Our previous study found that rat bone marrow–derived neural crest cells(acting as Schwann cell progenitors)have the potential to promote long-distance nerve repair.Cell-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve rep...Our previous study found that rat bone marrow–derived neural crest cells(acting as Schwann cell progenitors)have the potential to promote long-distance nerve repair.Cell-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve repair and regeneration through paracrine bioactive factors and intercellular communication.Nevertheless,the complex contributions of various types of soluble cytokines and extracellular vesicle cargos to the secretome remain unclear.To investigate the role of the secretome and extracellular vesicles in repairing damaged peripheral nerves,we collected conditioned culture medium from hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells,and found that it significantly promoted the repair of sensory neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation.The mRNA expression of trophic factors was highly expressed in hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells.We performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and found that miR-21-5p was enriched in hypoxia-pretreated extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells.Subsequently,to further clarify the role of hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles rich in miR-21-5p in axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,we used a microfluidic axonal dissociation model of sensory neurons in vitro,and found that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles promoted axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,which was greatly dependent on loaded miR-21-5p.Finally,we constructed a miR-21-5p-loaded neural conduit to repair the sciatic nerve defect in rats and found that the motor and sensory functions of injured rat hind limb,as well as muscle tissue morphology of the hind limbs,were obviously restored.These findings suggest that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest extracellular vesicles are natural nanoparticles rich in miRNA-21-5p.miRNA-21-5p is one of the main contributors to promoting nerve regeneration by the neural crest cell secretome.This helps to explain the mechanism of action of the secretome and extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells in repairing damaged peripheral nerves,and also promotes the application of miR-21-5p in tissue engineering regeneration medicine.展开更多
Cu catalysts,known for their unparalleled catalytic capabilities due to their unique electronic structure,have faced inherent challenges in maintaining long-term effectiveness under harsh hydrogenation conditions.Here...Cu catalysts,known for their unparalleled catalytic capabilities due to their unique electronic structure,have faced inherent challenges in maintaining long-term effectiveness under harsh hydrogenation conditions.Here,we demonstrate a molybdenum-mediated redispersion behavior of Cu under hightemperature oxidation conditions.The oxidized Cu nanoparticles with rich metal-support interfaces tend to dissolve into the MoO_(3)support upon heating to 600℃,which facilitates the subsequent regeneration in a reducing atmosphere.A similar redispersion phenomenon is observed for Cu nanoparticles supported on Zn O-modified MoO_(3).The modification of ZnO significantly improves the performance of the Cu catalyst for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,with the high activity being well maintained after four repeated oxidation-reduction cycles.In situ spectroscopic and theoretical analyses suggest that the interaction involved in the formation of the copper molybdate-like compound is the driving force for the redispersion of Cu.This method is applicable to various Mo-based oxide supports,offering a practical strategy for the regeneration of sintered Cu particles in hydrogenation applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transpl...BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transplantation(WMT).Most existing studies have focused on observing the clinical phenomena.However,the mechanism of action of FMT for the effective management of CD-particularly in-depth multi-omics analysis involving the metagenome,metatranscriptome,and metabolome-has not yet been reported.AIM To assess the efficacy of WMT for CD and explore alterations in the microbiome and metabolome in response to WMT.METHODS We conducted a prospective,open-label,single-center clinical study.Eleven CD patients underwent WMT.Their clinical responses(defined as a decrease in their CD Activity Index score of>100 points)and their microbiome(metagenome,metatranscriptome)and metabolome profiles were evaluated three months after the procedure.RESULTS Seven of the 11 patients(63.6%)showed an optimal clinical response three months post-WMT.Gut microbiome diversity significantly increased after WMT,consistent with improved clinical symptoms.Comparison of the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed consistent alterations in certain strains,such as Faecalibac-terium prausnitzii,Roseburia intestinalis,and Escherichia coli.In addition,metabolomics analyses demonstrated that CD patients had elevated levels of various amino acids before treatment compared to the donors.However,levels of vital amino acids that may be associated with disease progression(e.g.,L-glutamic acid,gamma-glutamyl-leucine,and prolyl-glutamine)were reduced after WMT.CONCLUSION WMT demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in CD treatment,likely due to the effective reconstruction of the patient’s microbiome.Multi-omics techniques can effectively help decipher the potential mechanisms of WMT in treating CD.展开更多
