Regulation of different light conditions for efficient biomass production and protein accumulation of Spirulina platensis

Light plays an important role in the photosynthesis and metabolic process of microalgae.However,how different light conditions regulate the biomass production and protein accumulation of microalgae is mostly unknown.In this study,the influence of different light conditions,including light colors,densities,and light:dark cycles on the cell growth and biochemical composition of Spirulina platensis was symmetrically characterized.Under different colored lights,S.platensis all shows an increase trend within the increased light intensity ranges;however,each showing different optimal light intensities.At the same light intensity,different colored lights show different growth rate of S.platensis following the sequence of red>white>green>yellow>blue.The maximum growth rate and protein accumulation were determined as 21.88 and 5.10 mg/(L·d)when illuminated under red LED.The energy efficiency of different light sources was calculated and ranked as red>white>blue≈green>yellow.Transcriptomic analysis suggests that red light can promote cell growth and protein accumulation by upregulating genes related to photosynthesis,carbon fixation,and C-N metabolism pathways.This study provides a conducive and efficient way to promote biomass production and protein accumulation of S.platensis by regulating light conditions.

Erratum to:Regulation of different light conditions for efficient biomass production and protein accumulation of Spirulina platensis

In this article,the legend for Fig.3 f&g was inadvertently mislabeled.The figure below shows the wrong one.The figure should have appeared as shown below.

Preparation and Characterization of Phenolic Prepolymer Impregnated Chinese Fir by Cyclic Increasing-Pressure Method with Green and Efficient

The Chinese fir wood was impregnated using a cyclic increasingpressure method(CIPM)with phenolic prepolymers as the impregnating modifier.Unmodified Chinese fir and progressive increasing-pressure method(PIPM)impregnated Chinese fir were used as reference samples and were compared and analyzed.The product’s chemical structure,internal morphology,crystal structure,and heat resistance were characterized.The transversal and longitudinal sections showed better filling effects,so that it bore greater external loading and reduced the water storage space.CIPM infused more phenolic prepolymer into the Chinese fir.Not only producing more physical filling but also forming more hydrogen bond associations and chemical bond combinations.Compared with PIPM and unmodi-fied Chinese fir,the CIPM impregnated Chinese fir had better mechanical strength and water resistance.The cellulose chains in CIPM impregnated Chinese fir were more closely linked and their crystallinity were clearly improved.Changes in internal morphology and crystal structure explained the reason why the mechanical properties and water resistance of CIPM impregnated Chinese fir were improved significantly.This Chinese fir had lower thermal decomposition rates,higher decomposition residual rates,and smaller combustion flames,which confirmed that it possessed improved heat and fire resistance.

我国集成电路设备的全球竞争力、赶超困境与政策建议

作为集成电路制造的“母机”,设备在集成电路产业发展中至关重要。提升设备领域的可控力,是破解集成电路产业“卡脖子”问题的关键之一。总体来看,我国已成为集成电路设备的最大消费国,但在关键设备和先进制程设备上面临美国、日本和欧洲厂商的垄断控制甚至是打压。为推动产业自主发展,近年来我国在集成电路产业设备领域涌现出一大批开拓者,在一定程度上实现部分设备的有效替代。但是,在美国对华政策日趋紧张的大背景下,集成电路设备本身行业规模不大和超长的产业链特征,降低了后发者进入的吸引力,且难以突破领先者形塑的技术路线,在后发赶超过程中还会面临领先企业依托自身优势构筑的“进入壁垒”以及可能实施的“定向狙击”。为此,需进一步保持战略定力,推动设备领域的国产化和赶超发展,不仅要着眼于长期发展目标以加大政策支持力度和创新政策工具,还要把握技术、市场等机会窗口期推动产业跃迁,强化国际合作尤其是与韩国等处于类似市场地位的国家合作,完善我国在设备领域的供应链体系。

产业基础领域强基战略:中国集成电路材料领域的竞争与发展

产业链韧性和安全不仅来源于产品制造能力和市场影响力,也离不开其底层的基础材料支撑。作为集成电路产业的基础原材料和过程辅料,材料在集成电路产业发展中至关重要,也是数字经济发展的底层支撑。强化材料基础并提升自我保障能力,是保障我国集成电路产业系统风险的重要内容,也是培育未来竞争优势的力量来源。集成电路材料的全球市场表现出显著的“供需倒挂”特征,日本、美国和欧洲是全球集成电路材料供给的主导者,中国则是最大的消费国,我国集成电路材料自给能力严重不足,重要产品的国产化水平较低,产业安全和国际竞争力亟待提升。在夯实集成电路产业材料所需的人才、技术和知识产权根基基础之上,要加快传统化工企业、专业材料企业和科研院所三类市场主体的升级和培育,推动产业链上下游的有序合作,切实强化全产业链基础能力。此外,政府应发挥制度供给的功能,在战略上高度重视并强化多部门协同以形成合力,在布局上注重全产业链协同和重点突破,创新知识产权保护策略以支撑产业高质量发展。

