BACKGROUND Preoperative anxiety is a common emotional problem during the perioperative period and may adversely affect postoperative recovery.Emergence agitation(EA)is a common complication of general anesthesia that ...BACKGROUND Preoperative anxiety is a common emotional problem during the perioperative period and may adversely affect postoperative recovery.Emergence agitation(EA)is a common complication of general anesthesia that may increase patient discomfort and hospital stay and may be associated with the development of postoperative complications.Pre-anesthetic anxiety may be associated with the development of EA,but studies in this area are lacking.AIM To determine the relationship between pre-anesthetic anxiety and EA after radical surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).METHODS Eighty patients with NSCLC undergoing surgical treatment between June 2020 and June 2023 were conveniently sampled.We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale’s(HADS)anxiety subscale(HADS-A)to determine patients’anxiety at four time points(T1-T4):Patients’preoperative visit,waiting period in the surgical waiting room,after entering the operating room,and before anesthesia induction,respectively.The Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale(RSAS)examined EA after surgery.Scatter plots of HADS-A and RSAS scores assessed the correlation between patients’pre-anesthesia anxiety status and EA.We performed a partial correlation analysis of HADS-A scores with RSAS scores.RESULTS NSCLC patients’HADS-A scores gradually increased at the four time points:7.33±2.03 at T1,7.99±2.22 at T2,8.05±2.81 at T3,and 8.36±4.17 at T4.The patients’postoperative RSAS score was 4.49±1.18,and 27 patients scored≥5,indicating that 33.75%patients had EA.HADS-A scores at T3 and T4 were significantly higher in patients with EA(9.67±3.02 vs 7.23±2.31,12.56±4.10 vs 6.23±2.05,P<0.001).Scatter plots showed the highest correlation between HADS-A and RSAS scores at T3 and T4.Partial correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between HADS-A and RSAS scores at T3 and T4(r=0.296,0.314,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Agitation during anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing radical resection for NSCLC correlated with anxiety at the time of entering the operating room and before anesthesia induction.展开更多
Eighteen models based on two equations of state(EoS),three viscosity models,and four mixing rules were constructed to predict the viscosities of natural gases at high temperature and high pressure(HTHP)conditions.For ...Eighteen models based on two equations of state(EoS),three viscosity models,and four mixing rules were constructed to predict the viscosities of natural gases at high temperature and high pressure(HTHP)conditions.For pure substances,the parameters of free volume(FV)and entropy scaling(ES)models were found to scale with molecular weight,which indicates that the ordered behavior of parameters of Peng-Robinson(PR)and Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory(PC-SAFT)propagates to the behavior of parameters of viscosity model.Predicting the viscosities of natural gases showed that the FV and ES models respectively combined with MIX4 and MIX2 mixing rules produced the best accuracy.Moreover,the FV models were more accurate for predicting the viscosities of natural gases than ES models at HTHP conditions,while the ES models were superior to PRFT models.The average absolute relative deviations of the best accurate three models,i.e.,PC-SAFT-FV-MIX4,tPR-FVMIX4,and PC-SAFT-ES-MIX2,were 5.66%,6.27%,and 6.50%,respectively,which was available for industrial production.Compared with the existing industrial models(corresponding states theory and LBC),the proposed three models were more accurate for modeling the viscosity of natural gas,including gas condensate.展开更多
Downhole acoustic telemetry(DAT),using a long drill string with periodical structures as the channel,is a prospective technology for improving the transmission rate of logging while drilling(LWD)data.Previous studies ...Downhole acoustic telemetry(DAT),using a long drill string with periodical structures as the channel,is a prospective technology for improving the transmission rate of logging while drilling(LWD)data.Previous studies only focused on the acoustic property of a free drill string and neglected the coupling between pipes and fluid-filled boreholes.In addition to the drill-string waves,a series of fluid waves are recorded in the DAT channel,which has not been investigated yet.Unpredictable channel characteristics result in lower transmission rates and stability than expected.Therefore,a more realistic channel model is needed considering the fluid-filled borehole.In this paper,we propose a hybrid modeling method to investigate the response characteristics of the DAT channel.By combining the axial wavenumbers and excitation functions of mode waves in radially layered LWD structures,the channel model is approximated to the 1-D propagation,which considers transmission,reflection,and interconversion of the drillstring and fluid waves.The proposed 1-D approximation has been well validated by comparing the 2-D finite-difference modeling.It is revealed that the transmitted and converted fluid waves interfere with the drill-string wave,which characterizes the DAT channel as a particular coherent multi-path channel.When a fluid-filled borehole surrounds the drill string,the channel responses exhibit considerable delay as well as strong frequency selectivity in amplitude and phase.These new findings suggest that the complexity of the channel response has been underestimated in the past,and therefore channel measurements on the ground are unreliable.To address these channel characteristics,we apply a noncoherent demodulation strategy.The transmission rate for synthetic data reaches 15 bps in a 94.5 m long channel,indicating that the acoustic telemetry is promising to break the low-speed limitation of mud-pulse telemetry.展开更多
