证评估该体系对中国人群的区分能力和法医学应用效能。首先,基于全球57个人群3628份个体构建参考人群分型库,采用Structure分析和等位基因频率热图等方法进行人群区分能力评估;然后,选取千人基因组计划中3个人群(不包含在参考人群分型库中)及本实验室检测的14个人群共计1654个体作为测试数据集,通过似然比和族群成分等统计分析,评估该体系对实际样本的族群来源推断能力。结果表明,DNA的量最低为1.5ng时,74个SNP均可正确判型,适用于微量检材的检测;该体系对全球10个地理区域人群有区分能力,针对测试人群中欧洲、美洲、南部非洲个体族群来源推断的准确率为95.4%、不排除率为1.06%,东亚个体推断的准确率为71.0%、不排除率为17.9%,东南亚个体推断的准确率66.4%、不排除率为33.3%。该方法可以为实际案件侦察提供线索。

Isolation,purification,structural characteristic and antioxidative property of polysaccharides from A.cepa L.var.agrogatum Don

Allium cepa L.var.agrogatum Don(ALAP)is commonly consumed in China as well as other regions and has various beneficial health effects.A novel acidic polysaccharide(named ALAP-21)was obtained from ALAP by ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction and purification using DEAE-52 anion exchange and Sephadex G-100 columns.The monosaccharide composition,structural and antioxidative properties of ALAP-21 were investigated by GC–MS chromatography,FT-IR and NMR spectroscopies and three antioxidative activity tests in vitro.The results showed that ALAP-21 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose,galacturonic acid,mannose,galactose,arabinose,rhamnose,xylose,fructose and glucuronic acid with a relative molar ratio of 26.282:27.546:11.400:4.781:2.467:2.445:3.622:1.106:1.753,owning(1→4)-β-d-Glcp,(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA,(1→4)-β-d-Galp6OMe,(1→2)-β-l-Rhap,(1→4)-β-d-Manp glycosidic linkages.(1→4)-β-d-Glcp and(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA residues might be the main components of the sugar chain backbone of ALAP-21.Furthermore,ALAP-21 exhibited high potential for DPPH radicals(82.02%),hydroxyl radicals(53.33%)and superoxide anion radicals(50.28%).These results provide a reference for further research and rational development of ALAP polysaccharides.

Effect of Avastin on the migration and invasion of pterygium fibroblasts

Purpose:.To evaluate the effect of Avastin on human pterygium fibroblast migration and invasiveness.Methods:.VEGF secretion was compared between human pterygium fibroblasts and conjunctival fibroblasts by measuring VEGF-A by ELISA. The influence of Avastin on HPF migration and invasiveness was observed by wound scratch and Transwell migration assays..The expression of p-ERK1 / 2 and p-FAK was analyzed by western blotting.Results:(1)VEGF was secreted in higher amounts by human pterygium fibroblasts than by conjunctival fibroblasts.(2)Avastin treatment decreased HPF migration and invasion.(3)Avastin significantly decreased the expression of p-ERK1 / 2and p-FAK in human pterygium fibroblasts.Conclusion:.Avastin can inhibit migration and invasion of HPFs by decreasing the expression of p-ERK1 / 2 and p-FAK.

Effects of Gancao Nourish-Yin Decoction on Liver Metabolic Profiles in hTNF-αTransgenic Arthritic Model Mice

Objective Gancao Nourish-Yin Decoction(GNYD)has been applied to clinical rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients,and it had shown effectiveness not only in disease activity controlling but also in improving patients'physical status.However,its mechanism of function has not been investigated.Metabolic perturbations have been associated with RA,and targeting the metabolic profile is one of the ways to manage the disease.The aim of this study is to observe the effect of GNYD on metabolic changes of human tumor necrosis factorα(hTNF-α)transgenic arthritic model mice.Methods hTNF-αtransgenic arthritic model mice were divided into the control group and the GNYD group with six mice in each group.After 8 weeks of treatment,liver tissues of mice in both groups were obtained for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.Significantly regulated metabolites by GNYD treatment were first identified,followed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and network analysis.Results A total of 126 metabolites were detected in the liver.Compared with the control group,17 metabolites in the GNYD group were significantly altered.Specifically,thiamine,gamma-L-glutamyl-L-valine,pantothenic acid,pyridoxal(vitamin B6),succinic acid,uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronic acid,uridine,allantoic acid,N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,nicotinamide ribotide,and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine were down-regulated by GNYD treatment,whereas isobutyrylglycine,N-acetylcadaverine,N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acid,L-anserine,creatinine,and cis-4-hydroxy-D-proline were up-regulated.Six metabolic pathways were significantly altered including the alanine,aspartate,and glutamate metabolism;pyrimidine metabolism;thiamine metabolism;amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism;pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis;and citrate cycle.Integrative metabolic network analysis suggested the possibility of GNYD having both positive and negative effects on RA through the suppression of angiogenesis and the promotion of leukocyte extravasation into the synovium,respectively.Conclusions GNYD can modulate the hepatic metabolism of hTNF-αtransgenic arthritic model mice.Further optimization of this decoction may lead to better therapeutic effects on RA patients.

