Improved training framework in a neural network model for disruption prediction and its application on EXL-50

A neural network model with a classical annotation method has been used on the EXL-50tokamak to predict impending disruption.However,the results revealed issues of overfitting and overconfidence in predictions caused by inaccurate labeling.To mitigate these issues,an improved training framework has been proposed.In this approach,soft labels from previous training serve as teachers to supervise the further learning process;this has lead to a significant improvement in predictive model performance.Notably,this enhancement is primarily attributed to the coupling effect of the soft labels and correction mechanism.This improved training framework introduces an instance-specific label smoothing method,which reflects a more nuanced model assessment on the likelihood of a disruption.It presents a possible solution to effectively address the challenges associated with accurate labeling across different machines.

Glutamine transporters as effective targets in digestive system malignant tumor treatment

Glutamine is one of the most abundant non-essential amino acids in human plasma and plays a crucial role in many biological processes of the human body.Tumor cells take up a large amount of glutamine to meet their rapid proliferation requirements,which is supported by the upregulation of glutamine transporters.Targeted inhibition of glutamine transporters effectively inhibits cell growth and proliferation in tumors.Among all cancers,digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs)have the highest incidence and mortality rates,and the current therapeutic strategies for DSMTs are mainly surgical resection and chemotherapy.Due to the relatively low survival rate and severe side effects associated with DSMTs treatment,new treatment strategies are urgently required.This article summarizes the glutamine transporters involved in DSMTs and describes their role in DSMTs.Additionally,glutamine transportertarget drugs are discussed,providing theoretical guidance for the further development of drugs DSMTs treatment.

Experimental confirmation of the linear relation between plasma current and external vertical magnetic field in EXL-50 spherical torus energetic electron plasmas

A three-fluid equilibrium plasma with bulk plasma and energetic electrons has been observed on the Xuanlong-50(EXL-50) spherical torus, where the energetic electrons play a crucial role in sustaining the plasma current and pressure. In this study, the equilibrium of a multi-fluid plasma was investigated by analyzing the relationship between the external vertical magnetic field(B_(V)),plasma current(I_(p)), the poloidal ratio(β_(p)) and the Shafranov formula. Remarkably, our research demonstrates some validity of the Shafranov formula in the presence of multi-fluid plasma in EXL-50 spherical torus. This finding holds significant importance for future reactors as it allows for differentiation between alpha particles and background plasma. The study of multi-fluid plasma provides a significant reference value for the equilibrium reconstruction of burning plasma involving alpha particles.

注册制背景下风险信息披露对新股破发的影响研究

本文选取2019-2022年科创板和创业板上市公司数据,采用文本分析技术,研究注册制背景下招股说明书风险信息披露对IPO破发的影响。研究发现,招股说明书风险信息披露数量与IPO破发负相关,即风险信息披露篇幅越长,破发概率越低;招股说明书风险信息披露质量与IPO破发负相关,即特质性风险信息披露越多,破发概率越低。异质性分析发现,招股说明书风险信息披露与IPO破发的负向关系受到分析师关注度、机构投资者持股比例与私募股权投资持股比例的影响。进一步研究表明,招股说明书中内控风险信息的披露更能降低IPO破发概率;风险信息披露质量越高,上市公司长期市场表现越好;在市盈率高的组别,风险信息披露更能够缓解IPO破发现象;最后以注册制试点作为制度场景,发现注册制市场化会使风险披露篇幅越长的企业破发天数越长,风险披露相似度越高的企业破发天数越短。本文有助于上市公司优化风险信息披露水平,同时为资本市场定价效率的提升提供了经验证据。

Epigenetic drug library screening reveals targeting DOT1L abrogates NAD^(+)synthesis by reprogramming H3K79 methylation in uveal melanoma

