Spatial quantum coherent modulation with perfect hybrid vector vortex beam based on atomic medium

The perfect hybrid vector vortex beam(PHVVB)with helical phase wavefront structure has aroused significant concern in recent years,as its beam waist does not expand with the topological charge(TC).In this work,we investigate the spatial quantum coherent modulation effect with PHVVB based on the atomic medium,and we observe the absorption characteristic of the PHVVB with different TCs under variant magnetic fields.We find that the transmission spectrum linewidth of PHVVB can be effectively maintained regardless of the TC.Still,the width of transmission peaks increases slightly as the beam size expands in hot atomic vapor.This distinctive quantum coherence phenomenon,demonstrated by the interaction of an atomic medium with a hybrid vector-structured beam,might be anticipated to open up new opportunities for quantum coherence modulation and accurate magnetic field measurement.

In vivo pilot study into superficial microcirculatory characteristics of colorectal adenomas using novel high-resolution magnifying endoscopy with blue laser imaging

BACKGROUND No studies have yet been conducted on changes in microcirculatory hemody-namics of colorectal adenomas in vivo under endoscopy.The microcirculation of the colorectal adenoma could be observed in vivo by a novel high-resolution magnification endoscopy with blue laser imaging(BLI),thus providing a new insight into the microcirculation of early colon tumors.AIM To observe the superficial microcirculation of colorectal adenomas using the novel magnifying colonoscope with BLI and quantitatively analyzed the changes in hemodynamic parameters.METHODS From October 2019 to January 2020,11 patients were screened for colon adenomas with the novel high-resolution magnification endoscope with BLI.Video images were recorded and processed with Adobe Premiere,Adobe Photoshop and Image-pro Plus software.Four microcirculation parameters:Microcirculation vessel density(MVD),mean vessel width(MVW)with width standard deviation(WSD),and blood flow velocity(BFV),were calculated for adenomas and the surrounding normal mucosa.RESULTS A total of 16 adenomas were identified.Compared with the normal surrounding mucosa,the superficial vessel density in the adenomas was decreased(MVD:0.95±0.18 vs 1.17±0.28μm/μm2,P<0.05).MVW(5.11±1.19 vs 4.16±0.76μm,P<0.05)and WSD(11.94±3.44 vs 9.04±3.74,P<0.05)were both increased.BFV slowed in the adenomas(709.74±213.28 vs 1256.51±383.31μm/s,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The novel high-resolution magnification endoscope with BLI can be used for in vivo study of adenoma superficial microcirculation.Superficial vessel density was decreased,more irregular,with slower blood flow.

Exploration of the efficacy and mechanism of treating head wind disease with the combination change of ginger volatile oil and gingerol by using content-weighted network pharmacology technology

Background:Exploring the efficacy,potential components,and mechanism of the combination of ginger essential oil and gingerols in the treatment of head wind disease based on network pharmacology technology with content weight.Methods:The experimental groups were divided into:0:10,1:4,1:2,1:1,2:1,4:1,10:0.The relative content(Ri)of the chemical constituents of ginger's volatile oil was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Additionally,the physicochemical and biological property parameters(LogP,MDCK,PPB,MW)of the components were considered.To assess the quantitative effect of the components,a grading score was performed,and the quantitative effect index(Ki)was calculated.Subsequently,the target effect index(Ti)was calculated by combining the component-target matching score(Fit score).Using these calculations,the target effect score A was determined under the influence of multiple components targeting different targets.Key targets with A≥1000 were identified.To predict the targets related to head wind disease,the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database(https://ctdbase.org/),Gene Cards(https://www.genecards.org/),and Disgenet database(https://www.disgenet.org/)were utilized.The key targets,obtained from different proportions of ginger's volatile oil and gingerol,were intersected with the predicted targets.This facilitated network pharmacological analysis and verification of the efficacy.Results:The content of volatile oil in ginger demonstrated an impact on key targets associated with the volatile oil group.Each specific combination of volatile oil consistently activated distinct pathways,with variations stemming from changes in content.Experimental testing revealed that different combinations of ginger's volatile oil and gingerol effectively alleviated migraine symptoms in rats.Conclusion:Through the application of content-weighted network pharmacology technology and pharmacodynamic verification,it was determined that altering the ratio between ginger's volatile oil and gingerol leads to variations in potential targets and pathways,consequently impacting its efficacy.