The paper develops a novel framework of consensus control with fault-estimation-in-the-loop for multi-agent systems(MASs)in the presence of faults.A dynamic event-triggered protocol(DETP)by adding an auxiliary variabl...The paper develops a novel framework of consensus control with fault-estimation-in-the-loop for multi-agent systems(MASs)in the presence of faults.A dynamic event-triggered protocol(DETP)by adding an auxiliary variable is utilized to improve the utilization of communication resources.First,a novel estimator with a noise bias is put forward to estimate the existed fault and then a consensus controller with fault compensation(FC)is adopted to realize the demand of reliability and safety of addressed MASs.Subsequently,a novel consensus control framework with fault-estimation-in-the-loop is developed to achieve the predetermined consensus performance with the l_(2)-l_(∞)constraint by employing the variance analysis and the Lyapunov stability approaches.Furthermore,the desired estimator and controller gains are obtained in light of the solution to an algebraic matrix equation and a linear matrix inequality in a recursive way,respectively.Finally,a simulation result is employed to verify the usefulness of the proposed design framework.展开更多
Aiming at disclosing the quantitative e ects of Coulomb forces on the ltration e ciency of aerosol particles, a three- dimensional random ber model was established to describe the microstructure of brous lters. Then, ...Aiming at disclosing the quantitative e ects of Coulomb forces on the ltration e ciency of aerosol particles, a three- dimensional random ber model was established to describe the microstructure of brous lters. Then, computational mod- els including the ow model, particle model, and electric eld model were constructed to estimate the ltration e ciency using the Fluent custom user-de ned function program, neglecting the non-uniformity of the ber potential and the particle charge distribution. The simulation results using the established models agreed with the data in the literature. In particular, the electric eld force was found to be one of the important factors required to improve the ltration e ciency estimation accuracy for the ultra ne particles. Moreover, the variation tendencies of the ltration e ciency and the pressure drop of brous lters were studied based on the in uence factors of the ber potential, particle charge-to-mass ratio, solid volume fraction, ber diameter, and face velocity. The established models and estimated results will provide important guidance on the design of high-e ciency particulate air lters for aerosol particles.展开更多
This article gives a review on heavy metal pollution prevention and control,and it also discusses heavy metal pollutant discharge,prediction and evaluation of environmental impact,and pollution prevention and monitoring.
Silicon(Si)and carbon(C)composites hold the promise for replacing the commercial graphite anode,thus increasing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).To mitigate the formation of SiC,this paper reports a m...Silicon(Si)and carbon(C)composites hold the promise for replacing the commercial graphite anode,thus increasing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).To mitigate the formation of SiC,this paper reports a molten salt electrolysis approach to prepare C-Si composite by the electrolysis of C-SiO2 composites.Unlike the conventional way of making a C coating on Si,C-SiO2 composites were prepared by pyrolyzing the low-cost sucrose and silica.The electrochemical deoxidation of the C-SiO2 composites not only produces nanostructured Si inside the C matrix but also introduces voids between the C and Si owing to the volume shrinkage from converting SiO2 to Si.More importantly,the use of Mg ion-containing molten salts precludes the generation of SiC,and the electrolytic Si@C composite anode delivers a capacity of about 1500 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g-1.Further,the Si@C‖LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 full cell delivers a high energy density of 608 Wh kg-1.Overall,the molten salt approach provides a one-step electrochemical way to convert oxides@C to metals@C functional materials.展开更多
TO accurately evaluate the global impact of the Belt and Road Initiative,we should first understand what it is and how it affects the rest of the world,without speculating about whether China has ulterior motives behi...TO accurately evaluate the global impact of the Belt and Road Initiative,we should first understand what it is and how it affects the rest of the world,without speculating about whether China has ulterior motives behind the project.Over the past three years,the initial ideas behind the Belt and Road Initiative have gradually展开更多