生活项目干预方案预防住院老年患者谵妄的效果研究

目的探索住院老年患者生活项目干预方案(Hospital Elderly Life Program,HELP)对预防住院老年患者谵妄的效果。方法制订中文版的HELP谵妄预防方案,包括评估患者谵妄相关危险因素,针对危险因素进行多学科团队合作,制订有针对性的个体化非药物干预措施。选取住院老年患者200例,按病区所在楼层分为试验组(100例)和对照组(100例)。试验组采取常规护理结合HELP方案的干预方法,对照组采取常规护理方法,均干预2周。比较两组干预前后的谵妄发生率、自理能力、认知功能和住院时间。结果试验组谵妄的发生率为5.2%,对照组谵妄的发生率为13.0%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预2周后,试验组的自理能力、认知功能均优于对照组,且住院时间较对照组缩短,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HELP方案能有效预防住院老年患者谵妄的发生,有利于改善老年住院患者的自理能力和认知功能,缩短住院时间。

Morphology and property investigation of primary particulate matter particles from different sources

Particulate matter （PM） pollution has become a major environmental concern in many developing countries. PM pollution control remains a great challenge owing to the complex sources and evolution processes of PM particles. There are two categories of PM, i.e., primary and secondary PM particles, and the primary PM emissions play a key role in the formation of PM pollution. Knowledge of primary PM particle compositions, sources, and evolution processes is of great importance to the effective control of PM pollution. In order to characterize PM particles effectively, their fundamental properties including the morphology, concentration distribution, surface chemistry, and composition must be systematically investigated. In this study, we collected and analyzed six types of PM10 and PM2.s particles from different sources using an in situ sampling approach. The concentration distributions of PM particles were analyzed and comparative analysis of the morphologies, distributions, capture mechanisms, and compositions of PM particles was conducted using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. We found that there were significant differences in the structures, morphologies, and capture mechanisms of PM2.5 and PM10 particles. The systematic comparative investigation in this work will benefit the study of evolution processes and the effective control of PM pollution in the future.

Twenty-seven continental ancestry-informative SNP analysis of bone remains to resolve a forensic case

We employed our previously developed 27-plex ancestry-informative single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)panel to infer the ancestral components of bone remains of a possible foreign pilot found in south-western China.For ancestry assignment of this unknown individual,we first obtained the 27-SNP genotype of the individual.Then,based on a reference database of 3081 individuals from 33 populations,we calculated the match probability and likelihood ratio using the self-developed software program Forensic Intelligence.Inferred ancestral components of this individual were calculated by structure at K=3.A complete profile was obtained for the individual using our multiplexed SNP assay.The European population was within one order of magnitude of the highest likelihood.The major ancestral component of this individual was 97.6%European.

Sequential quadratic programming enhanced backtracking search algorithm

In this paper, we propose a new hybrid method called SQPBSA which combines backtracking search optimization algorithm （BSA） and sequential quadratic programming （SQP）. BSA, as an exploration search engine, gives a good direction to the global optimal region, while SQP is used as a local search technique to exploit the optimal solution. The experiments are carried on two suits of 28 functions proposed in the CEC-2013 competitions to verify the performance of SQPBSA. The results indicate the proposed method is effective and competitive.

Somatostatin 4 regulates growth and modulates gametogenesis in zebrafish

Somatostatin(SST)plays important roles in growth and development.In teleost fishes six SST encoding genes(sst1 to sst6)have been identified although few studies have addressed their function.Here we aim to determine the function of the teleost specific sst4 in the zebrafish.A CRISPR/Cas9 sst4 zebrafish mutant with loss of function(sst4−/−)was produced which grew significantly faster and was heavier at the onset of gonadal maturation than the wild type(WT).Consistent with their faster growth,liver igf1,igf2a and igf2b expression was significantly upregulated in the sst4−/−fish compared to the WT.Histological examination of the ovaries and testis indicated that sst4−/−fish had slightly delayed testicular gametogenesis compared to the WT.Significantly lower expression of igf3,amh,insl3,hsd17b3,hsd11b2,hsd20b,cyp11b and cyp17 was consistently observed in the sst4−/−testis.In contrast,the ovaries had lower expression of igf1,igf2a and cyp19a1a but increased expression of igf2b and hsd20b.The gonadotrophin beta subunits(fshb and lhb)in the brain were downregulated indicating the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis was downregulated in the sst4−/−fish and suggesting that the steroid production is compromised in the maturing gonads.In addition,analysis of sst1 and sst3 mRNA levels in sst4−/−fish suggests a dosage compensation effect of sst1 in the brain and liver.Altogether,the results from the zebrafish sst4−/−line support the idea that sst4 is involved in the regulation of igf signalling,somatic growth and reproduction since steroidogenesis and gametogenesis at pubertal onset were compromised.

Effects of dietary management combined with exercise interventions on type 2 diabetes:A pilot before-after study in the same patient

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3500401),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82205250)and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2021QH056).