Clinical value of the Toronto inflammatory bowel disease global endoscopic reporting score in ulcerative colitis

BACKGROUND Endoscopic evaluation in diagnosing and managing ulcerative colitis(UC)is becoming increasingly important.Several endoscopic scoring systems have been established,including the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity(UCEIS)score and Mayo Endoscopic Subscore(MES).Furthermore,the Toronto Inflammatory Bowel Disease Global Endoscopic Reporting(TIGER)score for UC has recently been proposed;however,its clinical value remains unclear.AIM To investigate the clinical value of the TIGER score in UC by comparing it with the UCEIS score and MES.METHODS This retrospective study included 166 patients with UC who underwent total colonoscopy between January 2017 and March 2023 at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University(Qingdao,China).We retrospectively analysed endoscopic scores,laboratory and clinical data,treatment,and readmissions within 1 year.Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient,receiver operating characteristic curve,and univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows,version 26.0(IBM Corp.,Armonk,NY,United States)and GraphPad Prism version 9.0.0 for Windows(GraphPad Software,Boston,Massachusetts,United States).RESULTS The TIGER score significantly correlated with the UCEIS score and MES(r=0.721,0.626,both P<0.001),showed good differentiating values for clinical severity among mild,moderate,and severe UC[8(4-112.75)vs 210(109–219)vs 328(219–426),all P<0.001],and exhibited predictive value in diagnosing patients with severe UC[area under the curve(AUC)=0.897,P<0.001].Additionally,the TIGER(r=0.639,0,551,0.488,0.376,all P<0.001)and UCEIS scores(r=0.622,0,540,0.494,and 0.375,all P<0.001)showed stronger correlations with laboratory and clinical parameters,including C-reactive protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,length of hospitalisation,and hospitalisation costs,than MES(r=0.509,0,351,0.339,and 0.270,all P<0.001).The TIGER score showed the best predictability for patients'recent advanced treatment,including systemic corticosteroids,biologics,or immunomodulators(AUC=0.848,P<0.001)and 1-year readmission(AUC=0.700,P<0.001)compared with the UCEIS score(AUC=0.762,P<0.001;0.627,P<0.05)and MES(AUC=0.684,P<0.001;0.578,P=0.132).Furthermore,a TIGER score of≥317 was identified as an independent risk factor for advanced UC treatment(P=0.011).CONCLUSION The TIGER score may be superior to the UCIES score and MES in improving the accuracy of clinical disease severity assessment,guiding therapeutic decision-making,and predicting short-term prognosis.

Usefulness of analyzing endoscopic features in identifying the colorectal serrated sessile lesions with and without dysplasia