Uveal melanoma(UM)is the most frequent and life-threatening ocular malignancy in adults.Aberrant histone methylation contributes to the abnormal transcriptome during oncogenesis.However,a comprehensive understanding of histone methylation patterns and their therapeutic potential in UM remains enigmatic.Herein,using a systematic epi-drug screening and a high-throughput transcriptome profiling of histone methylation modifiers,we observed that disruptor of telomeric silencing-1-like(DOT1L),a methyltransferase of histone H3 lysine 79(H3K79),was activated in UM,especially in the high-risk group.Concordantly,a systematic epi-drug library screening revealed that DOT1L inhibitors exhibited salient tumor-selective inhibitory effects on UM cells,both in vitro and in vivo.Combining Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation(CUT&Tag),RNA sequencing(RNA-seq),and bioinformatics analysis,we identified that DOT1L facilitated H3K79 methylation of nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase(NAPRT)and epigenetically activated its expression.Importantly,NAPRT served as an oncogenic accelerator by enhancing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+))synthesis.Therapeutically,DOT1L inhibition epigenetically silenced NAPRT expression through the diminishment of dimethylation of H3K79(H3K79me2)in the NAPRT promoter,thereby inhibiting the malignant behaviors of UM.Conclusively,our findings delineated an integrated picture of the histone methylation landscape in UM and unveiled a novel DOT1L/NAPRT oncogenic mechanism that bridges transcriptional addiction and metabolic reprogramming.

论章太炎对钟鼎文字的态度转向

人们普遍认为章太炎不信钟鼎。但从章氏书信、年谱及著述中有关钟鼎彝器的观点,可发现其对钟鼎由“疑”到“信”,只是对宋、清人的释文评价甚低。章氏曾搜求铜器,对铜器的制作材料、铜器拓片以及钟鼎著述都有过关注或研究,还参考钟鼎文字解释《说文》以及《三体石经》等。章氏对钟鼎文字与《说文》关系的讨论,反映了他作为传统小学家“以《说文》为中心”的主张;同时他又不得不承认以《说文》解释古文的局限性,因此也兼采彝器古文。

利用计算机技术手段窃取他人虚拟财产行为的刑法规制

利用计算机技术手段窃取他人虚拟财产行为如何定罪处罚,是按照盗窃罪等侵财类犯罪定罪处罚,还是按照破坏计算机信息系统罪,抑或是按照非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪等计算机类犯罪定罪处罚,在刑法理论上与司法实践中存在很大争议。从法学理论的角度看,界定窃取虚拟财产行为性质的关键在于区分虚拟财产的法律属性,如果虚拟财产不属于刑法意义上保护的财产,则不能构成盗窃罪,可能构成计算机类犯罪。如果虚拟财产属于刑法保护的财产,可能同时构成盗窃罪与计算机类犯罪的,应按照《刑法》第二百八十七条关于利用计算机实施有关犯罪的规定处罚,同时,是否影响计算机系统的正常运行是认定破坏计算机信息系统罪的应有之义,对利用计算机窃取虚拟财产的定罪处罚还要符合罪责刑相适应原则。

虚假诉讼罪司法解释适用中的重点与难点问题研究——以“套路贷”案件为例

“两高”最新司法解释针对虚假诉讼罪的行为方式、定罪量刑标准等方面进行了深入阐释,但司法实践中对于涉及虚假诉讼的疑难问题仍需进一步探讨。对虚假诉讼行为的认定需要考虑行为方式与后果两方面。“套路贷”与民间借贷存在本质区别,“套路贷”犯罪案件中以虚构民间借贷提起民事诉讼不属于“两高”最新司法解释中的“部分篡改型”,其符合虚假诉讼罪的本质特征。合理保障诉权与打击虚假诉讼犯罪应当并重,因此,有必要构建多层次、多梯次的虚假诉讼处理机制与公检法案件线索发现移送机制。

恶意透支型信用卡诈骗案件适用最新司法解释的解析

两高2018年12月1日实施的《关于修改<关于办理妨害信用卡管理刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释>的决定》,针对当前恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪法律适用中存在的突出问题,对原解释进行修改,凸显恶意透支“以非法占有为目的”独立要件地位,强调对“非法占有目的”的综合考量,并允许提出反证。明确恶意透支催收的有效性,强调必须同时满足“有效催收”的实体条件和证据条件,进一步规范了入罪标准。大幅提高定罪量刑的数额标准,完善恶意透支数额的计算方法,确立从宽处理规则,符合宽严相济刑事政策。

