Photometric Analysis for Asteroid(81)Terpsichore using Convex Inversion and Phase Function Fitting Methods

The shapes and rotation states(periods and pole orientations)of main-belt asteroids are important for understanding their formation and evolution.In order to obtain sufficient photometric data covering different apparitions for asteroid(81)Terpsichore,ground-based photometric observations in 2020 and 2021 were carried out.By combining published and newly obtained photometric data,we calculated the shape and spin parameters for(81)Terpsichore using the convex inversion method.With this method,we have derived a best fitted pole orientation—(22.2±_(3.1)^(3.3°),17.5±_(5.5)^(10.8°))with a spin period of 10.94±_(0.01)^(0.01)h.Based on the derived convex shape of(81)Terpsichore,we have fitted the H,G+1,G_(2)phase function using the calibrated TESS data and Gaia data after accounting for the lightcurve amplitude correction.As a result,we have derived its absolute magnitude H=8.68±_(0.19)^(0.22)mag with corresponding phase function parameters G_(1)=0.82±_(0.10)^(0.09)and G_(2)=0.02±_(0.02)^(0.03).

Envisioning the Intersectionality and Synergy of Precision Nutrition and Engineering

The traditional approach with nutritional supplements is"one size fits all,"which has its limitations due to a lack of consideration of individual variations,including genetic background,health con-dition,lifestyle,and dietary intake.Depending on individual char-acteristics,the exact same nutritional supplementation could be beneficial,have no effect,or even be harmful.Precision nutrition has emerged as a new horizon,with the aim of carefully assessing individual nutritional and health needs and designing individually tailored diet and nutritional supplements.Engineering may play a significant role in each step of precision nutrition research and translation,including big data collection and management,nutri-tional and environmental assessment,data analyses,prediction,biomedical engineering,and nutritional engineering.The integra-tion of precision nutrition and engineering could enhance our abil-ity to best serve all people’s nutritional and health needs.

The Evolution and Mechanisms of Healthy Aging:Future Precision Nutrition Intervention

The aging of the global population is accelerating,and the ques-tion of how to extend the human life span-especially a healthy life span-has become a hot research topic at home and abroad.As people age,the structure and function of various tissues and organs in the body will successively undergo varying degrees of decline;the rate and manifestation of the aging of each tissue and organ also differ.This decline is the root cause of the poor disease resis-tance of older people,making them prone to infections and various chronic diseases.Although studies have reported the 12 classic hallmarks of aging,and many cutting-edge research methods have been used to map the cellular atlas of aging,scholars have not been able to elucidate the specific changes in and molecular mecha-nisms of the aging of specific organs or the interactions between various tissues and organs,limiting the implementation of precise interventions against aging.

N-十六烷基马来酰胺酸根合镧(Ⅲ)对聚氯乙烯的热稳定机理

利用已经成功制备的N-十六烷基马来酰胺酸根合镧(Ⅲ)配合物(LaL3)作为聚氯乙烯(PVC)热稳定剂,通过热重分析、热重-红外联用技术和热动力学分析方法对LaL3热稳定PVC的作用机理进行了分析研究。结果表明,添加LaL3前后PVC样品热解过程及气体释放顺序不变;但LaL3的添加会延迟并减少HCl及氯代烃气体的产生,并且有一定量的酰氯类物质生成,从而证明了LaL3可稳定PVC长链中的活泼Cl原子。LaL3对HCl气体有一定的吸收作用,使HCl气体的析出量明显减少;LaL3还可以与PVC降解生成的顺式共轭二烯通过Diels-Alder反应遏制共轭多烯结构的生成。LaL3可改变PVC热氧化脱氯化氢反应机理,Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法计算表明,LaL3使其活化能从纯PVC的107.7 kJ/mol提高到130.6 kJ/mol;MacCallum-tanner法计算表明,LaL3使PVC热氧化脱氯化氢反应动力学方程由一级反应的f(α)=1-α转化为二级反应的f(α)=(1-α)2,活化能也由纯PVC的97.41 kJ/mol大幅提升到132.9 kJ/mol。

Study on the Efficient Cutting Propagation Technology for <i>Ilex</i>“China Girl”