BACKGROUND Sessile serrated lesions(SSLs)are often missed on colonoscopy,and studies have shown this to be an essential cause of interstitial colorectal cancer.The SSLs with dysplasia(SSL-D+),in particular,have a faster rate of carcinogenesis than conventional tubular adenomas.Therefore,there is a clinical need for some endoscopic features with independent diagnostic value for SSL-D+s to assist endoscopists in making immediate diagnoses,thus improving the quality of endoscopic examination and treatment.AIM To compare the characteristics of SSLs,including those with and without dysplasia(SSL-D+and SSL-D-),based on white light and image-enhanced endoscopy,to achieve an immediate differential diagnosis for endoscopists.METHODS From January 2017 to February 2023,cases of colorectal SSLs confirmed by colonoscopy and histopathology at the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center of Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital were collected.The general,endoscopic,and histopathological data were reviewed and analyzed to determine the diagnostic utility.Univariate analysis was used to find potential diagnostic factors,and then multivariate regression analysis was performed to derive endoscopic features with independent diagnostic values for the SSL-D+.RESULTS A total of 228 patients with 253 lesions were collected as a result.There were 225 cases of colorectal SSL-D-s and 28 cases of SSL-D+s.Compared to the colorectal SSL-D-,the SSL-D+was more common in the right colon(P=0.027)with complex patterns of depression,nodule,and elevation based on cloud-like surfaces(P=0.003),reddish(P<0.001),microvascular varicose(P<0.001),and mixed type(Pit II,II-O,IIIL,IV)of crypt opening based on Pit II-O(P<0.001).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis indicated that lesions had a reddish color[odds ratio(OR)=18.705,95%confidence interval(CI):3.684-94.974],microvascular varicose(OR=6.768,95%CI:1.717-26.677),and mixed pattern of crypt opening(OR=20.704,95%CI:2.955-145.086)as the independent predictors for SSL-D+s.CONCLUSION The endoscopic feature that has independent diagnostic value for SSL-D+is a reddish color,microvascular varicose,and mixed pattern of crypt openings.

Exploring the scientific rationality of“Different dosage forms of the same prescription”base on Q-markers of pulvis and pill of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription

Objective:To predict and analyze the potential Q-markers of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription,and the pharmacokinetic properties of pulvis and pills in vivo were studied,which provided a basis for the rational evaluation of the phenomenon of“Different Dosage Forms of the Same Prescription”.Methods and Material:Q-markers analysis of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription based on the“Five Principles”(traceability and transmissibility,specificity,effectiveness,prescription compatibility and testability).The content determination method of Q-markers in Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription was established by UPLC,and the content difference of Q-markers in the two dosage forms ware determined and compared.The Q-markers in rabbit plasma was determined by LC-MS/MS method,and the pharmacokinetic parameters of Q-markers in pulvis and pills were analyzed.Results:A total of 16 potential Q-markers from the“Five Principles”were used,nine components of tetramethylprazine,ferulic acid,glycyrrhizin,glycyrrhizic acid,luteolin,cimicifugoside,senkyunolideⅠ,isoimperatorin,nodakenin were identified as Q-markers of Chuanxiong Chatiao Presciption.The content of tetramethylprazine and other components in the pulvis form was found to be significantly higher than that in the pills,while the content of senkyunolideⅠwas lower than that in the pills,which may be related to the preparation process of the dosage form and the physicochemical properties of the components.Compared with pulvis,the Tmax and t_(1/2)of ferulic acid and other components in pills were significantly prolonged.To a certain extent,it can explain the classical theory of traditional Chinese medicine“Components in pulvis release quickly and take effect in fast-acting manner,while in pills release slowly and take effect in slow-acting”.Meanwhile,the Cmax and AUC0-t of tetramethylprazine and other components in pills were higher than those in pulvis,which showed unexpected pharmacokinetic characteristics,indicating the complexity of compounding and the importance of dosage form design.Conclusions:A method for the determination of Q-markers content was established by UPLC,which provide reference for the quality control of Chuanxiong Chatiao Prescription.In vivo studies have found the pharmacokinetic parameters indicate the absorption and distribution characteristics of pulvis and pills.However,it is also found that the release behavior of different components not only affected by the dosage form but also closely related to their own physical and chemical properties.