单位内部人员非法占有本单位财物定性职务侵占与盗窃之界分

在公司、企业或其他单位中,其内部人员非法占有本单位财物,是认定职务侵占罪还是盗窃罪的争议由来已久,两罪均属于侵财犯罪,在犯罪目的、主观方面有着相似之处,在犯罪主体、行为手段、犯罪对象方面也有着明显的界限。而公司、企业或其他单位内部人员实施上述犯罪行为时,由于犯罪主体的特殊性、犯罪手段的复杂性、犯罪对象的一致性,使得两罪的界限更加模糊,两罪的区分更加困难。我们认为,界定该类型侵财犯罪行为性质的关键在于区分职务便利与工作便利,如果行为人利用了职务上的便利非法占有单位财物的构成职务侵占罪,如果行为人利用了工作上的便利非法占有单位财物的则构成盗窃罪。同时,对单位内部人员侵财犯罪的定罪量刑要遵循罚当其罪的原则。

长三角区域司法案例指导工作协同机制研究

区域法治化是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要组成部分,必须发挥司法案例指导在长三角区域统一法律适用中的重要作用。由于长三角区域独特的区位特征,由此形成司法理念的差异、法律政策的不统一、社会治理的薄弱是构建司法案例指导工作机制的现实困境。构建长三角司法案例指导工作协同机制,需要转变案例指导工作理念,扩大案例指导范围,深化信息资源共享机制,完善成果交流转化,加强典型案例的研讨,形成区域内共同的执法办案标准,共同推动案例工作的协调发展。

CT和MRI对肌肉中硬纤维瘤的影像分析及鉴别

目的探讨硬纤维瘤(DT)的计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)影像学表现,分析DT的影像学特点及诊断意义。方法选取北京朝阳中西医结合急诊抢救中心经手术病理证实的14例DT患者的临床资料及CT和MRI的影像资料,选取同期健康体检者14例作为对照。结果 14例DT患者:发病部位2例上肢,7例下肢,1例腹部,2例颈肩部,2例骨盆;13例位于深部软组织,1例位于骨内;2例多发,4例术后复发,2例伴发其他肿瘤。CT扫描中11例密度低于肌肉,3例密度与肌肉相仿,11例病灶内可见星芒状或条索状低密度影,增强扫描1例未见强化,11例病灶轻度强化,2例病灶明显强化,10例边界较清晰,4例边界不清晰,周围肌肉及肌肉间隙受压移位。MRI扫描中,11例梭形肿块,2例类圆形肿块,1例不规则形肿块,T1WI序列中5例低信号,9例等信号,0例高信号;T2WI序列中1例低信号,1例等信号,12例高信号;SPIR序列中13例高信号,1例低信号;增强扫描中,1例未见强化,11例轻中度强化,2例呈明显强化。CT与MRI强化基本一致。1例伴发神经性多发纤维瘤,1例伴发神经鞘瘤,14例病中均未见液化坏死区及钙化。结论 DT在CT及MRI有一定的特征性,但缺乏特异性,较单独CT检查与单独超声,CT联合MRI诊断具有一定优势。

Homocysteine, hypertension, and risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population: a prospective study

BACKGROUND Increased homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and death.However,their prevention has not been effective in decreasing CVD risk.This study investigated the individual and combined associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with incident CVD events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population without a history of CVD.METHODS This prospective study was conducted among 1,257 elderly participants(mean age:69 years).A questionnaire survey,physical examinations,and laboratory tests were conducted to collect baseline data.Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as homocysteine level≥15μmol/L.H-type hypertension was defined as concomitant hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate individual and combined associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with the risks of incident CVD events and all-cause death.RESULTS Over a median of 4.84-year follow-up,hyperhomocysteinemia was independently associated with incident CVD events and all-cause death.The hazard ratios(HRs)were 1.45(95%CI:1.01−2.08)for incident CVD events and 1.55(95%CI:1.04−2.30)for all-cause death.After adjustment for confounding factors,H-type hypertension had the highest HRs for incident CVD events and all-cause death.The fully adjusted HRs were 2.44 for incident CVD events(95%CI:1.28−4.65),2.07 for stroke events(95%CI:1.01−4.29),8.33 for coronary events(95%CI:1.10−63.11),and 2.31 for all-cause death(95%CI:1.15−4.62).CONCLUSIONS Hyperhomocysteinemia was an independent risk factor,and when accompanied by hypertension,it contrib-uted to incident CVD events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population without a history of CVD.

