Effect Evaluation of CBL Combined with Rain Classroom Teaching Method in Medical Statistics

Objective: To explore the application effect of CBL combined with rain classroom teaching method in medical statistics courses. Methods: The undergraduate students of medical imaging technology in 2019 and 2020 in a university were selected as the research objects. A cluster sampling method was used to select 79 undergraduate students from 2019 in the control group and 75 undergraduate students from 2020 in the experimental group. Traditional teaching method and CBL combined with rain classroom teaching method was used in the control group and experimental group respectively. The final examination scores of the two groups were compared. In experimental group, the correlation between the average score in the rain classroom and the final examination score was tested, and the teaching effect was evaluated. Results: The average score of final examination in experimental group and control group was 79.13 ± 10.32 points and 71.54 ± 14.752 points, respectively, which had a statistically significant difference (Z = 2.586, P = 0.012);the final examination scores of the students in the experimental group were positively correlated with the average scores of the rain classroom (r = 0.372, P = 0.001), and the proportion of satisfaction in the experimental group was 94.7%. Conclusion: The CBL combined with rain classroom teaching method can improve the teaching effectiveness of medical statistics courses.

对门静脉癌栓的新认识与新实践

肝细胞癌合并门静脉癌栓为临床常见情况,但人们对其认识仍然存在不足。本文从门静脉癌栓的形成机制、门静脉癌栓的可见度分型以及肝内播散转移的原因和机制等方面提出了一些新的认识;在这些认识的基础上,又提出“门静脉优先”理念,即术中先要分离、结扎或阻断肿瘤所在区域的门静脉,然后游离肝脏、切除肿瘤;同时提出“门静脉探查”理念,即离断肝脏时要探查断面管道有无癌栓,然后才能结扎;最后提出“门静脉原位切开直视下取栓术”,即对于程氏Ⅱ型及部分Ⅲ型癌栓,先要游离、阻断门静脉主干及对侧分支,然后切开癌栓所在部位的门静脉,直视下取出癌栓。

Diagnostic value of 5 serum biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma with different epidemiological backgrounds:A large-scale,retrospective study

Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a lethal global disease that requires an accurate diagnosis.We assessed the potential of 5 serum biomarkers(AFP,AFU,GGT-II,GPC3,and HGF)in the diagnosis of HCC.Methods:In this retrospective study,we measured the serum levels of each biomarker using ELISAs in 921 participants,including 298 patients with HCC,154 patients with chronic hepatitis(CH),122 patients with liver cirrhosis(LC),and 347 healthy controls from 3 hospitals.Patients negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C antibody(called"NBNC-HCC")and patients positive for the above indices(called"HBV-HCC and HCV-HCC")were enrolled.The selected diagnostic model was constructed using a training cohort(n=468),and a validation cohort(n=453)was used to validate our results.Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy.Results:Theα-L-fucosidase(AFU)/α-fetoprotein(AFP)combination was best able to distinguish NBNC-HCC[area under the curve:0.986(95%confidence interval:0.958–0.997),sensitivity:92.6%,specificity:98.9%]from healthy controls in the test cohort.For screening populations at risk of developing HCC(CH and LC),the AFP/AFU combination improved the diagnostic specificity for early-stage HCC[area under the curve:0.776(0.712–0.831),sensitivity:52.5%,specificity:91.6%in the test group].In all-stage HBV-HCC and HCV-HCC,AFU was also the best candidate biomarker combined with AFP[area under the curve:0.835(0.784–0.877),sensitivity 69.1%,specificity:87.4%in the test group].All results were verified in the validation group.Conclusions:The AFP/AFU combination could be used to identify NBNC-HCC from healthy controls and hepatitis-related HCC from at-risk patients.

Phytochemical constituents and biological activities of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruit: a review

Longan(Dimocarpus longan Lour.),as an edible fruit and traditional Chinese medicine,has been consumed for thousands of years.Longan pulp has abundant nutritional phytochemicals such as protein,carbohydrate,vitamin C,polysaccharides,polyphenols,which shows multiple biological activities including antioxidant,immunomodulatory and antitumor effects.Longan pericarp also demonstrates biological activities because of its rich content of polysaccharides and polyphenols.This review summarizes the bioactive compounds and bioactivities of longan pulp and aims to provide comprehensive information for future development of longan as a functional health food.

