BACKGROUND Jiawei Jiaotai Pill is commonly used in clinical practice to reduce apoptosis,increase insulin secretion,and improve blood glucose tolerance.However,its mechanism of action in the treatment of diabetic card...BACKGROUND Jiawei Jiaotai Pill is commonly used in clinical practice to reduce apoptosis,increase insulin secretion,and improve blood glucose tolerance.However,its mechanism of action in the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)remains unclear,hindering research efforts aimed at developing drugs specifically for the treatment of DCM.AIM To explore the pharmacodynamic basis and molecular mechanism of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill in DCM treatment.METHODS We explored various databases and software,including the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database,Uniport,PubChem,GenCards,String,and Cytoscape,to identify the active components and targets of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill,and the disease targets in DCM.Protein-protein interaction network,gene ontology,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were used to determine the mechanism of action of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill in treating DCM.Molecular docking of key active components and core targets was verified using AutoDock software.RESULTS Total 42 active ingredients and 142 potential targets of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill were identified.There were 100 common targets between the DCM and Jiawei Jiaotai Pills.Through this screening process,TNF,IL6,TP53,EGFR,INS,and other important targets were identified.These targets are mainly involved in the positive regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)MAPK cascade,response to xenobiotic stimuli,response to hypoxia,positive regulation of gene expression,positive regulation of cell proliferation,negative regulation of the apoptotic process,and other biological processes.It was mainly enriched in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,DCM,PI3K-Akt,interleukin-17,and MAPK signaling pathways.Molecular docking results showed that Jiawei Jiaotai Pill's active ingredients had good docking activity with DCM's core target.CONCLUSION The active components of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill may play a role in the treatment of DCM by reducing oxidative stress,cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis,and maintaining metabolic homeostasis.展开更多
Background:Norepinephrine infusion decreases hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section.This study aimed to compare the efficacy of norepinephrine infusion and ephedrine bolus against post-spinal hypo...Background:Norepinephrine infusion decreases hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section.This study aimed to compare the efficacy of norepinephrine infusion and ephedrine bolus against post-spinal hypotension in parturients.Methods:In this double-blinded,randomized controlled clinical trial,parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section were randomly allocated to receive norepinephrine infusion(0.05μg·kg^(-1)·min^(-1))just before spinal anesthesia continuing for 30 min or ephedrine bolus(0.15 mg/kg)just before spinal anesthesia.A rescue bolus(5μg norepinephrine for the norepinephrine group,and 5 mg ephedrine for the ephedrine group)was administered whenever hypotension occurred.Our primary outcome was the incidence of hypotension within 30 min of spinal anesthesia administration.Secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal outcomes 30 min after spinal block,and neonatal cerebral oxygenation 10 min after birth.Results:In total,190 patients were enrolled;of these patients,177 were included in the final analysis.Fewer patients suffered hypotension in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group(29.5%vs.44.9%,odds ratio[OR]:0.51,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.28-0.95,P=0.034).Moreover,the tachycardia frequency was lower in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group(OR:0.22,95%CI:0.11-0.44,P<0.001),and patients suffered less nausea and vomiting(OR:0.28,95%CI:0.11-0.70,P=0.004).There was no difference in Apgar scores and umbilical arterial blood gas analysis between the two groups.However,neonatal cerebral regional saturations were significantly higher after birth in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group(mean difference:2.0%,95%CI:0.55%-3.45%,P=0.008).Conclusion:In patients undergoing elective cesarean section with spinal anesthesia,norepinephrine infusion compared to ephedrine bolus resulted in less hypotension and tachycardia,and exhibited potential neonatal benefits.展开更多
Producing ultra-stabilized radicals via light irradiation has raised considerable concern but remains a tremendous challenge in functional materials. Herein, optically actuating ultra-stable radicals are discovered in...Producing ultra-stabilized radicals via light irradiation has raised considerable concern but remains a tremendous challenge in functional materials. Herein, optically actuating ultra-stable radicals are discovered in a sterically encumbered and large π-conjugated tri(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine(TPT) ligands constructed photochromic compound Cu_(3)(H-HEDP)_(2)TPT_(2)·2H_(2)O(QDU-12;HEDP=hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate). The photogeneration of TPT· radicals is the photoactive behavior of electron transfer from HEDP motifs to TPT units. The ultra-long-lived radicals are contributed from strong interchain π-π interactions between the large π-conjugated TPT components, with the radical lifetime maintained for about 18 months under ambient conditions. Moreover, the antiferromagnetic couplings between TPT· radicals and Cu^(2+)ions plummeted the demagnetization to 35% of its original state after light irradiation, showing the largest room temperature photodemagnetization in the current radicalbased photochromic materials.展开更多