On the basis of proposing the existence of a karst carbon cycle and carbon sink at a watershed scale,this paper provides four pieces of evidence for;the integration of geology and ecology during the carbon cycle proce...On the basis of proposing the existence of a karst carbon cycle and carbon sink at a watershed scale,this paper provides four pieces of evidence for;the integration of geology and ecology during the carbon cycle processes m the karst dynamic system,and estxmated the karst carbon sink effect using the methods of comparative monitoring of paired watersheds and the carbon stable isotope tracer technique.The results of the soil carbon cycle in Maocun,Guilin,showed that the soil carbon cycle in the karst area,the weathering and dissolution of carbonate rocks under the soil,resulted in a lower soil respiration of 25% in the karstoarea than in a non-karst area (sandstone and shale),and the carbon isotope results indicated that 13.46% of the heavy carbon of the hmestone is involved in the soil carbon cycle.The comparative monitoring results m paxred watersheds,suggesting that the HCO3 concentration m a karst spring is 10 times that of a rivulet in a non-karst area,while the concentration of inorganic carbon flux is 23.8 times.With both chemical stoichiometry and carbon stable isotopes,the proportion of carbon in karst springs derived from carbonate rocks was found to be 58.52% and 37.65% respectively.The comparison on carbon exchange and isotopes at the water-gas interface between the granite and carbonate rock basins in the Li River showed that the CO2 emission of the karst water is 10.92 times that of the allogenic water from the non-karst area,while the carbon isotope of HCO3^- in karst water is lighter by 8.62%.However,this does not mean that the karst water body has a larger carbon source effect.On the contrary,it means the karst water body has a greater karst carbon sink effect.When the karst subterranean stream in Zhaidi,Guilin,is exposed at the surface,carbon-rich karst water stimulated the growth of aquatic plants.The values of carbon stable isotopes in the same species of submerged plants gradually becomes heavier and heavier,and the 512 m flow process has a maximum range of 15.46%.The calculation results showed that 12.52% of inorganic carbon is converted into organic carbon.According to the data that has been published,the global karst carbon sink flux was estimated to be 0.53-0.58 PgC/a,equivalent to 31.18%-34.41% of the global forest carbon sink flux.In the meanwhile,the karst carbon sink flux in China was calculated to be 0.051 PgC/a,accounting for 68% of its forest carbon sink flux.展开更多
BACKGROUND Myocarditis refers to a variety of myocardial inflammatory lesions. A variety of factors such as infection and physical and chemical factors can cause myocarditis.Depending on the severity of myocardial dam...BACKGROUND Myocarditis refers to a variety of myocardial inflammatory lesions. A variety of factors such as infection and physical and chemical factors can cause myocarditis.Depending on the severity of myocardial damage, myocarditis patients can manifest heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and even sudden death. Here we present a case of viral myocarditis that mimicked acute coronary syndrome.CASE SUMMARY A middle-aged male patient presented with chest pain and elevated troponin I after a flu-like infection. This patient had a history of hypertension and a habit of alcohol and tobacco use. Electrocardiography showed typical changes in acute myocardial infarction, with the T-wave increasing. Coronary angiogram revealed no stenosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed edema of the middle and apical septal and apical anterior walls on T2-weighted images and the T1 mapping. Late gadolinium enhancement of the middle and apical septal and apical anterior walls could be found. Rubella virus immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M antibodies were abnormally elevated. The patient was given antiviral and antibiotic treatments, and serum biomarkers and electrocardiograph returned to normal after 5 d of treatment. After one-year follow-up, the patient showed no symptoms, and cardiac magnetic resonance showed that myocardial thickness was significantly thinner than before, and fibrosis was less than before.CONCLUSIONThis case illustrates the utility of cardiac magnetic resonance for diagnosis of infarction-like myocarditis when the angiogram is normal.