Anti-Overturning Fully Symmetrical Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on an Elliptic Cylindrical Structure for All-Weather Blue Energy Harvesting

Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs) have shown promising potential for large-scale blue energy harvesting. However, the lack of reasonable designs has largely hindered TENG from harvesting energy from both rough and tranquil seas. Herein, a fully symmetrical triboelectric nanogenerator based on an elliptical cylindrical structure(EC-TENG) is proposed for all-weather blue energy harvesting. The novel elliptical cylindrical shell provides a unique selfstability, high sensitivity to wave triggering, and most importantly, an anti-overturning capability for the EC-TENG. Moreover, benefiting from its internal symmetrical design, the EC-TENG can produce energy normally, even if it was overturned under a rude oscillation in the rough seas, which distinguishes this work from previous reported TENGs. The working mechanism and output performance are systematically studied. The as-fabricated EC-TENG is capable of lighting 400 light-emitting diodes and driving small electronics. More than that, an automatic monitoring system powered by the EC-TENG can also monitor the water level in real-time and provide an alarm if necessary. This work presents an innovative and reliable approach toward all-weather wave energy harvesting in actual marine environments.

Transcriptome and carotenoid profiling of different varieties of Coffea arabica provides insights into fruit color formation

The processability and ultimate quality of coffee(Coffea arabica)are determined by the composition of the matured fruits.The basis of genetic variation in coffee fruit quality could be explained by studying color formation during fruit maturation.Transcriptome profiling was conducted on matured fruits of four C.arabica varieties(orange colored fruits(ORF);purple colored fruits(PF);red colored fruits(RF)and yellow colored fruits(YF))to identify key color-regulating genes,biosynthesis pathways and transcription factors implicated in fruit color formation.A total of 39,938 genes were identified in the transcriptomes of the four C.arabica varieties.In all,2745,781 and 1224 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were detected in YF_vs_PF,YF_vs_RF and YF_vs_ORF,respectively,with 1732 DEGs conserved among the three pairwise groups.Functional annotation of the DEGs led to the detection of 28 and 82 key genes involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids and anthocyanins,respectively.Key transcription factors bHLH,MYB,NAC,MADS,and WRKY implicated in fruit color regulation were detected.The high expression levels of gene-LOC113688784(PSY),gene-LOC113730013(b-CHY),gene-LOC113728842(CCD7),gene-LOC113689681(NCED)and gene-LOC113729473(ABA2)in YF may have accounted for the yellow coloration.The differential expression of several anthocyanin and carotenoid-specific genes in the fruits substantially account for the purple(PF),red(RF),and orange(ORF)colorations.This study provides important insights into fruit color formation and variations in C.arabica and will help to develop coffee varieties with specific color and quality traits.

Experience in New Socialist Countryside Planning and Construction and Recommendations: A Case Study of Haotang Village in Xinyang City of Henan Province

Taking Haotang Village in Xinyang City of Henan Province as an example,this paper analyzed experience of this village in development of new socialist countryside construction. The new socialist countryside planning and construction should attach importance to research on original spatial pattern of villages,really respect and bring into play subject function of farmers,and deeply explore rural financial services. It is expected to provide reference for future new socialist countryside planning and construction.

Antidiabetic agents:Do they hit the right targets?

Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a progressive metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and caused by different degree of pancreatic islet dysfunction and/or insulin resistance(IR).Long course DM can lead to a variety of macrovascular and microvascular complications which involve artery vessels,heart,kidney,retina,nervous system,etc.In recent years,DM has attracted more and more attention due to its high morbidity and mortality.In addition to achieve effective glycemic control,prevention of complications has also been considered a priority for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)management.Herein,we provide a comprehensive overview on the pharmacotherapeutics for T2DM and perspectives on the future directions of basic and translational research on anti-diabetic therapy and pharmatheutical development of new drugs.