Since the concept of invisible cloak was proposed by Pendry and Leonhardt in 2006, many researchers have applied the theory of coordinate transformation to thermodynamics and overcome the complexity of inhomogeneous a...Since the concept of invisible cloak was proposed by Pendry and Leonhardt in 2006, many researchers have applied the theory of coordinate transformation to thermodynamics and overcome the complexity of inhomogeneous and anisotropic of material parameters. However, only two-dimensional(2 D) thermal illusion devices are researched recently. According to this situation, our study focuses on three-dimensional(3 D) thermal illusion devices including shrinker(or invisible cloak),concentrator, amplifier, reshaper, and rotator with arbitrary shape in a general way. In this paper, the corresponding material parameters of thermal illusion devices mentioned above are derived based on the theory of transformation thermodynamics and the simulated results agree well with the theoretical derivations. In addition, the conventional invisible cloak just controls the temperature gradient rather than the temperature value which is more concerned in physical applications. Here,we find that the temperature value of the cloaked object can be controlled by adjusting the location of the original point of the coordinate system.展开更多
The composition of serum is extremely complex,which complicates the discovery of new pharmacodynamic biomarkers via serum proteome for disease prediction and diagnosis.Recently,nanoparticles have been reported to effi...The composition of serum is extremely complex,which complicates the discovery of new pharmacodynamic biomarkers via serum proteome for disease prediction and diagnosis.Recently,nanoparticles have been reported to efficiently reduce the proportion of high-abundance proteins and enrich lowabundance proteins in serum.Here,we synthesized a silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticle and developed a highly efficient and reproducible protein corona(PC)-based proteomic analysis strategy to improve the range of serum proteomic analysis.We identified 1,070 proteins with a median coefficient of variation of 12.56%using PC-based proteomic analysis,which was twice the number of proteins identified by direct digestion.There were also more biological processes enriched with these proteins.We applied this strategy to identify more pharmacodynamic biomarkers on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model treated with methotrexate(MTX).The bioinformatic results indicated that 485 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were found in CIA rats,of which 323 DEPs recovered to near normal levels after treatment with MTX.This strategy can not only help enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of disease and drug action through serum proteomics studies,but also provide more pharmacodynamic biomarkers for disease prediction,diagnosis,and treatment.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Preoperative anxiety is a common emotional problem during the perioperative period and may adversely affect postoperative recovery.Emergence agitation(EA)is a common complication of general anesthesia that may increase patient discomfort and hospital stay and may be associated with the development of postoperative complications.Pre-anesthetic anxiety may be associated with the development of EA,but studies in this area are lacking.AIM To determine the relationship between pre-anesthetic anxiety and EA after radical surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).METHODS Eighty patients with NSCLC undergoing surgical treatment between June 2020 and June 2023 were conveniently sampled.We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale’s(HADS)anxiety subscale(HADS-A)to determine patients’anxiety at four time points(T1-T4):Patients’preoperative visit,waiting period in the surgical waiting room,after entering the operating room,and before anesthesia induction,respectively.The Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale(RSAS)examined EA after surgery.Scatter plots of HADS-A and RSAS scores assessed the correlation between patients’pre-anesthesia anxiety status and EA.We performed a partial correlation analysis of HADS-A scores with RSAS scores.RESULTS NSCLC patients’HADS-A scores gradually increased at the four time points:7.33±2.03 at T1,7.99±2.22 at T2,8.05±2.81 at T3,and 8.36±4.17 at T4.The patients’postoperative RSAS score was 4.49±1.18,and 27 patients scored≥5,indicating that 33.75%patients had EA.HADS-A scores at T3 and T4 were significantly higher in patients with EA(9.67±3.02 vs 7.23±2.31,12.56±4.10 vs 6.23±2.05,P<0.001).Scatter plots showed the highest correlation between HADS-A and RSAS scores at T3 and T4.Partial correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between HADS-A and RSAS scores at T3 and T4(r=0.296,0.314,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Agitation during anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing radical resection for NSCLC correlated with anxiety at the time of entering the operating room and before anesthesia induction.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(No.202209225014)National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(Grant No.52222402)+8 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52234003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52074235)National Science and Technology Major Project of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period(2016ZX05062)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2021YJ0345)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51874251,51774243,52174036,and 51704247)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(NO.2022JDJQ0009)shale gas industry development Institute of Sichuan province,International S&T Cooperation Program of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2019YFH0169)the Deep Marine shale gas efficient development Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation(111 Center)Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance(No.2020CX020202,2020CX030202).