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing(TET)requires double cecal intubation,raising a common concern of how to save cecal intubation time and make the tube stable.We hypothesized that cap-assisted colonosco...BACKGROUND Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing(TET)requires double cecal intubation,raising a common concern of how to save cecal intubation time and make the tube stable.We hypothesized that cap-assisted colonoscopy(CC)might reduce the second cecal intubation time and bring potential benefits during the TET procedure.AIM To investigate if CC can decrease the second cecal intubation time compared with regular colonoscopy(RC).METHODS This prospective multicenter,randomized controlled trial was performed at four centers.Subjects≥7 years needing colonic TET were recruited from August 2018 to January 2020.All subjects were randomly assigned to two groups.The primary outcome was the second cecal intubation time.Secondary outcomes included success rate,insertion pain score,single clip fixation time,purpose and retention time of TET tube,length of TET tube inserted into the colon,and all procedurerelated(serious)adverse events.RESULTS A total of 331 subjects were randomized to the RC(n=165)or CC(n=166)group.The median time of the second cecal intubation was significantly shorter for CC than RC(2.2 min vs 2.8 min,P<0.001).In patients with constipation,the median time of second cecal intubation in the CC group(n=50)was shorter than that in the RC group(n=43)(2.6 min vs 3.8 min,P=0.004).However,no difference was observed in the CC(n=42)and RC(n=46)groups of ulcerative colitis patients(2.0 min vs 2.5 min,P=0.152).The insertion pain score during the procedure in CC(n=14)was lower than that in RC(n=19)in unsedated colonoscopy(3.8±1.7 vs 5.4±1.9;P=0.015).Multivariate analysis revealed that only CC(odds ratio[OR]:2.250,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.161-4.360;P=0.016)was an independent factor affecting the second cecal intubation time in difficult colonoscopy.CC did not affect the colonic TET tube’s retention time and length of the tube inserted into the colon.Moreover,multivariate analysis found that only endoscopic clip number(OR:2.201,95%CI:1.541-3.143;P<0.001)was an independent factor affecting the retention time.Multiple regression analysis showed that height(OR:1.144,95%CI:1.027-1.275;P=0.014)was the only independent factor influencing the length of TET tube inserted into the colon in adults.CONCLUSION CC for colonic TET procedure is a safe and less painful technique,which can reduce cecal intubation time.展开更多
Cell-laden cardiac patches have recently been emerging to renew cellular sources for myocardial infarction(MI,commonly know as a heart attack)repair.However,the fabrication of cell-laden patches with porous structure ...Cell-laden cardiac patches have recently been emerging to renew cellular sources for myocardial infarction(MI,commonly know as a heart attack)repair.However,the fabrication of cell-laden patches with porous structure remains challenging due to the limitations of currently available hydrogels and existing processing techniques.The present study utilized a bioprinting technique to fabricate hydrogel patches and characterize them in terms of printability,mechanical and biological properties.Cell-laden hydrogel(or bio-ink)was formulated from alginate dialdehyde(ADA)and gelatin(GEL)to improve the printability,degradability as well as bioactivity.Five groups of hydrogel compositions were designed to investigate the influence of the oxidation degree of ADA and hydrogels concentration on the properties of printed scaffolds.ADA-GEL hydrogels have generally shown favorable for living cells(EA.hy926 cells and hybrid human umbilical vein endothelial cell line).The hydrogel with an oxidation degree of 10%and a concentration ratio of 70/30(or 10%ADA70-GEL30)demonstrated the best printability among the groups examined.Formulated hydrogels were also bioprinted with the living cells(EA.hy926),and the scaffolds printed were then subject to the cell culture for 7 days.Our results illustrate that the scaffolds bioprinted from 10%ADA70–GEL30 hydrogels had the best homogenous cell distribution and also the highest cell viability.Taken together,in the present study we synthesized a newly formulated bio-ink from ADA and GEL and for the fist time,used them to bioprint cardiac patches,which have the potential to be used in MI repair.展开更多
Based on the cognitive radar concept and the basic connotation of cognitive skywave over-the-horizon radar(SWOTHR), the system structure and information processingmechanism about cognitive SWOTHR are researched. Amo...Based on the cognitive radar concept and the basic connotation of cognitive skywave over-the-horizon radar(SWOTHR), the system structure and information processingmechanism about cognitive SWOTHR are researched. Amongthem, the hybrid network system architecture which is thedistributed configuration combining with the centralized cognition and its soft/hardware framework with the sense-detectionintegration are proposed, and the information processing framebased on the lens principle and its information processing flowwith receive-transmit joint adaption are designed, which buildand parse the work law for cognition and its self feedback adjustment with the lens focus model and five stages informationprocessing sequence. After that, the system simulation andthe performance analysis and comparison are provided, whichinitially proves the rationality and advantages of the proposedideas. Finally, four important development ideas of futureSWOTHR toward "high frequency intelligence information processing system" are discussed, which are scene information fusion, dynamic reconfigurable system, hierarchical and modulardesign, and sustainable development. Then the conclusion thatthe cognitive SWOTHR can cause the performance improvement is gotten.展开更多