In order to realize the efficient industrial production of Ilex “China Girl”, an orthogonal experiment with 4 factors and 3 levels was designed. Firstly, the optimal orthogonal cutting scheme was selected from 9 treatments. Then through the systematic analysis of the effects of cutting position, substrate, exogenous hormones type and concentration on rooting indexes, such as rooting rate, root number, root length and root effect index, the theoretical optimal scheme was predicted and verified. The results showed that the theoretical optimal scheme (3000 mg/L IBA treatment for 15 s, cutting in mixed matrix with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite ratio of 2:1:1) was the optimal cutting rooting scheme of Ilex “China Girl”. After the treatment of this scheme, the rooting rate of Ilex “China Girl” reached 100%, the average root number was 51.67 per plant, and the average root length was 6.13 cm. The rooting time was greatly shortened, the rooting rate and rooting effect were greatly improved. In this study, the efficient cutting propagation technology system of Ilex “China Girl” was established, which laid a foundation for the popularization and application of Ilex “China Girl”, and also provided reference for further improving the cutting propagation efficiency of other evergreen holly. This study laid a foundation for the application of Ilex “China Girl”, and also provided a reference for further improving the cutting propagation efficiency of other evergreen holly.

Power generation expansion planning approach considering carbon emission constraints

Decarbonization of the power sector in China is an essential aspect of the energy transition process to achieve carbon neutrality.The power sector accounts for approximately 40%of China’s total CO_(2) emissions.Accordingly,collaborative optimization in power generation expansion planning(GEP)simultaneously considering economic,environmental,and technological concerns as carbon emissions is necessary.This paper proposes a collaborative mixedinteger linear programming optimization approach for GEP.This minimizes the power system’s operating cost to resolve emission concerns considering energy development strategies,flexible generation,and resource limitations constraints.This research further analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of current GEP techniques.Results show that the main determinants of new investment decisions are carbon emissions,reserve margins,resource availability,fuel consumption,and fuel price.The proposed optimization method is simulated and validated based on China’s power system data.Finally,this study provides policy recommendations on the flexible management of traditional power sources,the market-oriented mechanism of new energy sources,and the integration of new technology to support the attainment of carbon-neutral targets in the current energy transition process.

猪蓝耳病抗体试剂盒出现假阳性的确诊思路

猪蓝耳病(PRRS)是影响养猪行业的一个重要的疾病。对于一个核心场或者公猪站而言,维持猪蓝耳病双阴性,做好猪蓝耳病的监测工作是及其重要的。猪蓝耳病抗体检测是猪蓝耳病双阴性场评估猪群是否感染猪蓝耳病野毒常用的方式之一。但是所有商品化的试剂盒的敏感性和特异性并不是100%准确的。通过对3个猪蓝耳病双阴性猪场的猪只进行猪蓝耳病抗体检测,检测结果分别出现2.17%、100%、1.6%的阳性样本。对于异常结果除实验室进行复检和临床诊断外,还通过抗体变化的监测和免疫荧光的检测来验证检测结果的可靠性,经过验证得知这3个猪场出现的2.17%、100%、1.6%的阳性结果均为假阳性。

Reconstructing parton distribution function based on maximum entropy method

A new method based on the maximum entropy principle for reconstructing the parton distribution function(PDF)from moments is proposed.Unlike traditional methods,the new method does not require any artificial assumptions.For the case of moments with errors,we introduce Gaussian functions to soften the constraints of moments.Through a series of tests,the effectiveness and reconstruction efficiency of this new method are evaluated comprehensively,demonstrating that this method is reasonable and can achieve high-quality reconstruction with at least the first six moments as input.Finally,we select a set of lattice quantum chromodynamics(QCD)results regarding moments as input and provide reasonable reconstruction results for the pion.

Environmental risks for application of iron and steel slags in soils in China: A review

Iron and steel slags are smelting wastes, mainly including blast furnace slag(BFS) and steel slag(SS) produced in the iron and steel industry. Utilization of iron and steel slags as resources for solving the problem of slag disposals has attracted much attention with increasing iron and steel smelting slags in China. Because the iron and steel slags contain calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg), phosphorus(P), and silicon(Si), some have tried to use them as Si-and P-fertilizers, for producing Ca-Mg-P fertilizers, or as soil amendments in agriculture. However, in the iron metallurgical process, several pollutants in iron ores can inevitably transfer into iron and steel slags, resulting in the enrichment of pollutants both in BFS(mainly nickel(Ni), copper(Cu), mercury, zinc(Zn),cadmium(Cd), chromium(Cr), arsenic, lead, selenium, fluorine(F), and chlorine(Cl)) and in SS(mainly Ni, Cr, Cd, Zn, Cu, F, and Cl), in which some of pollutants(especially Cr, Ni, F, and Cl) exceed the limits of environmental quality standards for soils and groundwater. The elements of manganese, barium,and vanadium in iron and steel slags are higher than the background values of soil environment. In order to ensure soil health, food safety, and environmental quality, it is suggested that those industrial solid wastes, such as iron and steel slags, without any pretreatment for reducing harmful pollutants and with environmental safety risk, should not be allowed to use for soil remediation or conditioning directly in farmlands by solid waste disposal methods, to prevent pollutants from entering food chain and harming human health.