文摘Eighteen models based on two equations of state(EoS),three viscosity models,and four mixing rules were constructed to predict the viscosities of natural gases at high temperature and high pressure(HTHP)conditions.For pure substances,the parameters of free volume(FV)and entropy scaling(ES)models were found to scale with molecular weight,which indicates that the ordered behavior of parameters of Peng-Robinson(PR)and Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory(PC-SAFT)propagates to the behavior of parameters of viscosity model.Predicting the viscosities of natural gases showed that the FV and ES models respectively combined with MIX4 and MIX2 mixing rules produced the best accuracy.Moreover,the FV models were more accurate for predicting the viscosities of natural gases than ES models at HTHP conditions,while the ES models were superior to PRFT models.The average absolute relative deviations of the best accurate three models,i.e.,PC-SAFT-FV-MIX4,tPR-FVMIX4,and PC-SAFT-ES-MIX2,were 5.66%,6.27%,and 6.50%,respectively,which was available for industrial production.Compared with the existing industrial models(corresponding states theory and LBC),the proposed three models were more accurate for modeling the viscosity of natural gas,including gas condensate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174421 and 11734017)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,China(Grant Nos.YJKYYQ20200072 and GJJSTD20210008).
文摘Downhole acoustic telemetry(DAT),using a long drill string with periodical structures as the channel,is a prospective technology for improving the transmission rate of logging while drilling(LWD)data.Previous studies only focused on the acoustic property of a free drill string and neglected the coupling between pipes and fluid-filled boreholes.In addition to the drill-string waves,a series of fluid waves are recorded in the DAT channel,which has not been investigated yet.Unpredictable channel characteristics result in lower transmission rates and stability than expected.Therefore,a more realistic channel model is needed considering the fluid-filled borehole.In this paper,we propose a hybrid modeling method to investigate the response characteristics of the DAT channel.By combining the axial wavenumbers and excitation functions of mode waves in radially layered LWD structures,the channel model is approximated to the 1-D propagation,which considers transmission,reflection,and interconversion of the drillstring and fluid waves.The proposed 1-D approximation has been well validated by comparing the 2-D finite-difference modeling.It is revealed that the transmitted and converted fluid waves interfere with the drill-string wave,which characterizes the DAT channel as a particular coherent multi-path channel.When a fluid-filled borehole surrounds the drill string,the channel responses exhibit considerable delay as well as strong frequency selectivity in amplitude and phase.These new findings suggest that the complexity of the channel response has been underestimated in the past,and therefore channel measurements on the ground are unreliable.To address these channel characteristics,we apply a noncoherent demodulation strategy.The transmission rate for synthetic data reaches 15 bps in a 94.5 m long channel,indicating that the acoustic telemetry is promising to break the low-speed limitation of mud-pulse telemetry.
基金supported in part by the Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DE200101128)。
文摘The paper develops a novel framework of consensus control with fault-estimation-in-the-loop for multi-agent systems(MASs)in the presence of faults.A dynamic event-triggered protocol(DETP)by adding an auxiliary variable is utilized to improve the utilization of communication resources.First,a novel estimator with a noise bias is put forward to estimate the existed fault and then a consensus controller with fault compensation(FC)is adopted to realize the demand of reliability and safety of addressed MASs.Subsequently,a novel consensus control framework with fault-estimation-in-the-loop is developed to achieve the predetermined consensus performance with the l_(2)-l_(∞)constraint by employing the variance analysis and the Lyapunov stability approaches.Furthermore,the desired estimator and controller gains are obtained in light of the solution to an algebraic matrix equation and a linear matrix inequality in a recursive way,respectively.Finally,a simulation result is employed to verify the usefulness of the proposed design framework.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFC1201503)Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21576206)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (No. IRT_15R46)
文摘Aiming at disclosing the quantitative e ects of Coulomb forces on the ltration e ciency of aerosol particles, a three- dimensional random ber model was established to describe the microstructure of brous lters. Then, computational mod- els including the ow model, particle model, and electric eld model were constructed to estimate the ltration e ciency using the Fluent custom user-de ned function program, neglecting the non-uniformity of the ber potential and the particle charge distribution. The simulation results using the established models agreed with the data in the literature. In particular, the electric eld force was found to be one of the important factors required to improve the ltration e ciency estimation accuracy for the ultra ne particles. Moreover, the variation tendencies of the ltration e ciency and the pressure drop of brous lters were studied based on the in uence factors of the ber potential, particle charge-to-mass ratio, solid volume fraction, ber diameter, and face velocity. The established models and estimated results will provide important guidance on the design of high-e ciency particulate air lters for aerosol particles.