Purpose:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is one of the leading causes of disability and death in modern times,whose evaluation and prognosis prediction have been one of the most critical issues in TBI management.However,the...Purpose:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is one of the leading causes of disability and death in modern times,whose evaluation and prognosis prediction have been one of the most critical issues in TBI management.However,the existed models for the abovementioned purposes were defective to varying degrees.This study aims to establish an ideal brain injury state clinical prediction model(BISCPM).Methods:This study was a retrospective design.The six-month outcomes of patients were selected as the end point event.BISCPM was established by using the split-sample technology,and externally validated via different tests of comparison between the observed and predicted six-month mortality in validating group.TBI patients admitted from July 2006 to June 2012 were recruited and randomly divided into establishing model group and validating model group.Twenty-one scoring indicators were included in BISCPM and divided into three parts,A,B,and C.Part A included movement,pupillary reflex and diameter,CT parameters,and secondary brain insult factors,etc.Part B was age and part C was medical history of the patients.The total score of part A,B and C was final score of BISCPM.Results:Altogether 1156 TBI patients were included with 578 cases in each group.The score of BISCPM from validating group ranged from 2.75 to 31.94,averaging 13.64±5.59.There was not statistical difference between observed and predicted mortality for validating group.The discrimination validation showed that the BISCPM is superior to international mission for prognosis and analysis of clinical trials(IMPACT)lab model.Conclusion:BISCPM is an effective model for state evaluation and prognosis prediction of TBI patients.The use of BISCPM could be of great significance for decision-making in management of TBI.展开更多
Recently,molecular ferroelectrics have attracted more and more attention due to their structural diversity,low cost of manufacture,and environmental-friendly processing.However,most of the design strategies for molecu...Recently,molecular ferroelectrics have attracted more and more attention due to their structural diversity,low cost of manufacture,and environmental-friendly processing.However,most of the design strategies for molecular ferroelectrics have focused on the selection and modification of cations,and the use of anions has been rarely reported.Here,introducing distorted[CuBr_(4)]^(2-) tetrahedra,we obtained a high curie temperature(T_(c))ferroelectric,[cyclopentylammonium]_(2)CuBr_(4),with a T_(c) as high as 393 K,and exceeding commercial and most of reported molecular ferroelectric BaTiO_(3)(393 K).Variable-temperature hysteresis loop shows the nonlinear P-E loop of the crystal under a wide temperature range.Variable-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the Aizu expression can be written as mmmFmm2.In short,this work will inspire more creative strategies by exploiting the tunability of the anion module.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Basic Research Plan in the Shaanxi Province of China,No.2021JM-549,The Plan Project of Shaanxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2021-ZZ-JC011The Second Youth Science and Technology Talents Project of Shaanxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2023-ZQNY-017.
文摘BACKGROUND Jiawei Jiaotai Pill is commonly used in clinical practice to reduce apoptosis,increase insulin secretion,and improve blood glucose tolerance.However,its mechanism of action in the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)remains unclear,hindering research efforts aimed at developing drugs specifically for the treatment of DCM.AIM To explore the pharmacodynamic basis and molecular mechanism of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill in DCM treatment.METHODS We explored various databases and software,including the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database,Uniport,PubChem,GenCards,String,and Cytoscape,to identify the active components and targets of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill,and the disease targets in DCM.Protein-protein interaction network,gene ontology,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were used to determine the mechanism of action of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill in treating DCM.Molecular docking of key active components and core targets was verified using AutoDock software.RESULTS Total 42 active ingredients and 142 potential targets of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill were identified.There were 100 common targets between the DCM and Jiawei Jiaotai Pills.Through this screening process,TNF,IL6,TP53,EGFR,INS,and other important targets were identified.These targets are mainly involved in the positive regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)MAPK cascade,response to xenobiotic stimuli,response to hypoxia,positive regulation of gene expression,positive regulation of cell proliferation,negative regulation of the apoptotic process,and other biological processes.It was mainly enriched in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,DCM,PI3K-Akt,interleukin-17,and MAPK signaling pathways.Molecular docking results showed that Jiawei Jiaotai Pill's active ingredients had good docking activity with DCM's core target.CONCLUSION The active components of Jiawei Jiaotai Pill may play a role in the treatment of DCM by reducing oxidative stress,cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis,and maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81871028,81671303,81701207)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2018SF-277)。