Bcl-2 expression is a poor predictor for hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis of andropause-age patients

Objective: The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) seems to be influenced by the endocrine environment. Numerous reports demonstrate the diverse expression of Bcl-2 family members under sex steroid regulation. With the exception of estrogen-related tumors, androgen-related tumors have shown their characteristics in Bcl-2 expression. In this study, the status of Bcl-2 expression in male hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients was examined to verify the high incidence of HCC in males.Methods: Tumor tissue microarray was used to examine Bcl-2 expression levels in 374 HCC cases including 306 males and 68 females. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to investigate the predictive value of Bcl-2 in HCC patients.Results: Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that male patients with higher Bcl-2 levels had significantly longer median survival time and recurrence time than those with lower levels. However, no significant differences in outcomes were found between different Bcl-2 levels in female patients. When the male patients were stratified into several age points, the level of Bcl-2expression showed poorer predictive efficiency in the 45–49 and 55–60 age groups in andropause-age patients compared with other age groups. Bcl-2 was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival(P < 0.0001) and recurrence time(P =0.0001) in male patients. After excluding male patients in the 45–60 age group, the predictive efficiency was enhanced(n = 147,OS, P = 0.0002, TTR, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Bcl-2 expression is an independent predictor of survival and recurrence in male HCC. Bcl-2 levels may also be regulated by androgens or androgen receptors in male HCC patients. Bcl-2 levels change and exhibit poor predictive efficiency when androgen levels vary dramatically(andropause age).

Principle and progress of radical treatment for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system in China and the world.Most patients are diagnosed as locally advanced or advanced stage.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.This study intends to summarize the evidence-based medical evidence of the treatment principle of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,the selection of radiotherapy dose,the outline of radiotherapy target and the selection of chemotherapy scheme.As a result,the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is equivalent to that of surgery for the radical treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.In the era of immunization,it is recommended to use involved field irradiation.Fluorouracil plus cisplatin regimen is the standard chemotherapy regimen.FOLFOX regimen and paclitaxel plus fluorouracil regimen are optional concurrent chemotherapy regimens.The toxic and side effects of different chemotherapy regimens are different,which can be selected according to the actual situation of patients.

An All-Polarization-Maintaining Multi-Branch Optical Frequency Comb for Highly Sensitive Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy

We demonstrate a multi-branch all polarization-maintaining Er:fiber frequency comb with five application ports for precise measurement of atomic/molecular transition frequencies in the near-infrared region.A fully stabilized Er:fiber frequency comb with a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror is achieved.The in-loop relative instability of stabilized carrier-envelope-offset frequency is 5.6×10-18 at 1 s integration time,while that of the repetition rate is well below 1.8×10-12 limited by the measurement noise floor of the commercial frequency counter.Five application ports are individually optimized for applications with different wavelengths(1064 nm,1083 nm,1380 nm,1637 nm and 1750 nm).The beat note between the optical frequency comb and continuous laser exhibits the signal-to-noise ratio of at least 30 dB at a resolution bandwidth of 100 kHz.The in-loop frequency instability of the comb is evaluated to be good enough for measurement of rotation-resolved transitions of molecules below 1 kHz resolution.

Photonic generation of RF and microwave signal with relative frequency instability of 10^(-15)

We demonstrate the ultra-stable frequency sources aiming to improve the short-time instability of primary frequency standards.These sources are realized by using photonic generation approach,and composed of ultra-stable lasers,optical-frequency-combs,optical signal detecting parts,and synthesizers.Preliminary evaluation shows that the sources produce fixed-frequency at 9.54(/9.63)GHz,10 MHz,and tunable-frequency around 9.192 GHz with relative frequency instability of 10^(-15) for short terms.

Transportable 1555-nm Ultra-Stable Laser with Sub-0.185-Hz Linewidth

We present two cavity-stabilized lasers at 1555 nm, which are built to be the frequency source for a transportable photonic microwave generation system. The frequency instability reaches the thermal noise limit （7 ×10-16） of the 10-cm ultra-low expansion glass cavity at 1-10s averaging time and the beat signal of the two lasers reveals a remarkable linewidth of 185mHz.