Different preparation routes for TiO_(2)-supported natural and synthetic clinoptilolite(TiO_(2)/CP)composites were thoroughly investigated on the basis of sol-gel,hydrothermal,and in-situ hydrothermal methods.The micr...Different preparation routes for TiO_(2)-supported natural and synthetic clinoptilolite(TiO_(2)/CP)composites were thoroughly investigated on the basis of sol-gel,hydrothermal,and in-situ hydrothermal methods.The micro-structural features and physicochemical properties of resultant TiO_(2)/CPs were characterized via X-ray diffraction patterns,scanning(transmission)electron microscope images,Fourier transform infrared spectra,inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry methods,BET-isotherms,UV-visible spectra,and surface charge potential distributions.The results showed that in-situ hydrothermal method led to well dispersions of loaded-TiO_(2) particles on the surface of leaf-like CP,while obviously aggregated TiO_(2) on a relatively distorted structure of CP was obtained using sol-gel and hydrothermal methods.Their adsorptive and photocatalytic efficiencies for removal of crystal violet(CV)dye in aqueous solution were also explored under UV-irradiations.The results demonstrated that TiO_(2)/CPs synthesized via sol-gel and in-situ hydrothermal methods presented the excellent performances with 98% removal efficiencies as compare to the bare commercial TiO_(2) which achieved 53%removal of CV dye.While,the in-situ hydrothermally synthesized TiO_(2)/CPs were the best due to their moderate energy cost,highest adsorption capacities and removal efficiencies.Particularly,the synthetic CPs as supports exhibited synergetic photocatalytic activities for the degradation of CV dye,which is attributed to their high surface areas,better adsorption capability,and fine dispersion of TiO_(2) particles.Adsorption and degradation kinetics of CV dye were found to follow the pseudo-second and pseudo-first order models,respectively.展开更多
该文在介绍串补火花间隙(GAP)自触发原理的基础上,结合某线路串补在500 k V相邻线路区外故障期间的火花间隙自触发现象,对故障期间波形进行详细分析,判断间隙自触发原因,提出解决方案,避免对设备进行过度的检查而造成高压输电线路不能...该文在介绍串补火花间隙(GAP)自触发原理的基础上,结合某线路串补在500 k V相邻线路区外故障期间的火花间隙自触发现象,对故障期间波形进行详细分析,判断间隙自触发原因,提出解决方案,避免对设备进行过度的检查而造成高压输电线路不能在其最优的运行方式下运行,影响电力系统的稳定性。展开更多
BACKGROUND Discontinued application of statins may be related to adverse cardiovascular events.However,it is unclear whether different statins administration methods have effects on coronary artery plaques.AIM To eval...BACKGROUND Discontinued application of statins may be related to adverse cardiovascular events.However,it is unclear whether different statins administration methods have effects on coronary artery plaques.AIM To evaluate the effects of different statins application methods on plaques in patients with coronary atherosclerosis.METHODS A total of 100 patients diagnosed with atherosclerotic plaque by coronary artery computed tomography were continuously selected and divided into three groups according to different statins administration methods(discontinued application group,n=32;intermittent application group,n=39;sustained application group,n=29).The effects of the different statins application methods on coronary atherosclerotic plaque were assessed.RESULTS The volume change and rate of change of the most severe plaques were significantly reduced in the sustained application group(P≤0.001).The volume change of the most severe plaques correlated positively with low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C)levels only in the sustained application group(R=0.362,P=0.013).There were no changes in plaques or LDL-C levels in the intermittent and discontinued application groups.CONCLUSION Continuous application of statins is effective for controlling plaque progression,whereas discontinued or intermittent administration of statins is not conducive to controlling plaques.Only with continuous statins administration can a reduction in LDL-C levels result in plaque volume shrinkage.展开更多