Nanodrug enhances post-ablation immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma via promoting dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation

Thermal ablation(TA)as an effective method treating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in clinics is facing great challenges of high recurrence and metastasis.Although immune-checkpoint blockade(ICB)-based immuno-therapy has shown potential to inhibit recurrence and metastasis,the combination strategy of ICB and thermal ablation has shown little progress in HCC treatments.The tremendous hurdle for combining ICB with thermal ablation lies with the insufficient antigen internalization and immaturity of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells(TIDCs)which leads to an inferior immune response to distant tumor growth and metastasis.Herein,an antigen-capturing nanoplatform,whose surface was modified with mannose as a targeting ligand,was constructed for co-delivering tumor-associated antigens(TAAs)and m6A demethylases inhibitor(i.e.,fat mass and obesity asso-ciated gene(FTO)inhibitor)into TIDCs.In vivo results demonstrate that the intratumoral injection of nanodrug followed by HCC thermal ablation promotes dendritic cells(DCs)maturation,improves tumor infiltration of effector T cells and generates immune memory,which synergize with ICB treatment to inhibit the distant tumor growth and lung metastasis.Therefore,the antigen-capturing and FTO-inhibiting nanodrug holds potential to boost the ICB-based immunotherapy against HCC after thermal ablation.

Impaired Parahippocampal Gyrus-Orbitofrontal Cortex Circuit Associated with Visuospatial Memory Deficit as a Potential Biomarker and Interventional Approach for Alzheimer Disease

The parahippocampal gyrus-orbitofrontal cortex(PHG-OFC)circuit in humans is homologous to the postrhinal cortex(POR)-ventral lateral orbitofrontal cortex(vlOFC)circuit in rodents.Both are associated with visuospatial malfunctions in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.In this study,we explored the relationship between an impaired POR-vlOFC circuit and visuospatial memory deficits through retrograde tracing and in vivo local field potential recordings in 5XFAD mice,and investigated alterations of the PHG-OFC circuit by multi-domain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in patients on the AD spectrum.We demonstrated that an impaired glutamatergic POR-vlOFC circuit resulted in deficient visuospatial memory in 5XFAD mice.Moreover,MRI measurements of the PHG-OFC circuit had an accuracy of 77.33%for the classification of amnestic mild cognitive impairment converters versus non-converters.Thus,the PHG-OFC circuit explains the neuroanatomical basis of visuospatial memory deficits in AD,thereby providing a potential predictor for AD progression and a promising interventional approach for AD.

Photogated proton conductivity of ZIF-8 membranes co-modified with graphene quantum dots and polystyrene sulfonate

Smart proton conductive metal-organic framework(MOF) membranes with dynamic remote control over proton conduction show high potential for use in advanced applications, such as sensors and bioprocesses. Here, we report a photoswitchable proton conductive ZIF-8 membrane by coencapsulating polystyrene sulfonate and graphene quantum dots into a ZIF-8 matrix(GQDs-PSS@ZIF-8) via a solidconfined conversion process. The proton conductivity of the GQDs-PSS@ZIF-8 membrane is 6.3 times higher than that of pristine ZIF-8 and can be reversibly switched by light due to photoluminescence quenching and the photothermal conversion effect, which converts light into heat. The local increase in temperature allows water molecules to escape from the porous channels, which cuts off the proton transport pathways and results in a decrease in proton conductivity. The proton conductivity is restored when the light is off owing to regaining water molecules, which act as proton carriers, from the surroundings. The GQDs-PSS@ZIF-8 membrane responds efficiently to light and exhibits an ON/OFF ratio of 12.8. This photogated proton conduction in MOFs has potential for the development and application of MOF-based protonic solids in advanced photoelectric devices.

Demonstration of joule-level chirped pulse amplification based on tiled Ti:sapphire amplifier

A novel tiled Ti:sapphire(Ti:S)amplifier was experimentally demonstrated with>1 J amplified chirped pulse output.Two Ti:S crystals having dimensions of 14 mm×14 mm×25 mm were tiled as the gain medium in a four-pass amplifier.Maximum output energy of 1.18 J was obtained with 2.75 J pump energy.The energy conversion efficiency of the tiled Ti:S amplifier was comparable with a single Ti:S amplifier.The laser pulse having the maximum peak power of 28 TW was obtained after the compressor.Moreover,the influence of the beam gap on the far field was discussed.This novel tiled Ti:S amplifier technique can provide a potential way for 100 PW or EW lasers in the future.