All polarization-maintaining Er:fiber-based optical frequency comb for frequency comparison of optical clocks

We demonstrate an optical frequency comb(OFC)based on a turnkey mode-locked laser with a figure-9-shape structure and polarization-maintaining fibers,for the comparison of frequency among optical clocks with wavelengths of 698 nm,729 nm,1068 nm,and 1156 nm.We adopt a multi-branch approach in order to produce high power OFC signals at these specific wavelengths,enabling the signal-to-noise ratio of the beatnotes between the OFC and the clock lasers to exceed30 d B at a resolution bandwidth of 300 k Hz.This approach makes the supercontinuum spectra much easier to be generated than a single branch OFC.However,more out-of-loop fibers degrade the long-term frequency instability due to thermal drift.To minimize the thermal drift effect,we set the fiber lengths of different branches to be similar,and we stabilize the temperature as well.The out-of-loop frequency instability of the OFC due to the incoherence of the multi-branch is about5.5×10^(19) for 4000 s,while the in-loop frequency instability of fceo and that of fbeat are 7.5×10^(18) for 1 s and 8.5×10^(18) for 1 s,respectively.The turnkey OFC meets the requirement for the comparison of frequency between the best optical clocks.

Dynamics of bright soliton in a spin–orbit coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate

We have investigated the dynamics of bright solitons in a spin–orbit coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate analytically and numerically. By using the hyperbolic sine function as the trial function to describe a plane wave bright soliton with a single finite momentum, we have derived the motion equations of soliton's spin and center of mass, and obtained its exact analytical solutions. Our results show that the spin–orbit coupling couples the soliton's spin with its center-of-mass motion, the spin oscillations induced by the exchange of atoms between components result in the periodical oscillation of center-of-mass, and the motion of center of mass of soliton can be viewed as a superposition of periodical and linear motions. Our analytical results have also been confirmed by the direct numerical simulations of Gross–Pitaevskii equations.

Discussion on the mechanism of Xiaoyao Wan in the treatment of depression and anxiety based on network pharmacology

In order to clarify the targets of Xiaoyao Wan in the treatment of depression and anxiety,the pharmacological database of traditional Chinese medicine system and the analysis platform(TCMSP)were used to search the chemical components and potential targets of Xiaoyao Wan.The databases of Malacards and Genecards were used to mine the targets related to depression and anxiety.With the help of Cytoscape3.2.1 software,the“Xiaoyao Wan-targets-diseases”network is constructed.The PPI network is constructed through String database.Common targets are enriched by cluster Profiler software package in R language.161 active components of Xiaoyao Wan were screened,and 247 targets related to Xiaoyao Wan were predicted(excluding repetitive targets).The related targets of depression and anxiety were 379,337 respectively.Through the intersection of Venny diagram,24 targets of Xiaoyao Wan,depression and anxiety were obtained.24 key targets were screened out by constructing the interaction network of Xiaoyao Wan,depression and anxiety.Pathway enrichment analysis showed that Xiaoyao Wan mainly acts on key targets involves D(2)dopamine receptor(DRD2),Interleukin-6(IL6),5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A(HTR2A),Interleukin-1 beta(IL1B),5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A(HTR3A),Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter(SLC6A3),D(1A)dopamine receptor(DRD1),Interleukin-10(IL10),Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporterin(SLC6A2)and other key targets in the treatment of depression and anxiety,and participates in important pathway processes such as Serotonergic synapse,Dopaminergic synapse,Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and regulation of neurotransmitter levels.It is speculated that Xiaoyao Wan plays a role in the treatment of depression and anxiety by affecting neurotransmitters 5-HT and DA,participating in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)and interfering in the process of inflammation.

Clinical observation of Jiangzhi Hugan Recipe combined with rosuvastatin calcium tablets in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Objective:To investigate the influence of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on the related indexes and TCM syndrome scores of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods: A total of 128 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease who were admitted to our department from January 2017 to May 18, 2017 were enrolled in the study. According to the hospital admission record number, they were randomly divided into treatment groups (64 cases). and the control group (64 cases). The control group was treated with rosuvastatin calcium tablets. The treatment group was treated with Jiangzhi Fanggan Recipe on the basis of the control group. The treatment was performed for 10 d for a total of 3 courses. Comparison of liver function, blood lipids, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), iris (Irisin), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), Liver/spleen CT ratio and TCM syndrome scores.Results: The curative effect of TCM symptom in the treatment group (82.82%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (65.62%), and the difference was statistically significant. There was no difference between the two groups before treatment. Compared with before treatment, the levels of each index were significantly improved after treatment, and the improvement of the treatment group was more significant than that of the control group.Conclusion: The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can improve the symptoms of patients, achieve good clinical efficacy, and have certain anti-oxidative stress effects, which is worthy of clinical promotion or further research.