文摘Background:Norepinephrine infusion decreases hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section.This study aimed to compare the efficacy of norepinephrine infusion and ephedrine bolus against post-spinal hypotension in parturients.Methods:In this double-blinded,randomized controlled clinical trial,parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section were randomly allocated to receive norepinephrine infusion(0.05μg·kg^(-1)·min^(-1))just before spinal anesthesia continuing for 30 min or ephedrine bolus(0.15 mg/kg)just before spinal anesthesia.A rescue bolus(5μg norepinephrine for the norepinephrine group,and 5 mg ephedrine for the ephedrine group)was administered whenever hypotension occurred.Our primary outcome was the incidence of hypotension within 30 min of spinal anesthesia administration.Secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal outcomes 30 min after spinal block,and neonatal cerebral oxygenation 10 min after birth.Results:In total,190 patients were enrolled;of these patients,177 were included in the final analysis.Fewer patients suffered hypotension in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group(29.5%vs.44.9%,odds ratio[OR]:0.51,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.28-0.95,P=0.034).Moreover,the tachycardia frequency was lower in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group(OR:0.22,95%CI:0.11-0.44,P<0.001),and patients suffered less nausea and vomiting(OR:0.28,95%CI:0.11-0.70,P=0.004).There was no difference in Apgar scores and umbilical arterial blood gas analysis between the two groups.However,neonatal cerebral regional saturations were significantly higher after birth in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group(mean difference:2.0%,95%CI:0.55%-3.45%,P=0.008).Conclusion:In patients undergoing elective cesarean section with spinal anesthesia,norepinephrine infusion compared to ephedrine bolus resulted in less hypotension and tachycardia,and exhibited potential neonatal benefits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21901133,22071125,22071126,21571111)the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province(2019GGX102006)。
文摘Producing ultra-stabilized radicals via light irradiation has raised considerable concern but remains a tremendous challenge in functional materials. Herein, optically actuating ultra-stable radicals are discovered in a sterically encumbered and large π-conjugated tri(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine(TPT) ligands constructed photochromic compound Cu_(3)(H-HEDP)_(2)TPT_(2)·2H_(2)O(QDU-12;HEDP=hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate). The photogeneration of TPT· radicals is the photoactive behavior of electron transfer from HEDP motifs to TPT units. The ultra-long-lived radicals are contributed from strong interchain π-π interactions between the large π-conjugated TPT components, with the radical lifetime maintained for about 18 months under ambient conditions. Moreover, the antiferromagnetic couplings between TPT· radicals and Cu^(2+)ions plummeted the demagnetization to 35% of its original state after light irradiation, showing the largest room temperature photodemagnetization in the current radicalbased photochromic materials.
基金Dr.Xia Li has received two grants from Xijing Hospital(No.XJZT10Y15 and No.XJZT14R15)one grant from the Scientific Department of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2014SF314).
文摘Purpose:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is one of the leading causes of disability and death in modern times,whose evaluation and prognosis prediction have been one of the most critical issues in TBI management.However,the existed models for the abovementioned purposes were defective to varying degrees.This study aims to establish an ideal brain injury state clinical prediction model(BISCPM).Methods:This study was a retrospective design.The six-month outcomes of patients were selected as the end point event.BISCPM was established by using the split-sample technology,and externally validated via different tests of comparison between the observed and predicted six-month mortality in validating group.TBI patients admitted from July 2006 to June 2012 were recruited and randomly divided into establishing model group and validating model group.Twenty-one scoring indicators were included in BISCPM and divided into three parts,A,B,and C.Part A included movement,pupillary reflex and diameter,CT parameters,and secondary brain insult factors,etc.Part B was age and part C was medical history of the patients.The total score of part A,B and C was final score of BISCPM.Results:Altogether 1156 TBI patients were included with 578 cases in each group.The score of BISCPM from validating group ranged from 2.75 to 31.94,averaging 13.64±5.59.There was not statistical difference between observed and predicted mortality for validating group.The discrimination validation showed that the BISCPM is superior to international mission for prognosis and analysis of clinical trials(IMPACT)lab model.Conclusion:BISCPM is an effective model for state evaluation and prognosis prediction of TBI patients.The use of BISCPM could be of great significance for decision-making in management of TBI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21671084).
文摘Recently,molecular ferroelectrics have attracted more and more attention due to their structural diversity,low cost of manufacture,and environmental-friendly processing.However,most of the design strategies for molecular ferroelectrics have focused on the selection and modification of cations,and the use of anions has been rarely reported.Here,introducing distorted[CuBr_(4)]^(2-) tetrahedra,we obtained a high curie temperature(T_(c))ferroelectric,[cyclopentylammonium]_(2)CuBr_(4),with a T_(c) as high as 393 K,and exceeding commercial and most of reported molecular ferroelectric BaTiO_(3)(393 K).Variable-temperature hysteresis loop shows the nonlinear P-E loop of the crystal under a wide temperature range.Variable-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the Aizu expression can be written as mmmFmm2.In short,this work will inspire more creative strategies by exploiting the tunability of the anion module.