Effect of telehealth interventions on major cardiovascular outcomes： a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials

Background Telehealth interventions （THI） were associated with lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors in adults, whereas the effect of THI on cardiovascular disease （CVD） still remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials （RCT） which investigated potential impact of THI on the incidence of CVD in patients with or without prior CVD. Methods PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify RCTs to fit our analysis through December 2016. Relative risk （RR） with its 95% confidence interval （CI） was used to measure the effect of THI using a random-effect model. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, heterogeneity tests, and tests for publication bias were also conducted. Results Eight RCTs were included and with a total of 1635 individuals. The summarized results indicated that participants who received THI showed a significant reduction of the CVD incidence as compared with usual care （RR： 0.59; 95% CI： 0.47-0.74; P 〈 0.001）. Furthermore, the effect of THI was greater in patients with history ofCVD （RR： 0.55; 95% CI： 0.44-0.70; P 〈 0.001） than in patients without history ofCVD （RR： 0.99; 95% CI： 0.51-1.94; P = 0.977）. Sensitivity analysis suggested that the intervention effect persisted and the conclusion was not changed. Subgroup analysis indi- cated mean age, study quality might play an important role on the risk of CVD. Conclusions The findings of this study indicated THI could reduce the recurrence of CVD. Further large-scale trials are needed to verify the effect of THI on CVD in healthy individuals.

Improved STAP algorithm based on APES

Space-time adaptive processing（STAP） has been proven to be one of the best techniques capable of detecting weak moving targets in strong clutter environment and has been widely applied in airborne ground moving target indication（GMTI） radar.This paper applies an amplitude and phase estimation（APES） approach to two aspects of the STAP algorithm.Firstly,APES is applied to accurately describe the clutter characteristic in angle-Doppler domain.Then,APES is incorporated into the standard STAP algorithm to improve its performance without increasing transmitting/receiving channel and pulse number.The experimental examples show that the detection performance can be improved by using the APES technique,as well as the high computational complexity can be avoided.

Combined effects of cycling endurance and total ionizing dose on floating gate memory cells

The combined effects of cycling endurance and radiation on floating gate memory cell are investigated in detail,and the obtained results are listed below.(i)The programmed flash cells with a prior appropriate number of program and easing cycling stress exhibit much smaller threshold voltage shift than without those in response to radiation,which is ascribed mainly to the recombination of trapped electrons(introduced by cycling stress)and trapped holes(introduced by irradiation)in the oxide surrounding the floating gate.(ii)The radiation induced transconductance degradation in prior cycled flash cell is more severe than those without cycling stress in the programmed state or erased state.(iii)Radiation is more likely to set up the interface generation in programmed state than in erased state.This paper will be useful in understanding the issues involved in cycling endurance and radiation effects as well as in designing radiation hardened floating gate memory cells.

The antiapoptotic effect of insulin against anoxia/reoxygenation injury in cultured cardiomyocyte of neonatal rat

Objective： To study protective effect of insulin against cardiomyocyte apoptosis in anoxia/reoxygenation （A/R） injury of neonatal rat. Methods： The model of A/R injury was finished through receiving anoxia for 2h and reoxygenation for 4h in cultured cardiomyocytes of neonatal rat. The cardiomyocytes were divided randomly into 3 groups： control group （CON）, anoxia/reoxygenation group （A/R） and insulin-treated group （INS）. At the end of reoxygenation of 4 hours, activities of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, contents of malondiaidehyde （MDA）, were assessed through spectrophotometric procedures, myocyte apoptosis were detected through TUNEL and DNA Ladder. Results： MDA, LDH, and Apoptosis Index were significantly decreased in INS group compared with A/R group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Insulin has a protective effect against A/R injury in cultured cardiomyocyte of neonatal rat; the protective mechanism may contribute to antiapoptosis of insulin.