Ground state of Rydberg-dressed Bose gas confined in a toroidal trap

The experimental realization of Rydberg dressing technology in ultracold atomic systems provides another superior platform for studying novel states of matter and macroscopic quantum phenomena.In this work,based on the mean-field theory,we have investigated the ground-state phases of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate with Rydberg interaction and confined in a toroidal trap.The effects of the Rydberg interaction and external potential,especially the Rydberg blockade radius,on the ground-state structure of such a system have been investigated in full parameter space.Our results show that the Rydberg blockade radius,which can be regarded as another controllable parameter,can be used to obtain a variety of ground-state phases.More interestingly,it is found that for weak Rydberg interactions,the Rydberg blockade radius breaks the spontaneous rotational symmetry of the system,leading to the formation of a discrete unit cell structure.For strongly interacting cases,it can be used to realize different orders of discrete rotational symmetry breaking.

Experimental study of the dynamics of a single cavitation bubble excited by a focused laser near the boundary of a rigid wall

Based on high-speed photographic experiments,this study presents a detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of the dynamics of a single cavitation bubble near the boundary of a rigid wall in asymmetric settings.The main findings are reported as follows:(1)The non-sphericity of the bubble interface decreases with increasing spacing between the bubble and the boundary,and the asymmetry of the bubble becomes more significant with increasing asymmetry angle.(2)The motion mode of the bubble cluster in the second oscillation cycle can be divided into two typical modes depending on the direction of movement.(3)The angle between the oblique jet pointing towards the upper wall surface and the horizontal direction in the second oscillation cycle decreases as the dimensionless spacing decreases.

Effect of Long-Term Systolic Blood Pressure Trajectory on Kidney Damage in the Diabetic Population： A Prospective Study in a Community-Based Chinese Cohort

Background：Previous studies have shown that hypertension is an important factor contributing to the occurrence and progression of diabetic kidney damage.However,the relationship between the patterns of blood pressure （BP） trajectory and kidney damage in the diabetic population remains unclear.This prospective study investigated the effect of long-term systolic BP （SBP） trajectory on kidney damage in the diabetic population based on an 8-year follow-up community-based cohort.Methods：This study included 4556 diabetic participants among 101,510 participants.BP,estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR）,and urinary protein were measured every 2 years from 2006 to 2014.SBP trajectory was identified by the censored normal modeling.Five discrete SBP trajectories were identified according to SBP range and the changing pattern over time.Kidney damage was evaluated through eGFR and urinary protein value.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence of different SBP trajectory groups on kidney damage.Results：We identified five discrete SBP trajectories：low-stable group （n =864）,moderate-stable group （n =1980）,moderate increasing group （n =609）,elevated decreasing group,（n =679）,and elevated stable group （n =424）.The detection rate of kidney damage in the low-stable group （SBP：118-124 mmHg） was the lowest among the five groups.The detection rate of each kidney damage index was higher in the elevated stable group （SBP：159-172 mmHg） compared with the low-stable group.For details,the gap was 4.14 （11.6% vs.2.8%） in eGFR 〈60 ml.min-1.1.73 m 2 and 3.66 （17.2% vs.4.7%）,3.38 （25.0% vs.7.4%）,and 1.8 （10.6% vs.5.9%） times in positive urinary protein,eGFR 〈60 ml.min-1.1.73 m 2 and/or positive urinary protein,and eGFR decline ≥30%,respectively （P 〈 0.01）.Conclusion：An elevated stable SBP trajectory is an independent risk factor for kidney damage in the diabetic population.