文摘This article gives a review on heavy metal pollution prevention and control,and it also discusses heavy metal pollutant discharge,prediction and evaluation of environmental impact,and pollution prevention and monitoring.
基金the financial support from the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(201810145075)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N172505002)+2 种基金NSFC(51704060)National Thousand Youth Talent Program of Chinathe 111 Project(B16009)
文摘Silicon(Si)and carbon(C)composites hold the promise for replacing the commercial graphite anode,thus increasing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).To mitigate the formation of SiC,this paper reports a molten salt electrolysis approach to prepare C-Si composite by the electrolysis of C-SiO2 composites.Unlike the conventional way of making a C coating on Si,C-SiO2 composites were prepared by pyrolyzing the low-cost sucrose and silica.The electrochemical deoxidation of the C-SiO2 composites not only produces nanostructured Si inside the C matrix but also introduces voids between the C and Si owing to the volume shrinkage from converting SiO2 to Si.More importantly,the use of Mg ion-containing molten salts precludes the generation of SiC,and the electrolytic Si@C composite anode delivers a capacity of about 1500 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g-1.Further,the Si@C‖LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 full cell delivers a high energy density of 608 Wh kg-1.Overall,the molten salt approach provides a one-step electrochemical way to convert oxides@C to metals@C functional materials.
文摘TO accurately evaluate the global impact of the Belt and Road Initiative,we should first understand what it is and how it affects the rest of the world,without speculating about whether China has ulterior motives behind the project.Over the past three years,the initial ideas behind the Belt and Road Initiative have gradually
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11702069)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.HEUCFM180203)
文摘Since the concept of invisible cloak was proposed by Pendry and Leonhardt in 2006, many researchers have applied the theory of coordinate transformation to thermodynamics and overcome the complexity of inhomogeneous and anisotropic of material parameters. However, only two-dimensional(2 D) thermal illusion devices are researched recently. According to this situation, our study focuses on three-dimensional(3 D) thermal illusion devices including shrinker(or invisible cloak),concentrator, amplifier, reshaper, and rotator with arbitrary shape in a general way. In this paper, the corresponding material parameters of thermal illusion devices mentioned above are derived based on the theory of transformation thermodynamics and the simulated results agree well with the theoretical derivations. In addition, the conventional invisible cloak just controls the temperature gradient rather than the temperature value which is more concerned in physical applications. Here,we find that the temperature value of the cloaked object can be controlled by adjusting the location of the original point of the coordinate system.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.:2020YFA0908000 and 2020YFE0205100)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.:ZYYCXTD-C-202002)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82074098,82173914,and 82141001)the CACMS Innovation Fund(Grant Nos.:CI2021A05101 and CI2021A05104)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(Grant Nos.:ZZ15-YQ-065,ZZ14-YQ-058,ZZ14-YQ-050,ZZ14-YQ-051,ZZ14-YQ-052,ZZ14-ND-010,ZZ15-ND-10,and ZZ14-FL-002)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.:YJKYYQ20210025).
文摘The composition of serum is extremely complex,which complicates the discovery of new pharmacodynamic biomarkers via serum proteome for disease prediction and diagnosis.Recently,nanoparticles have been reported to efficiently reduce the proportion of high-abundance proteins and enrich lowabundance proteins in serum.Here,we synthesized a silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticle and developed a highly efficient and reproducible protein corona(PC)-based proteomic analysis strategy to improve the range of serum proteomic analysis.We identified 1,070 proteins with a median coefficient of variation of 12.56%using PC-based proteomic analysis,which was twice the number of proteins identified by direct digestion.There were also more biological processes enriched with these proteins.We applied this strategy to identify more pharmacodynamic biomarkers on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model treated with methotrexate(MTX).The bioinformatic results indicated that 485 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were found in CIA rats,of which 323 DEPs recovered to near normal levels after treatment with MTX.This strategy can not only help enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of disease and drug action through serum proteomics studies,but also provide more pharmacodynamic biomarkers for disease prediction,diagnosis,and treatment.