Twin peaks of in-hospital mortality among patients with STEMI across five phases of COVID-19 outbreak in China:a nation-wide study

Lockdown and re-opening may become cyclical due to the recurrent waves of the COVID-19 epidemic.Few studies have examined temporal trends and determinants of in-hospital mortality among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI),a life-threatening condition that requires emergency medical care.Using nation-wide data before,during and after the Wuhan lockdown,we aimed to depict temporal patterns and major determinants of STEMI in-hospital mortality in China across five time periods of the COVID-19 epidemic.We analyzed the data of 283,661 STEMI patients who were admitted to 4,487 chest-pain-centers across China,from January 1,2019 to May 31,2020.Compared with the period before the lockdown,STEMI in-hospital mortality increased by 25%(OR 1.25,95%CI 1.16–1.34)during Early Lockdown,by 12%(OR 1.12,95%CI 1.03–1.22)during Later Lockdown,by 35%(OR 1.35,95%CI 1.21–1.50)during Early Lift,and returned to pre-COVID risk(OR 1.04,95%CI 0.95–1.14)during Later Lift.For each time-period,we observed a clear mortality gradient by timing and types of revascularization procedure.In conclusion,the COVID-19 epidemic had a significant adverse impact on STEMI in-hospital mortality,with bimodal peaks during early lockdown and early lift periods and clear mortality gradients by timing and types of revascularization procedure,independent of the time periods.

Theranostic nanosystem mediating cascade catalytic reactions for effective immunotherapy of highly immunosuppressive and poorly penetrable pancreatic tumor

The dense desmoplastic stroma and immunosuppressive microenvironment of pancreatic cancer hinder the penetration of drugs and induce a considerable resistance to conventional chemoradiotherapy. Although nanomedicine has recently shown attractive potential in cancer immunotherapy, it remains a great challenge to achieve efficient drug delivery and potent immune activation.Here, a stimuli-responsive nanosystem, comprising superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals and nitric oxide(NO) donors,was developed for in-situ triggered catalytic cascade reaction to produce abundant free radicals and remodel the anti-tumor immunity. The nanosystem was activated in the tumor microenvironment to produce NO which dilated the tumor vasculature for efficient drug delivery, and the iron oxide nanocrystals catalyzed the reaction of NO to generate reactive oxygen-nitrogen species(RONS) with high cytotoxicity. Moreover, owing to the catalytic cascade reactions mediated by the nanosystem, the tumor associated macrophages(TAMs) were converted to a proinflammatory M1 phenotype and tumor infiltration of effector T cells was promoted to result in potent anti-tumor immunotherapy which could be readily monitored with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).

Synthesis,Bioactivity Evaluation,3D-QSAR,and Molecular Docking of Novel Pyrazole-4-carbohydrazides as Potential Fungicides Targeting Succinate Dehydrogenase

To screen novel antifungal agents targeting the succinate dehydrogenase(SDH),a series of pyrazole-4-carbohydrazides were rationally designed,synthesized,and characterized under the guidance of the structures of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors(SDHIs).Bioassay results in vitro indicated that most of the target compounds exhibited excellent activity against Rhizoctonia solani(R.solani),Fusarium graminearum(F.graminearum),Botrytis cinerea(B.cinerea)and Colletotrichum capsica(C.cinerea).Compounds 7d,7l,7t and 7x were identified as the most promoting candidates,and their anti-F.graminearum EC50 values were as low as 0.56,0.47,0.46 and 0.49μg/mL,respectively,presenting the similar antifungal activity as that of the commonly used fungicide carbendazim(0.43μg/mL).The 3D-QSAR models were built for a systematic structure-activity relationship profile to explore more potent pyrazole-4-carbohydrazides as novel fungicides.Molecular docking of 7d,7l and 7r with SDH was performed to reveal the binding modes in active pocket and analyze the interactions between the molecules and the SDH protein.

Highly conductive and transparent metal-organic frameworks thin film

Energy crisis has aroused global concern and needs to be solved immediately. A series of serious environmental problems caused by the unlimited use of trad让ional fossil fuels like petroleum and charcoal, such as rising sea levels and melting glaciers, have dangerously threatened human destiny [ 1 ]. It is an effective choice to look for new energy sources to replace the lim让ed fossil fuel reserves. Among these new energy sources, solar energy stands out and attracts tremendous attention because of its environmental friendliness, stability, renewability, and universality [2-5]. Transparent and conductive electrode is the vital part in photoelectric conversion devices [6]. Indium tin oxide (ITO) is the most popular transparent and conductive electrode material at present [7]. However, the limited reserves of indium, a component in ITO has resulted in the high price of ITO electrode, restricting its wide application.