Health education improves effectively therapy of inpatients with hypertension

Objective： Low rate of medication usage and blood pressure （BP） control, bad lifestyle, poor cognition to hypertension, have been obstacles in prevention from hypertensive disease and complication in Chinese cohort. Health education appears to be an impendent measure to improve this situation. To study the effect of health education on the rate of medication usage and BP control, the lifestyle, and the incidence of complication among patients with hypertension. Methods ： 284 hypertensive inpatients were divided randomly into two groups： the control group was intervened with routine medication; the education group was intervened with routine medication in combination with intensive health education according to the investigation on the risk factors of cardiocerebrovascular diseases and cognitive levels of hypertensive .disease. During 12.16 ± 1.95 months of following up, the status of lifestyle, the rate of medication usage and BP control, and incidence of complications between two groups were analyzed. Results： In education group, the rate of smoking, alcohol intake, lower-salt ingesting, exercise, medication usage and BP control were improved after intervention and significantly different from those before intervention （P 〈 0.01）. After intervention, the incidence of complications in education group and control group was 10.9% and 30.5% respectively （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion ： Intensive health education is an important measure in preventing from hypertension.

Release of myocardial noradrenaline during acute hibernation in the isolated rat heart

Objective： To explore the release of myocardial noradrenaline during acute hibernation. Methods： The hearts were gained from rats and set up as modified Langendorf preparations beating isometrically. They were perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer under controlled pressure. Mechanical measurements and coronary effluent were recorded simultaneously at 30min intervals for 150min. Lactate dehydrogenase in coronary effluent was assayed at the beginning, 60min and 120min low-flow ischemia. Noradrenaline in coronary effluent was determined at the beginning of low-flow and 120min of low-flow ischemia and also in control, during hibernation and after 30min reperfusion during stimulation, myocardial noradrenaline response on tyramine was investigated in absence or presence of desipramine after 30min reperfusion. Results： In the control, there was nosignificant chant in noradrenaline overflow during 120min perfusion; In the acute myocardial hibernation group, there was also nosignificant difference in noradrenaline overflow between the beginning and 120min low-flow ischemia. The electrical field stimulation-induced overflow of noradrenaline during hibernation myocardium was significantly less than preischemia or after reperfusion, but there was nosignificant difference between preischemia and reperfusion group. Tyramine induced significant noradrenaline release in absence of desipramine after 30min reperfusion, but this increase in noradrenaline release had nosignificant in the presence of desipramine. These studies indicated that there was not significant spontaneous noadrenaline overflow during acute myocardial hibernation in isolated rat hearts, the stimulation-induced noradrenaline overflow decreased during hibernation and restored to the level of preischemia after reperfusion, myocardial noradrenaline response to tyramine remained after 30min reperfusion. Conclusion： Myocardial noradrenaline overflow may not contribute to the development of acute myocardial hibernation and the function of sympathetic nerve may also maintain in hibernation as myocardium does during acute myocardial hibernation, reperfusion of myocardium may contribute to restoring the function of sympathetic nerve.

Evaluation of NBI absorption and fast ion stored energy to improve thermal energy confinement time calculation in EAST

The absorption of neutral beam power and the fast ion stored energy in EAST plasmas with neutral beam injection(NBI)is analyzed to improve the calculation of thermal energy confinement time.The neutral beam power absorption and fast ion stored energy are systematically calculated using the TRANSP code,through the investigation of global parameters including plasma current,line averaged density and beam energy.Results have shown that scaling laws for the NBI absorption coefficient and fast ion energy rate are obtained through statistical analysis.A comparison of the confinement improvement factor H98y2 with these new scaling laws against those assuming fixed coefficients is given.