Special IgD-λtype multiple myeloma based on bone marrow cell morphology:A case report

We aimed to explore the changes of laboratory indexes of IgD-λtype multiple myeloma with special cell morphology,and to improve the cognition of IgD-λtype MM.To explore the changes of laboratory indexes of IgD-λtype 1 multiple myeloma with special cell morphology,and to improve the cognition of IgD-λtype MM.The morphology of bone marrow cells,immunofixation electrophoresis,serum free light chain(sFLC)and other detection indexes of a patient with IgD-λtype MM treated in Handan Central Hospital in December 2020 were analyzed.The patient bone marrow smears showed 62%of abnormal cells-which were distributed in clusters and resembled lymphoma and metastatic cancer cells.The Flowcytometry indicates that the cell is a plasma cell tumor.Immunoglobulin IgG,IgA and IgM were all lower than the normal range.There is a monoclonal light chainλcomponent in immunofixation electrophoresis.The serum free light chainλwas 2700.00 mg/L,light chain k/λis 0.0023,the high of serum calcium,LDH,β2 microglobulin.IgD-λtype MM is a rare type of MM.The age of onset is young,the invasiveness is strong,the prognosis is poor,the clinical manifestation is complex,and it is easy to be misdiagnosed or missed.The analysis of the clinical symptoms and laboratory characteristics of the disease plays a positive role in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the disease.

Chinese Journals' Chief Editors Should Enhance Their Response Rate to Authors

Chief editors are the souls of journals,and can guarantee a journal's success by enhancing the efficiency of the manuscript submission and publication process through promptness and speedy response rates to authors.In this study,a total of 867 international journals—indexed by Science Citation Index,Social Sciences Citation Index,and Arts&Humanities Citation Index,and 567 Chinese journals—indexed by Chinese Science Citation Database and Chinese Social Science Citation Information database,were randomly selected to explore whether significant differences in the response rate and speed exist between chief editors.639 chief editors'email addresses were obtained for the international journals,whereas 357 email addresses were gathered for the Chinese journals.However,due to mail servers,only 274 international and 330 Chinese editors were successfully contacted.All messages contained a questionnaire geared to determine the total length of time required for the manuscript submission and publication process.After two months,a 100% response rate was achieved for international chief editors,while Chinese chief editors had a significantly lower rate(P<0.01)of 30.6%.Nevertheless,for both international and Chinese chief editors,66% and 58% provided a response within 12 hours,respectively.Although several reasons exist for the Chinese journals'lagging behind international journals,this study demonstrates that the response rate of chief editors to authors may also be a contributing factor.Thus,chief editors of Chinese journals should enhance their response rate to improve the current situation and further contribute to Chinese journals'success.

Survey of the Sleep Quality of Medical Staff in a Grade A Tertiary Hospital during the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Outbreak

This study aimed to investigate the sleep quality of medical staff in China who are combatting novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19).To perform this,a survey of 127 medical staff from three separate wards(the general ward,isolation ward,and fever clinic)of a Grade A tertiary hospital in China was conducted.The survey questionnaire measured general characteristics and included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).We consequently found that global PSQI scores differed significantly between the different wards(χ2=44.561,P<0.001).Whilst the medical staff in the general ward did not report any sleep disturbances,those in the isolation ward and the fever clinic both exhibited various degrees of sleep disturbance(global PSQI score>7).Medical staff in the isolation ward had the worst sleep quality(mean rank=91.74),followed by those in the fever clinic(mean rank=70.52)and the general ward(mean rank=39.10),respectively.The primary sleep disturbances reported by the medical staff from the isolation ward included difficulty falling asleep(24 cases,71.42%),waking early or at night(28 cases,80%),and nightmares(18 cases,51.42%).In addition,31.42%(11 cases)of the medical staff from the isolation ward had less than six hours of sleep a night,and 65.71%(23 cases)felt that their sleep quality was poor;meanwhile,for the staff from the fever clinic these ratios were 16.67%(seven cases)and 33.33%(14 cases),respectively.In contrast,among medical staff in the general ward,98%(49 cases)reported sleeping for more than six hours a night,and 96%felt that their sleep quality was good.In conclusion,of the medical staff providing treatment for COVID-19,those in isolation wards and fever clinics are more likely to experience sleep disturbances.

The Application of Quality Control Circles to Reduce the Cost of Non-priced Consumables in Department of Oncology

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of using quality control circle(QCC)techniques to reduce the cost of non-priced consumables in medical oncology.Methods:Analytic statistics were compiled on the performance appraisal form.Aiming at the key points of improvement with respect to the excess cost of non-valuable consumables,the reasons were analyzed,and corresponding measures were formulated to compare the cost before and after the improvement.Results:After the QCC activity,the cost of non-priced consumables decreased from RMB 6.57/bed day to RMB 3.96/bed day.Conclusion:QCC has effectively reduced the cost of non-priced consumables in the oncology department,and it is worthy of promotion.

