Thyroid follicular renal cell carcinoma excluding thyroid metastases:A case report

BACKGROUND Thyroid follicular renal cell carcinoma is a special type of renal cell carcinoma newly recognized in recent years.It has attracted attention because of its unique histology,immunophenotype,and clinical characteristics.It has a very low incidence,and the number of case reports available for review is limited.Moreover,a thyroid mass with type of tumour is rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a renal mass with a bilateral thyroid mass that was accidentally discovered in a 60-year-old man during physical examination.B-mode ultrasound showed a hypoechoic mass in the middle and lower parenchyma of the right kidney,and computed tomography showed an iso-density shadow tumour in the right kidney.Contrast agents had a significant continuous enhancement effect on the tumour,and the enhancement was not uniform.After partial nephrectomy,pathological analysis was performed to rule out the possibility that the renal tumour was caused by thyroid tumour metastasis.Needle biopsy of the thyroid tumour confirmed that the renal cell carcinoma was not related to the thyroid tumour.The patient was alive at the last postoperative follow-up.CONCLUSION This is the third published case in which thyroid tumour biopsy was performed to confirm that thyroid follicular renal cell carcinoma is not thyroid related.

Primary renal small cell carcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Small cell carcinoma(SCC)is a malignant tumour that is frequently accompanied by extensive metastasis.Primary renal SCC has typical characteristics related to SCC and is extremely rare,with no uniform treatment standard.Clinical treatment is mainly based on the literature.Here we report the diagnosis and treatment of an interesting case of primary renal SCC.CASE SUMMARY We report a tortuous course of treatment for a 68-year-old man.Four years before diagnosis,the patient developed continuous gross haematuria,during which he underwent several ureteral biopsies,ureteral stricture relief,and urine exfoliated cell examinations;however,SCC was not confirmed.One month before radical resection of the renal pelvic carcinoma,the severe haematuria recurred.Computed tomography revealed transitional cell carcinoma in the right kidney and right upper ureter.A preoperative examination exluded the possibility of a pulmonary origin of the tumour,and primary renal SCC was diagnosed.The postoperative pathology findings were suggestive of SCC.The patient was treated with combined chemotherapy but died of tumour progression at 7 mo postoperative.CONCLUSION Our patient's disease onset in the context of a succession of regular testing and the fact that it occurred so quickly with perirenal encroachment immediately after diagnosis reveals the cruel and unforgiving side of the disease.Furthermore,patients with poor comprehensive treatment results require new treatment regimens.

Efficient CO_(2) photoreduction enabled by the energy transfer pathway in metal-organic framework

Many studies in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)aiming for high photocatalytic activity resort to self-assembling both energy donor and acceptor building units in skeleton to achieve effective energy transfer,which,however,usually needs tedious synthetic procedure and design of a new MOF.In this work,we demonstrated that building a Förster resonance energy transfer(FRET)pathway can be realized through suitable molecular doping in a given MOF structure without altering the original porous structure,presenting an alternative strategy to design efficient photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction.In situ electron spin resonance,ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy,and computational studies reveal that the FRET-induced excitation has dramatically altered the exciton transfer pathway in structure and facilitated electron-hole separation.As a result,the molecular doped MOFs synthesized through one-pot reaction show outstanding selectivity(96%)and activity(1314μmol⋅g^(−1)⋅h^(−1))for CO production versus almost no activity for the pristine MOFs,and this result stands out from existing competitors.Furthermore,the reaction mechanism was proposed and the intermediate signals were detected by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopies.This study presents a clear picture of building FRET process in MOFs through molecular doping and provides a new design strategy for MOF-based photocatalysts.