Comparing the clinical application values of the Degree of Ulcerative Colitis Burden of Luminal Inflammation(DUBLIN)score and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity(UCEIS)in patients with ulcerative colitis

Background:The significance of endoscopic evaluation in the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis(UC)has been widely recognized.Over the years,scholars have established several endoscopic scores.Herein,we assessed the clinical application value of the Mayo Endoscopic Subscore(Mayo ES),the Degree of Ulcerative Colitis Burden of Luminal Inflammation(DUBLIN)score,and the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity(UCEIS)score in UC patients,by comparing their correlation with disease activity and their predictive potential for treatment response and clinical outcomes.Methods:UC patients hospitalized from September 2015 to September 2019 were retrospectively analysed.We employed Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to assess the linear association of the assessed endoscopic scores with the clinical parameters.The receiver-operating characteristic curve was applied to evaluate the predictive capabilities of the endoscopic scores for treatment escalation and 1-year readmission.Results:A total of 178 patients were enrolled;most of them(82%)suffered moderate or severe colitis.Among them,48(27%)patients received treatment escalation and 59(33%)were readmitted within 1 year.The DUBLIN and UCEIS scores demonstrated higher correlations with clinical parameters than the Mayo ES.The DUBLIN scores significantly differed between patients with mild,moderate,and severe colitis(all P<0.001).The UCEIS scores demonstrated the best predictabilities for treatment escalation and 1-year readmission with an area under the curve of 0.88 and 0.75,respectively.Compared to the UCEIS and DUBLIN scores,the predictive capabilities of the Mayo ES for treatment escalation(both P<0.001)and 1-year readmission(P<0.001 and P紏0.002,respectively)were lower.The UCEIS scores exhibited a significant difference between the steroid-responsive group and the steroid-dependent or steroid-refractory group(both P<0.001),while no significant differences in the Mayo ES and DUBLIN scores were found among the three groups(both P>0.05).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that both the DUBLIN and UCEIS scores outperform the Mayo ES in assessing disease severity and predicting treatment response and clinical outcomes in UC patients.

TES functions as a Mena-dependent tumor suppressor in gastric cancer carcinogenesis and metastasis

Background: In our previous study, we identified a candidate tumor suppressor gene, testin LIM domain protein (TES), in primary gastric cancer (GC). TES contains three LIM domains, which are specific interacting regions for the cell adhesion and cytoskeleton regulatory proteins. Mena is a known cytoskeleton regulator that regulates the assembly of actin filaments and modulates cell adhesion and motility by interacting with Lamellipodin (Lpd). Therefore, we hypothesized that TES plays a role as tumor suppressor in GC through interacting with Mena. This study aimed to investigate the tumor suppressive functions of TES in GC. Methods: We explored the tumor suppressive effect of TES in GC by in vitro cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis, Transwell assays, and in vivo tumorigenicity and metastasis assays. The interaction of TES and Mena was investigated through immunoprecipitation-based mass spectrometry. We also analyzed the expression of TES and Mena in 172 GC specimens using immunohistochemistry and investigated the clinicopathological and prog-nostic significance of TES and Mena in GC. Results: TES suppressed GC cell proliferation and colony formation, induced cell cycle arrest, and inhibited tumorigenicity in vitro. Additionally, it inhibited GC cell migration and invasion in vitro and suppressed metastasis in vivo. TES interacted with Mena, and inhibited the interaction of Mena with Lpd. Transwell assays suggested that TES suppressed migration and invasion of GC cells in a Mena-dependent fashion. In GC patients with high Mena expression, the expression of TES was associated with tumor infiltration (P = 0.005), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003), TNM stage (P = 0.003), and prognosis (P = 0.010). However, no significant association was observed in GC patients with low Mena expression. Conclusions: We believe that TES functions as a Mena-dependent tumor suppressor. TES represents a valuable prog-nostic marker and potential target for GC treatment.