Flexural Performance of CFRP-Bamboo Scrimber Composite Beams

This study presents a new structure made up of bamboo scrimber and carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)to address the low stiffness and strength of bamboo scrimbers.Three-point bending test and finite element model were conducted to study the failure mode,strain-displacement relationship,load-displacement relationship and relationships between strain distribution,contact pressure and deflection,and adhesive debonding.The results indicated that the flexural modulus and static flexural strength of the composite beams were effectively increased thanks to the CFRP sheets.The flexural modulus of the composite specimens were 2.33-2.94 times that of bamboo scrimber beams,and the flexural strength were 1.49-1.58 times that of bamboo scrimber beams.Adhesive debonding had a great influence on the strain distribution and deflection of the composite specimens.It was an important factor for the failure of the CFRP-bamboo scrimber composite specimens.According to the finite element simulation,the strain distribution,contact pressure and deflection also greatly changed with the adhesive debonding.After complete peeling,the deflection of the specimen was 3.09 times that of the unpeeled because it was no longer an integral beam.

Molecular Identification of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. and Its Adulterants Based on ITS2 Sequences

[ Objectives] The study was conducted to investigate the molecular identification of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. and its adulterants by DNA barcoding andspecific primer PCR. [ Methods] With ITS2 sequenceas DNA barcode, the materials were amplified by PCR and sequenced, and the NJ phylogenetic tree was constructed. The secondary structure of ITS2 was predicted by database and its website established by Koetschan et al. , and the self-designed primers were used to carry out specific primer PCR identification. [Results] ITS2 sequence length was around 470 bp. The results of cluster analysis showed that S. miltiorrhiza Bge. and its adulterants were clustered on different branches and showed monophyly. The comparison of secondary structure showed that S. miltiorrhiza Bge. had little differences from S. przewalskii, while there were significant differences from A. lappa in the number, size and location of stem-loop and the rotation angle of the spiral arm from the central ring. The specific primers could distinguish the S. miltiorrhiza Bge. and its counterfeits by PCR technique. [Conclusions] DNA barcoding and specific primer PCR are effective in distinguishing S. miltiorrhiza Bge. and its adulterants, and it has an important application foreground in the identification of Chinese herbal medicines.

混合菌群YC-BJ1对有机磷阻燃剂的降解及16S rRNA基因多样性分析

作为阻燃剂,有机磷酸酯广泛应用于工业制品和人类生活用品中,是一种全球性的环境污染物,因其具有特殊的理化性质,自然条件下很难水解。因此,对有机磷酸酯的微生物降解成了当下的研究热点。通过持续逐级富集,从北京某垃圾处理厂渗透液中富集到一个混合菌群(编号为YC-BJ1),并在降解特性、底物谱以及物种组成多样性3个方面对其进行定性鉴定。该菌群能够高效降解磷酸三苯酯(Triphenyl phosphate,TPhP)和磷酸三甲苯酯(Tricresyl phosphate,TCrP),培养4 d能够实现对100 mg/L TPhP和TCrP的基本降解,降解率分别为99.8%和91.9%。降解特性研究发现,该混合菌群具有出色的环境适应能力,能够在较宽的环境条件下(温度15–40℃,pH 5.0–12.0,0%–4%盐)保持对TPhP的降解能力。底物谱分析发现,混合菌群YC-BJ1能够降解部分含氯有机磷阻燃剂,培养4d,对磷酸三(1,3-二氯异丙基)酯(Tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate,TDCPP)和磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯(Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate,TCEP)的降解率分别为16.5%和22.0%。16S rRNA基因物种多样性分析发现,混合菌群YC-BJ1中物种丰度最高的3个菌属分别是生丝微菌属Hyphomicrobium(38.80%)、金黄杆菌属Chryseobacterium(17.57%)和鞘氨醇盒菌属Sphingopyxis(17.46%)。与目前已报道的有机磷阻燃剂降解菌和菌群相比,混合菌群在降解效率和环境适应能力方面都具有极大的优势,有较广泛的应用空间。高效降解菌群的富集能够为有机磷阻燃剂的降解及其环境污染生物修复提供微生物资源,并为其降解机理的探索提供支持。

Sustainable wood-based nanotechnologies for photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in aquatic environment

Wood-based nanotechnologies have received much attention in the area of photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in aquatic environment in recent years,because of the high abundance and renewability of wood as well as the high reaction activity and unique structural features of these materials.Herein,we present a comprehensive review of the current research activities centering on the development of wood-based nanocatalysts for photodegradation of organic pollutants.This review begins with a brief introduction of the development of photocatalysts and hierarchical structure of wood.The review then focuses on strategies of designing novel photocatalysts based on wood or its recombinants(such as 1D fiber,2D films and 3D porous gels)using advanced nanotechnology including sol-gel method,hydrothermal method,magnetron sputtering method,dipping method and so on.Next,we highlight typical approaches that improve the photocatalytic property,including metal element doping,morphology control and semiconductor coupling.Also,the structure-activity relationship of photocatalysts is emphasized.Finally,a brief summary and prospect of wood-derived photocatalysts is provided.