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB) has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen that causes nosocomial meningitis. However,MDRAB-associated nosocomial meningitis is rarely reported in c...BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB) has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen that causes nosocomial meningitis. However,MDRAB-associated nosocomial meningitis is rarely reported in children.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 1-year-old girl with a choroid plexus papilloma, who developed postoperative nosocomial meningitis due to MDRAB. The bacterial strain was sensitive only to tigecycline and colistin, and showed varying degrees of resistance to penicillin, amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefotaxime,ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, meropenem, imipenem, and tobramycin.She was cured with intravenous doxycycline and intraventricular gentamicin treatment.CONCLUSION Doxycycline and gentamicin were shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of a pediatric case of MDRAB meningitis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31870977(to HYS)the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China,No.2017YFA0104700(to FD)+2 种基金2022 Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(to MC)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions[PAPD]the Major Project of Basic Science(Natural Science)Research in Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,No.22KJA180001(to QRH)。
文摘Our previous study found that rat bone marrow–derived neural crest cells(acting as Schwann cell progenitors)have the potential to promote long-distance nerve repair.Cell-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve repair and regeneration through paracrine bioactive factors and intercellular communication.Nevertheless,the complex contributions of various types of soluble cytokines and extracellular vesicle cargos to the secretome remain unclear.To investigate the role of the secretome and extracellular vesicles in repairing damaged peripheral nerves,we collected conditioned culture medium from hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells,and found that it significantly promoted the repair of sensory neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation.The mRNA expression of trophic factors was highly expressed in hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells.We performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and found that miR-21-5p was enriched in hypoxia-pretreated extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells.Subsequently,to further clarify the role of hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles rich in miR-21-5p in axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,we used a microfluidic axonal dissociation model of sensory neurons in vitro,and found that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles promoted axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,which was greatly dependent on loaded miR-21-5p.Finally,we constructed a miR-21-5p-loaded neural conduit to repair the sciatic nerve defect in rats and found that the motor and sensory functions of injured rat hind limb,as well as muscle tissue morphology of the hind limbs,were obviously restored.These findings suggest that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest extracellular vesicles are natural nanoparticles rich in miRNA-21-5p.miRNA-21-5p is one of the main contributors to promoting nerve regeneration by the neural crest cell secretome.This helps to explain the mechanism of action of the secretome and extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells in repairing damaged peripheral nerves,and also promotes the application of miR-21-5p in tissue engineering regeneration medicine.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China[No.2021YFB4000700]the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research[YSBR-022]+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China[22008136,21925803]the Welsh Government funded Taith Research Mobility Programme[No.524339]。
文摘Cu catalysts,known for their unparalleled catalytic capabilities due to their unique electronic structure,have faced inherent challenges in maintaining long-term effectiveness under harsh hydrogenation conditions.Here,we demonstrate a molybdenum-mediated redispersion behavior of Cu under hightemperature oxidation conditions.The oxidized Cu nanoparticles with rich metal-support interfaces tend to dissolve into the MoO_(3)support upon heating to 600℃,which facilitates the subsequent regeneration in a reducing atmosphere.A similar redispersion phenomenon is observed for Cu nanoparticles supported on Zn O-modified MoO_(3).The modification of ZnO significantly improves the performance of the Cu catalyst for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,with the high activity being well maintained after four repeated oxidation-reduction cycles.In situ spectroscopic and theoretical analyses suggest that the interaction involved in the formation of the copper molybdate-like compound is the driving force for the redispersion of Cu.This method is applicable to various Mo-based oxide supports,offering a practical strategy for the regeneration of sintered Cu particles in hydrogenation applications.
基金Supported by the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province,No.YSPTZX202313Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center,No.2021818+3 种基金Hainan Provincial Health Industry Research Project,No.22A200078Hainan Provincial Postgraduate Innovation Research Project,No.Qhyb2022-133Hainan Medical University Graduate Student Innovative Research Project,No.HYYB2022A18Nanjing Medical University Fan Daiming Research Funds for Holistic Integrative Medicine,No.2020-3HIM.