Multi-scale structure engineering of covalent organic framework for electrochemical charge storage

Covalent organic frameworks(COFs),which are constructed by linking organic building blocks via dynamic covalent bonds,are newly emerged and burgeoning crystalline porous copolymers with features including programmable topological architecture,pre-designable periodic skeleton,well-defined micro-/meso-pore,large specific surface area,and customizable electroactive functionality.Those benefits make COFs as promising candidates for advanced electrochemical energy storage.Especially,for now,structure engineering of COFs from multiscale aspects has been conducted to enable optimal overall electrochemical performance in terms of structure durability,electrical conductivity,redox activity,and charge storage.In this review,we give a fundamental and insightful study on the correlations between multi-scale structure engineering and eventual electrochemical properties of COFs,started with introducing their basic chemistries and charge storage principles.The careful discussion on the significant achievements in structure engineering of COFs from linkages,redox sites,polygon skeleton,crystal nanostructures,and composite microstructures,and further their effects on the electrochemical behavior of COFs are presented.Finally,the timely cutting-edge perspectives and in-depth insights into COFbased electrodematerials to rationally screen their electrochemical behaviors for addressing future challenges and implementing electrochemical energy storage applications are proposed.

Inhibition of METTL3 in macrophages provides protection against intestinal inflammation

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is prevalent,and no satisfactory therapeutic options are available because the mechanisms underlying its development are poorly understood.In this study,we discovered that increased expression of methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)in macrophages was correlated with the development of colitis and that depletion of METTL3 in macrophages protected mice against dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis.Mechanistic characterization indicated that METTL3 depletion increased the YTHDF3-mediated expression of phosphoglycolate phosphatase(PGP),which resulted in glucose metabolism reprogramming and the suppression of CD4+T helper 1(Th1)cell differentiation.Further analysis revealed that glucose metabolism contributed to the ability of METTL3 depletion to ameliorate colitis symptoms.In addition,we developed two potent small molecule METTL3 inhibitors,namely,F039-0002 and 7460-0250,that strongly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis.Overall,our study suggests that METTL3 plays crucial roles in the progression of colitis and highlights the potential of targeting METTL3 to attenuate intestinal inflammation for the treatment of colitis.

Status and determinants of health services utilization among elderly migrants in China

Background:The household registration system in China places migrants in a vulnerable status regarding access to local public services,including limited access to health services.Most studies on migrants’health services utilization targeted on working-age migrants,and there has been a paucity of studies conducted among elderly migrants.This study aims to investigate the status of health services utilization and its influential factors among elderly migrants.Methods:Data(13,043 participants,52.4%male,mean age 66.22±6.20)were derived from the 2015 Migrant Dynamics Monitoring Survey.The outcome variable in the study was health services utilization,consisting of doctor visits,hospitalization and local inpatient care.The Behavioral Model of Health Service Use was applied to categorize the influential factors into three components,including predisposing,enabling and need factors.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influential factors of the three components of health services utilization.Results:Of the total sample,45.5%would visit a doctor when they were ill,81.8%would prefer to be hospitalized when recommended by doctors,and 71.6%(those who were hospitalized)would choose to receive local inpatient care rather than going back to their hometown.Age,marital status,household income,years of residence,migration range,reasons for migration,size of friend network,health insurance type,local health insurance status and chronic disease status were significantly associated with health services utilization.Conclusion:A low level of local health services utilization was observed among elderly migrants.Enabling factors played important roles in promoting health services utilization among elderly migrants.Policy and decision makers may consider improving the capability for elderly migrants to access health services,such as increasing income and providing local health insurance.

关于社会主义理论的几个基本问题

什么是社会主义?'私有制'、'剥削'这些词能与社会主义兼容吗?这些问题无论在学界还是民间都存在争议。本文在考察了从马克思、恩格斯早年发表的《共产党宣言》到后期的《〈政治经济学批判〉序言》,从列宁的《卡尔·马克思》到斯大林的《苏联社会主义经济问题》等马克思列宁主义经典文献的基础上,着重讨论了改革开放以来中国共产党几代领导核心如何发展了马克思主义和社会主义理论。从邓小平关于社会主义本质的五句话到江泽民'三个代表'重要思想,再到习近平总书记提出民营企业家是自己人,中国共产党把马克思主义中国化发展到一个新的阶段,把社会主义理论发展到一个新的高度。

