中国精神分裂症患者失匹配负波特征的Meta分析（英文）

背景:国外对精神分裂症患者失匹配负波(mismatch negativity,MMN)波幅进行Meta分析发现其明显低于健康对照组,区分效应值(Cohen’s d,)d在1.00左右,使之可能成为精神分裂症早期诊断的生物标志物。但检索文献未发现纳入中国精神分裂症人群MMN研究的Meta分析报道,因此有必要对中国精神分裂症患者的MMN进行Meta分析。目的:通过Meta分析计算中国精神分裂症患者MMN的平均效应值,探讨其是否可作为中国精神分裂症患者的生物标志物。方法:计算机检索中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CKNI)、万方数据库(WanF ang Data)、维普数据库(Vip Citation Databases,VIP)、PubM ed数据库,收集2017年5月8日前公开发表的关于中国汉族精神分裂症患者MMN研究的相关文献。MMN受损的影响通过计算精神分裂症患者组和健康对照组之间的标准平均差(SMDs)来评估MMN波幅。结果:共有11篇文献纳入分析。Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS)评估所有研究的总体质量超过6。这些研究的meta分析数据包括精神分裂症患者432例,健康对照人群392例。Meta分析结果显示,精神分裂症组与健康对照组相比MMN受损显著(Cohen’s d=1.004)。剔除异质性大的文献2个,患者组和健康对照组之间MMN差异的效应值降为0.79(Cohen’s d=0.79)。亚组分析显示精神分裂症病程大于3年的患者MMN波幅缺失的效应值为0.95,而病程小于3年的效应值为0.77。通过Egger回归分析得出的发表偏移(t=1.83;p=0.101)提示没有发表偏移。结论:中国精神分裂症患者和健康对照者之间的MMN波幅效应值与其他关于该研究的meta分析结果是一致的,提示中国汉族精神分裂症患者也表现有MMN受损。

Technical Regulations for Standardized Planting of Rare and Multi-purpose Wild Fruit Kadsura coccinea

The cultivation technology were standardized for improving the yield and quality,and the commodity value and the competitiveness of fruit market,and solving the bottleneck problem—fruit quality and yield that affect the industrial development of rare and multi-purpose wild fruit Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)A.C.Smith.Through the investigation of K.coccinea production area and planting area,collection and analysis of fruit samples,it was found that in most planting area,the varieties of K.coccinea were mixed,with great differences in fruit quality and yield,which makes it impossible to realize large-scale planting.In view of these problems,a series of studies have been carried out and the technical regulations for standardized planting of rare and multi-purpose wild fruit K.coccinea were formulated.

Prepulse inhibition deficits in antipsychotic-na-ve first-episode schizophrenia:a meta-analysis

Objective:Published studies have found prepulse inhibition(PPI)in schizophrenia is impaired,suggesting PPI may be a biomarker of schizophrenia.We aim to examine whether PPI deficits exist in antipsychotic-na-ve,first-episode schizophrenia,and evaluate the effect size of PPI deficits between patients and healthy controls.Methods:The effect size of PPI deficits was evaluated for PPI%by calculating standard mean differences(SMDs)between patients with antipsychotic-na-ve,first-episode schizophrenia and healthy controls.Results:Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria,consisting390antipsychotic-na-ve,first-episode schizophrenia and406healthy controls.The effect sizes of76dB PPI in60ms and120ms interstimulus interval(ISI)were-0.19and-0.41respectively,and the76dB PPI overall effect size was-0.30.The effect sizes of85/86dB PPI in30ms,60ms and120ms ISI were-0.25,-0.42and-0.59respectively,and the85/86dB PPI overall effect size was-0.46.One study were excluded due to heterogeneity in the85/86dB,120ms ISI group,the pooled effect size of the PPI differences between patient group and health control dropped to-0.42,and the overall effect size changed to-0.39.There were no statistical differences in startle magnitude(overall effect size=-0.18)and habituation%(overall effect size=-0.17)between patients and healthy controls.Conclusions:Antipsychotic-na-ve,first-episode schizophrenia patients exhibit robust and reliable deficits in PPI,85/86dB PPI deficit was more severe than76dB PPI,and85/86dB,60-ms ISI PPI was more likely to be a biomarker for schizophrenia,it suggested that the parameters of PPI are particularly significant to affect the effect size so that should be interpreted with cautions in the future studies.

Distribution,Frequency and Variation of Stripe Rust Resistance Loci Yr10,Lr34/Yr18 and Yr36 in Chinese Wheat Cultivars

Wheat stripe rust is a devastating disease in many regions of the world. In wheat, 49 resistance genes for stripe rust have been officially documented, but only three genes are cloned, including the race-specific resistance YrlO candidate gene （YrlOca） and slow-rusting genes Lr34/Yr18 （hereafter designated as Yrl8） and Fr36. In this study, we developed gene-specific markers for these genes and used them to screen a collection of 659 wheat accessions, including 485 Chinese cultivars. Thirteen percent and eleven percent of the tested Chinese cultivars were positive for the markers for YrlOca and Yr18nn （the resistant haplotype of YrlS）, respectively, but none were positive for the Yr36 marker. Since there is a limited use of the YrlO gene in Chinese wheat, the relatively high frequency of wheat varieties with the YrlOcG marker suggests that the identity of the YrlO gene is unknown. With regards to the Yr18 gene, 29% of the tested cultivars that are used in the Middle and Lower Yangtze Valleys＇ winter wheat zone were positive for Yrl8RH markers. A non-functional allele of Yrl8Rn was identified in ＇Mingxian 169＇, a commonly used susceptible check for studying stripe rust. The data presented here will provide useful information for marker-assisted selection for wheat stripe rust resistance.

Phylogenetics of varied subtypes of avian influenza viruses in China： potential threat to humans

Dear Editor, Since February 2013, infections with several novel avian- origin influenza viruses have occurred in Taiwan and the Mainland of China. The H7N9 influenza virus has caused 136 human infections with 44 deaths in the first influenza season, and has continued to cause infections during the current influenza season （Li et al., 2014）. As of February 11th, 2014, a total of 331 human infections with 101 deaths in China have been reported （http：//www.nhfpc.gov.cn）. During the outbreak of H7N9 in the Mainland of China, Tai- wan reported the first human infection of avian H6N1 influ- enza virus, which again hit the public （Shi et al., 2013a; Wei et al., 2013）. In November 2013, the first infection of H10N8 influenza virus was reported by Nanchang Center for Dis- ease Control and Prevention （Chen et al., 2014）.