文摘BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transplantation(WMT).Most existing studies have focused on observing the clinical phenomena.However,the mechanism of action of FMT for the effective management of CD-particularly in-depth multi-omics analysis involving the metagenome,metatranscriptome,and metabolome-has not yet been reported.AIM To assess the efficacy of WMT for CD and explore alterations in the microbiome and metabolome in response to WMT.METHODS We conducted a prospective,open-label,single-center clinical study.Eleven CD patients underwent WMT.Their clinical responses(defined as a decrease in their CD Activity Index score of>100 points)and their microbiome(metagenome,metatranscriptome)and metabolome profiles were evaluated three months after the procedure.RESULTS Seven of the 11 patients(63.6%)showed an optimal clinical response three months post-WMT.Gut microbiome diversity significantly increased after WMT,consistent with improved clinical symptoms.Comparison of the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed consistent alterations in certain strains,such as Faecalibac-terium prausnitzii,Roseburia intestinalis,and Escherichia coli.In addition,metabolomics analyses demonstrated that CD patients had elevated levels of various amino acids before treatment compared to the donors.However,levels of vital amino acids that may be associated with disease progression(e.g.,L-glutamic acid,gamma-glutamyl-leucine,and prolyl-glutamine)were reduced after WMT.CONCLUSION WMT demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in CD treatment,likely due to the effective reconstruction of the patient’s microbiome.Multi-omics techniques can effectively help decipher the potential mechanisms of WMT in treating CD.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program project (2016YFC0502500)a Key project of National Natural Science Foundation (41530316)the China Geological Survey Programs of the Geological Environmental Innovation.
文摘On the basis of proposing the existence of a karst carbon cycle and carbon sink at a watershed scale,this paper provides four pieces of evidence for;the integration of geology and ecology during the carbon cycle processes m the karst dynamic system,and estxmated the karst carbon sink effect using the methods of comparative monitoring of paired watersheds and the carbon stable isotope tracer technique.The results of the soil carbon cycle in Maocun,Guilin,showed that the soil carbon cycle in the karst area,the weathering and dissolution of carbonate rocks under the soil,resulted in a lower soil respiration of 25% in the karstoarea than in a non-karst area (sandstone and shale),and the carbon isotope results indicated that 13.46% of the heavy carbon of the hmestone is involved in the soil carbon cycle.The comparative monitoring results m paxred watersheds,suggesting that the HCO3 concentration m a karst spring is 10 times that of a rivulet in a non-karst area,while the concentration of inorganic carbon flux is 23.8 times.With both chemical stoichiometry and carbon stable isotopes,the proportion of carbon in karst springs derived from carbonate rocks was found to be 58.52% and 37.65% respectively.The comparison on carbon exchange and isotopes at the water-gas interface between the granite and carbonate rock basins in the Li River showed that the CO2 emission of the karst water is 10.92 times that of the allogenic water from the non-karst area,while the carbon isotope of HCO3^- in karst water is lighter by 8.62%.However,this does not mean that the karst water body has a larger carbon source effect.On the contrary,it means the karst water body has a greater karst carbon sink effect.When the karst subterranean stream in Zhaidi,Guilin,is exposed at the surface,carbon-rich karst water stimulated the growth of aquatic plants.The values of carbon stable isotopes in the same species of submerged plants gradually becomes heavier and heavier,and the 512 m flow process has a maximum range of 15.46%.The calculation results showed that 12.52% of inorganic carbon is converted into organic carbon.According to the data that has been published,the global karst carbon sink flux was estimated to be 0.53-0.58 PgC/a,equivalent to 31.18%-34.41% of the global forest carbon sink flux.In the meanwhile,the karst carbon sink flux in China was calculated to be 0.051 PgC/a,accounting for 68% of its forest carbon sink flux.
文摘BACKGROUND Myocarditis refers to a variety of myocardial inflammatory lesions. A variety of factors such as infection and physical and chemical factors can cause myocarditis.Depending on the severity of myocardial damage, myocarditis patients can manifest heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and even sudden death. Here we present a case of viral myocarditis that mimicked acute coronary syndrome.CASE SUMMARY A middle-aged male patient presented with chest pain and elevated troponin I after a flu-like infection. This patient had a history of hypertension and a habit of alcohol and tobacco use. Electrocardiography showed typical changes in acute myocardial infarction, with the T-wave increasing. Coronary angiogram revealed no stenosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed edema of the middle and apical septal and apical anterior walls on T2-weighted images and the T1 mapping. Late gadolinium enhancement of the middle and apical septal and apical anterior walls could be found. Rubella virus immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M antibodies were abnormally elevated. The patient was given antiviral and antibiotic treatments, and serum biomarkers and electrocardiograph returned to normal after 5 d of treatment. After one-year follow-up, the patient showed no symptoms, and cardiac magnetic resonance showed that myocardial thickness was significantly thinner than before, and fibrosis was less than before.CONCLUSIONThis case illustrates the utility of cardiac magnetic resonance for diagnosis of infarction-like myocarditis when the angiogram is normal.
