关节炎健康效用值映射法转换的研究进展

目的系统梳理关节炎健康效用值映射函数式,以期为国内关节炎健康效用值领域的发展研究提供可供借鉴的科学参考。方法以2007~2019年为检索年限,收集国内外关于关节炎相关疾病量表和健康效用值映射法转化的研究文献,汇总并整理。结果国外映射法研究较为成熟,国内尚处于起步阶段。关节炎映射法研究多为叙述性文献,实证类文献较少,研究对象覆盖深度缺乏全面性。结论加大样本量提升预测精确度;增加构建的映射模型种类,增强预测可信度;拓宽研究领域,增加疾病研究种类。

A review of electrospun separators for lithium-based batteries: Progress and application prospects

Due to the limitations of the raw materials and processes involved,polyolefin separators used in commercial lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have gradually failed to meet the increasing requirements of high-end batteries in terms of energy density,power density,and safety.Hence,it is very important to develop next-generation separators for advanced lithium(Li)-based recharge-able batteries including LIBs and Li-S batteries.Nonwoven nanofiber membranes fabricated via electrospinning technology are highly attractive candidates for high-end separators due to their simple processes,low-cost equipment,controllable microporous structure,wide material applicability,and availability of multiple functions.In this review,the electrospinning technologies for separators are reviewed in terms of devices,process and environment,and polymer solution systems.Furthermore,strategies toward the improvement of electrospun separators in advanced LIBs and Li-S batteries are presented in terms of the compositions and the structure of nanofibers and separators.Finally,the challenges and prospects of electrospun separators in both academia and industry are proposed.We anticipate that these systematic discussions can provide information in terms of commercial applications of electrospun separators and offer new perspectives for the design of functional electrospun separators for advanced Li-based batteries.

Efficacy and safety of rasagiline in Chinese patients with early Parkinson’s disease:a randomized, double-blind,parallel,placebo-controlled,fixed-dose study

Background:Rasagiline is a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor used for Parkinson’s disease(PD)treatment,but its effectiveness on Chinese patients is unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rasagiline monotherapy in Chinese patients with early PD.Methods:A 26-weeks,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled study has been performed at 15 sites in China and enrolled outpatients(≥35 years old)with idiopathic PD without a history of using any dopaminergic drugs.Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive rasagiline 1 mg once daily or placebo.The primary endpoint was the change of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS)total score from baseline to 26 weeks treatment.Secondary endpoints included changes in UPDRS subscale scores from part Ⅰ to Ⅲ.Health status was assessed with the PD Questionnaire(PDQ)-39 and EuroQol-Five-Dimension(EQ-5D)questionnaire.Safety profile was collected until 30 weeks after randomization.Results:A total of 130 patients(n=65/group)were recruited,and 127(rasagiline,n=64;placebo,n=63)were included in the full analysis set.Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups.The decrease in the mean UPDRS total score was greater in the rasagiline group than in the placebo group(−3.18±0.95 vs.−0.18±0.98,P=0.025),and the mean UPDRS part I non-motor symptoms score(−0.54±0.15 vs.-0.08±0.15,P=0.003)were significantly decreased in the rasagiline group compared with placebo treated patients.An improvement trend was observed in the active treatment group for the subscales evaluation with parts Ⅱ and Ⅲ,while the difference to placebo was not statistically significant.Life quality assessed by the EQ-5D visual analog scale improved in the rasagiline group but worsened in placebo treated patients.The overall incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events(AEs)was slightly lower in the rasagiline group(41.5%)than in the placebo group(46.2%).Conclusions:Rasagiline is effective,safe,and well tolerated as monotherapy for the treatment of Chinese PD patients.

Spatially controlled lithium deposition on Li_(x)Cu_(y)P_(z) arrays enabling highly stable lithium metal batteries

Lithium(Li)metal is a potential anode for high-energy-density batteries because of its low potential and ultrahigh capacity.Nevertheless,the Li dendrites formation,the ununiform Li deposition,and the growth of Li dendrites hamper its application,especially under high deposition capacity/high rate.Here,a spatially controlled Li deposition mode with array-oriented morphology is achieved based on the novel mixed ion/electron-conducting Li_(x)Cu_(y)P_(z) arrays constructed on Cu foil,which can be facile fabricated via an in-situ transformation of metal phosphide.Theoretic calculations indicate the excellent lithiophilicity and low Li diffusion barrier of the arrays,especially for the Li_(2)CuP phase,which are conducive to ho-mogenizing the Li nucleation/deposition of Li.Moreover,such mixed conducting arrays promote fast Li+diffusion via the continuous Li+pathways as well as modulate the Li+flux/electric field.Furthermore,the arrays with enlarged specific surface area and open spaces reduce the local current density and alle-viate the volume fluctuation of Li.Consequently,a dendrite-free Li anode is obtained under a high rate(20 mA cm^(–2))or a high deposition capacity(10 mAh cm^(–2)).In addition,even if the negative/positive ratio reduces to only 1.1,the full cells still perform outstanding stability for over 200 cycles.This work empha-sizes the importance of the design of the framework in terms of the intrinsic properties and structure and reveals a pathway for developing Li metal batteries.

Adjunct rasagiline to treat Parkinson’s disease with motor fluctuations:a randomized,double-blind study in China

Background:The use of adjunct rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations is supported by findings from large-scale clinical studies.This study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of adjunct rasagiline in Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease,as a product registration study.Methods:This 16-week,randomized,double-blind,parallel-group,multicenter,placebo-controlled study of rasagiline 1 mg/day included levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations.The primary efficacy endpoint was mean change from baseline in total daily OFF time over 16 weeks.Secondary endpoints were Clinical Global Impressions–Improvement(CGI-I),and change in Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS)Activities of daily living(ADL)and Motor scores.Patient well-being(EQ-5D),and the frequency of adverse events were also assessed.Results:In total,324 levodopa-treated patients were randomized to rasagiline 1 mg/day(n=165)or placebo(n=159).Over 16 weeks,rasagiline statistically significantly reduced the mean[95% confidence interval]total daily OFF time versus placebo(−0.5 h[−0.92,−0.07];p=0.023).There were also statistically significant improvements versus placebo in CGI-I(−0.4 points[−0.61,−0.22];p<0.001),UPDRS-ADL OFF(−1.0 points[−1.75,−0.27];p=0.008),and UPDRS-Motor ON(−1.6 points[−3.05,−0.14];p=0.032)scores,as well as the EQ-5D utility index(p<0.05).Rasagiline was safe and well tolerated.Conclusions:In levodopa-treated Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations,adjunct rasagiline 1 mg/day statistically significantly reduced OFF time,and improved daily function and overall well-being,versus placebo.Consistent with findings in other countries,adjunct rasagiline was proven efficacious and well tolerated in Chinese patients.