Shipborne oceanic high-spectral-resolution lidar for accurate estimation of seawater depth-resolved optical properties

Lidar techniques present a distinctive ability to resolve vertical structure of optical properties within the upper water column at both day-and night-time.However,accuracy challenges remain for existing lidar instruments due to the ill-posed nature of elastic backscatter lidar retrievals and multiple scattering.Here we demonstrate the high performance of,to the best of our knowledge,the first shipborne oceanic high-spectral-resolution lidar(HSRL)and illustrate a multiple scattering correction algorithm to rigorously address the above challenges in estimating the depth-resolved diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd and the particulate backscattering coefficient bbp at 532 nm.HSRL data were collected during day-and night-time within the coastal areas of East China Sea and South China Sea,which are connected by the Taiwan Strait.Results include vertical profiles from open ocean waters to moderate turbid waters and first lidar continuous observation of diel vertical distribution of thin layers at a fixed station.The root-mean-square relative differences between the HSRL and coincident in situ measurements are 5.6%and 9.1%for Kd and bbp,respectively,corresponding to an improvement of 2.7-13.5 and 4.9-44.1 times,respectively,with respect to elastic backscatter lidar methods.Shipborne oceanic HSRLs with high performance are expected to be of paramount importance for the construction of 3D map of ocean ecosystem.

原位肝癌小鼠微波消融术后复发模型的构建

目的构建可模拟亚致死热应激状态的体外细胞及活体小鼠原位肝癌不完全热消融模型。方法将悬浮的单层H22细胞分为4组(37℃、42℃、47℃、50℃)分别置于6孔培养板中培养,热处理前8 h更换新鲜完全培养基,随后恒温水浴15 min进行热处理以构建亚致死热应激体外模型并置于37℃培养箱中继续培养。48 h后进行Western Blot实验检测EMT表型,并通过Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)试剂盒检测细胞活力。沿小鼠腹中线开腹后暴露肝脏并于肝包膜下注射H22细胞(5×10^(6)个),待瘤体长径约等于8 mm后将小鼠随机分为完全消融组(complete ablation group,cMWA)、不完全消融组(incomplete ablation group,iMWA)及假手术组,并在开腹直视下沿瘤体长轴行微波消融以建立原位肝癌不完全热消融模型。消融后第14天复查MRI并采集肝脏标本进行组织病理学检查。结果接种H22细胞约14天后小鼠肿瘤达到预定肿瘤长径范围,肿瘤平均长径为(9.32±0.83)mm。消融术后14天,不完全消融组肿瘤平均长径(12.93±1.51)mm,且较消融前明显增大。免疫荧光染色结果显示iMWA组残瘤内见大量中性粒细胞浸润。Western blot结果显示亚致死热应激状态下肝癌细胞EMT表型的恶性转变,其中波形蛋白(Vimentin)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达上调,E钙黏附蛋白(E-cadherin)表达下调。结论亚致死热应激状态的体外细胞及活体小鼠原位肝癌不完全热消融模型成功构建,该状态下残瘤内大量中性粒细胞浸润,同时肝癌细胞可能转变为更具侵袭性的间充质表型并导致肿瘤进展。

Novel 1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives containing a hydrazide moiety:Design, synthesis and bioactive evaluation against phytopathogenic fungi in vitro and in vivo

A series of novel 1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives bearing a hydrazide moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activities against Rhizoctonia solani (Rs), Fusarium graminearum (Fg), Botrytis cinerea (Bc) and Colletotrichum capsici (Cc). The in vitro antifungal bioassays indicated that most of title compounds displayed good selectivity and specificity aganist Rs relative to Fg, Bc and Cc. Strikingly, the title compound N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(5-phenyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-yl)acethydrazide (5b) obviously inhibited the Rs growth in vitro with the EC50 value of 0.24μg/mL, which is approximately 2-folds more effective than the commercialized fungicide carbendazim (0.55 μg/mL). The in vivo anti-Rs effects of title compound 5b were further evaluated on rice leaves with control efficacies of 98.58% at 200 μg/mL and 61.27% at 100 μg/mL. The above researches provide a significant reference for the further structural optimization of 1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives bearing a hydrazide moiety as potential fungicides.