Cobbett on the Problem of Rural Poverty in Modern Britain

In the late 18th and 19th centuries,the problem of poverty in the English countryside was relatively serious. The radical Cobbett pays attention to the rural society and elaborates on the tax burden,the polarization of rural society and the poverty of agricultural workers in a series of works,not only promoting the parliamentary reforms in 1832 but also arousing widespread concern on rural poverty from the society at that time. By drawing on the research of the famous radical Cobbett from domestic and foreign academic circles,based on many original materials such as newspapers,books and pamphlets in the 19th century,this article combs Cobbett's account of rural poverty in modern Britain and analyzes its value.

Modern British Scientific and Technological Societies and Agricultural Development

In modern Britain,the scientific and technological societies represented by the Royal Society and the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society were extremely prosperous.Their series of activities provided scientific and technological support for the development of British industry and agriculture.Based on the detailed case studies of the Royal Society and Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society and other societies from domestic and foreign academic circles,this paper summarized the development status of modern British scientific and technological societies as a whole,sorted out the history of societies participating in British agriculture,and analyzed the contribution of scientific and technological societies to the development of modern British agriculture.

Capacity degradation analysis and knee point prediction for lithium-ion batteries

Analyzing capacity degradation characteristics and accurately predicting the knee point of capacity are crucial for the safety management of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the degradation mechanism of LIBs is complex.A key but challenging problem is how to clarify the degradation mechanism and predict the knee point.According to the external characteristics such as capacity decline gradievnt and the peak value of increment capacity curve(IC curve),the capacity degradation can be divided into four stages,including initial decline stage,slow decline stage,transition stage and high-speed decline stage.The degradation mechanism of LIBs is compared from the longitudinal and horizontal aspects,respectively.Among them,the battery usage from the initial stage to the end of life(EOL)is longitudinal analysis.The battery under different conditions,such as charging and discharging,different discharge rate,different cathode material degradation mechanism is horizontal analysis.Moreover,a method based on neural network is proposed to predict the knee point.Two features are used to predict the capacity and cycle of the knee point,which are the gradient of the capacity degradation curve and the difference of the IC curve with the maximum correlation.The experimental results show that a two-dimensional surface can be obtained using only the first 100 cycles,which can provide a reference for the position of the knee point accurately prediction.

Anti-shock loading capability of a fluidized-bed flocculator

The efficiency of a fluidized-bed flocculator with 800-um particles of 1360 kg/m3 in density was studied, and the anti-shock capability of the unit was estimated for three kinds of industrial wastewater： heavy turbidity wastewater, dispersed dyeing wastewater and starch wastewater. Steady removal efficiency was contributed by the following characteristics of the flocculator： （1） the dynamic conditions, flocculation time and velocity gradient, which were stabilized at a steady level as the loading rate changed; （2） hydrodynamic characteristics, especially the considerable rise of expanded bed height with increasing superficial velocity when small and light particles were employed as the solid phase; （3） flocs growth characteristics in the fluidized bed, which caused the density and size of the flocs being maintained at a compensational relationship, resulted the stabilized settling velocity of the flocs.