祁连山狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)叶片生态化学计量特征对海拔的响应

海拔是影响植物分布及生理生态适应性的主要地形因子。研究物种水平上叶片生态化学计量对海拔的响应,可揭示物种对环境变化的适应策略及环境变化对其的塑造作用。对祁连山中段不同海拔(2400、2600、2800、3000、3200 m)狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)叶片碳(LC)、氮(LN)、磷(LP)含量及其计量比进行了对比研究,结果显示:随海拔升高,狼毒LC含量呈先减后增、再减趋势,最大值为471.00 g·kg^(-1)(3000 m)、最小值为410.73 g·kg^(-1)(3200 m)。LN含量呈先减后增趋势,最大值和最小值分别为35.15 g·kg^(-1)(3200 m)和29.83 g·kg^(-1)(2600 m)。LP含量的变化趋势与LN的基本一致,最大值和最小值分别为1.73 g·kg^(-1)(3200 m)和0.98 g·kg^(-1)(2800 m)。LC∶LN呈先增后减趋势,而LC∶LP、LN∶LP呈先减后增、再减趋势;年平均气温、土壤有机碳与总氮含量之比及年平均降水量是影响狼毒叶片生态化学计量的主导因子;研究区狼毒生长主要受P元素限制。海拔主要通过调控水、热分配及影响土壤(主要是碳/氮),进而对狼毒叶片生态化学计量产生影响,而狼毒则主要通过调整其叶片内在生理性状以适应海拔的变化。

Preparation and properties of a new porous ceramic material used in clean energy field

At high tem perature, the oxide redox reactions of ceria can split H2O and CO2 to produce H2 and CO, so porous ceria with high temperature resistance and high specific surface area has an important foreground in clean energy applications. In this work, a reticulated porous ceria ceramic material with interconnected porous structure was prepared by the impregnation technique using organic polyurethane sponges as template. The influences of pretreated sponge, dipping time length, pore size and sintering temperature on the porosity and strength of the porous ceria ceramics were system atically studied. With the increasing sintering temperature, the glass phase occurred and led to an increase in strength, but an decrease in porosity. Eventually, we analyzed the relationships betw een porosity and strength of these porous materials, aiming to provide theoretical and practical references for its application in clean-energy field.

Reasoning and predicting POMDP planning complexity via covering numbers

Partially observable Markov decision processes （POMDPs） provide a rich mathematical framework for planning tasks in partially observable stochastic environments. The notion of the covering number, a metric of capturing the search space size of a POMDP planning problem, has been proposed as a complexity measure of approximate POMDP planning. Existing theoretical results are based on POMDPs with finite and discrete state spaces and measured in the l1- metric space. When considering heuristics, they are assumed to be always admissible. This paper extends the theoretical results on the covering numbers of different search spaces, including the newly defined space reachable under inadmissible heuristics, to the ln-metric spaces. We provide a simple but scalable algorithm for estimating covering numbers. Experimentally, we provide estimated covering numbers of the search spaces reachable by following different policies on several benchmark problems, and analyze their abilities to predict the runtime of POMDP planning algorithms.

Influence of the prestressed layer on spherical transducer in sound radiation performance

To improve the acoustic radiation performance of the spherical transducer,a prestressed layer is formed in the transducer through fiber winding.The influence of the prestressed layer on the transducer is studied from the effects of the radial prestress(Tr)and acoustic impedance,respectively.First,a theoretical estimation of Tr is established with a thin shell approximation of the prestressed layer.Then,the acoustic impedance is measured to evaluate the efficiency of sound energy transmission within the prestressed layer.Further,the ideal effects of Tr on the sound radiation performances of the transducer are analyzed through finite element analysis(FEA).Finally,four spherical transducers are fabricated and tested to investigate their dependence of actual properties on the prestressed layer.The results show that with the growth of Tr,the acoustic impedance of the prestressed layer grows,mitigating the enormous impedance mismatch between the piezoelectric ceramic and water,while increasing attenuation of the acoustic energy,resulting in a peak value of the maximum transmitting voltage response(TVRmax)at 1.18 MPa.The maximum drive voltage increases with Tr,leading to a steady growth of the maximum transmitting sound level(SLmax),with a noticeable ascend of 3.9 dB at a 3.44 MPa Tr.This is a strong credibility that the prestressed layer could improve the sound radiation perfor­mance of the spherical transducer.