基金the public donated Intestine Initiative FoundationJiangsu Province Creation Team and Leading Talents Project+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81670495,No.81600417Topnotch Talent Research Projects,No.LGY2017080.
文摘BACKGROUND Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing(TET)requires double cecal intubation,raising a common concern of how to save cecal intubation time and make the tube stable.We hypothesized that cap-assisted colonoscopy(CC)might reduce the second cecal intubation time and bring potential benefits during the TET procedure.AIM To investigate if CC can decrease the second cecal intubation time compared with regular colonoscopy(RC).METHODS This prospective multicenter,randomized controlled trial was performed at four centers.Subjects≥7 years needing colonic TET were recruited from August 2018 to January 2020.All subjects were randomly assigned to two groups.The primary outcome was the second cecal intubation time.Secondary outcomes included success rate,insertion pain score,single clip fixation time,purpose and retention time of TET tube,length of TET tube inserted into the colon,and all procedurerelated(serious)adverse events.RESULTS A total of 331 subjects were randomized to the RC(n=165)or CC(n=166)group.The median time of the second cecal intubation was significantly shorter for CC than RC(2.2 min vs 2.8 min,P<0.001).In patients with constipation,the median time of second cecal intubation in the CC group(n=50)was shorter than that in the RC group(n=43)(2.6 min vs 3.8 min,P=0.004).However,no difference was observed in the CC(n=42)and RC(n=46)groups of ulcerative colitis patients(2.0 min vs 2.5 min,P=0.152).The insertion pain score during the procedure in CC(n=14)was lower than that in RC(n=19)in unsedated colonoscopy(3.8±1.7 vs 5.4±1.9;P=0.015).Multivariate analysis revealed that only CC(odds ratio[OR]:2.250,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.161-4.360;P=0.016)was an independent factor affecting the second cecal intubation time in difficult colonoscopy.CC did not affect the colonic TET tube’s retention time and length of the tube inserted into the colon.Moreover,multivariate analysis found that only endoscopic clip number(OR:2.201,95%CI:1.541-3.143;P<0.001)was an independent factor affecting the retention time.Multiple regression analysis showed that height(OR:1.144,95%CI:1.027-1.275;P=0.014)was the only independent factor influencing the length of TET tube inserted into the colon in adults.CONCLUSION CC for colonic TET procedure is a safe and less painful technique,which can reduce cecal intubation time.
文摘Cell-laden cardiac patches have recently been emerging to renew cellular sources for myocardial infarction(MI,commonly know as a heart attack)repair.However,the fabrication of cell-laden patches with porous structure remains challenging due to the limitations of currently available hydrogels and existing processing techniques.The present study utilized a bioprinting technique to fabricate hydrogel patches and characterize them in terms of printability,mechanical and biological properties.Cell-laden hydrogel(or bio-ink)was formulated from alginate dialdehyde(ADA)and gelatin(GEL)to improve the printability,degradability as well as bioactivity.Five groups of hydrogel compositions were designed to investigate the influence of the oxidation degree of ADA and hydrogels concentration on the properties of printed scaffolds.ADA-GEL hydrogels have generally shown favorable for living cells(EA.hy926 cells and hybrid human umbilical vein endothelial cell line).The hydrogel with an oxidation degree of 10%and a concentration ratio of 70/30(or 10%ADA70-GEL30)demonstrated the best printability among the groups examined.Formulated hydrogels were also bioprinted with the living cells(EA.hy926),and the scaffolds printed were then subject to the cell culture for 7 days.Our results illustrate that the scaffolds bioprinted from 10%ADA70–GEL30 hydrogels had the best homogenous cell distribution and also the highest cell viability.Taken together,in the present study we synthesized a newly formulated bio-ink from ADA and GEL and for the fist time,used them to bioprint cardiac patches,which have the potential to be used in MI repair.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61471391)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2013M542541)
文摘Based on the cognitive radar concept and the basic connotation of cognitive skywave over-the-horizon radar(SWOTHR), the system structure and information processingmechanism about cognitive SWOTHR are researched. Amongthem, the hybrid network system architecture which is thedistributed configuration combining with the centralized cognition and its soft/hardware framework with the sense-detectionintegration are proposed, and the information processing framebased on the lens principle and its information processing flowwith receive-transmit joint adaption are designed, which buildand parse the work law for cognition and its self feedback adjustment with the lens focus model and five stages informationprocessing sequence. After that, the system simulation andthe performance analysis and comparison are provided, whichinitially proves the rationality and advantages of the proposedideas. Finally, four important development ideas of futureSWOTHR toward "high frequency intelligence information processing system" are discussed, which are scene information fusion, dynamic reconfigurable system, hierarchical and modulardesign, and sustainable development. Then the conclusion thatthe cognitive SWOTHR can cause the performance improvement is gotten.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21878006)。
文摘Different preparation routes for TiO_(2)-supported natural and synthetic clinoptilolite(TiO_(2)/CP)composites were thoroughly investigated on the basis of sol-gel,hydrothermal,and in-situ hydrothermal methods.The micro-structural features and physicochemical properties of resultant TiO_(2)/CPs were characterized via X-ray diffraction patterns,scanning(transmission)electron microscope images,Fourier transform infrared spectra,inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry methods,BET-isotherms,UV-visible spectra,and surface charge potential distributions.The results showed that in-situ hydrothermal method led to well dispersions of loaded-TiO_(2) particles on the surface of leaf-like CP,while obviously aggregated TiO_(2) on a relatively distorted structure of CP was obtained using sol-gel and hydrothermal methods.Their adsorptive and photocatalytic efficiencies for removal of crystal violet(CV)dye in aqueous solution were also explored under UV-irradiations.The results demonstrated that TiO_(2)/CPs synthesized via sol-gel and in-situ hydrothermal methods presented the excellent performances with 98% removal efficiencies as compare to the bare commercial TiO_(2) which achieved 53%removal of CV dye.While,the in-situ hydrothermally synthesized TiO_(2)/CPs were the best due to their moderate energy cost,highest adsorption capacities and removal efficiencies.Particularly,the synthetic CPs as supports exhibited synergetic photocatalytic activities for the degradation of CV dye,which is attributed to their high surface areas,better adsorption capability,and fine dispersion of TiO_(2) particles.Adsorption and degradation kinetics of CV dye were found to follow the pseudo-second and pseudo-first order models,respectively.
文摘BACKGROUND Discontinued application of statins may be related to adverse cardiovascular events.However,it is unclear whether different statins administration methods have effects on coronary artery plaques.AIM To evaluate the effects of different statins application methods on plaques in patients with coronary atherosclerosis.METHODS A total of 100 patients diagnosed with atherosclerotic plaque by coronary artery computed tomography were continuously selected and divided into three groups according to different statins administration methods(discontinued application group,n=32;intermittent application group,n=39;sustained application group,n=29).The effects of the different statins application methods on coronary atherosclerotic plaque were assessed.RESULTS The volume change and rate of change of the most severe plaques were significantly reduced in the sustained application group(P≤0.001).The volume change of the most severe plaques correlated positively with low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C)levels only in the sustained application group(R=0.362,P=0.013).There were no changes in plaques or LDL-C levels in the intermittent and discontinued application groups.CONCLUSION Continuous application of statins is effective for controlling plaque progression,whereas discontinued or intermittent administration of statins is not conducive to controlling plaques.Only with continuous statins administration can a reduction in LDL-C levels result in plaque volume shrinkage.
基金Supported by The Shanghai Pujiang Program,No.12PJ1401500
文摘BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB) has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen that causes nosocomial meningitis. However,MDRAB-associated nosocomial meningitis is rarely reported in children.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 1-year-old girl with a choroid plexus papilloma, who developed postoperative nosocomial meningitis due to MDRAB. The bacterial strain was sensitive only to tigecycline and colistin, and showed varying degrees of resistance to penicillin, amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefotaxime,ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, meropenem, imipenem, and tobramycin.She was cured with intravenous doxycycline and intraventricular gentamicin treatment.CONCLUSION Doxycycline and gentamicin were shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of a pediatric case of MDRAB meningitis.