A retrospective analysis of mature T-and NK-cell lymphomas

Mature T-and natural killer(NK)-cell lymphomas are heterogeneous groups of malignant lymphoid neoplasms arising from T and NK cells. The incidence of mature T-and NK-cell lymphomas is 2.1 per 100,000 people, according to a US report~1.

Next-generation vaccines for substance use disorders

Substance use disorders(SUDs)impact an estimated 300 million people worldwide,significantly impairing both health and social functioning.These disorders are marked by an inability to regulate substance use,despite the harmful consequences.Addiction affects various neurotransmitter systems,including dopamine,serotonin,γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and glutamate,each of which plays a role in the reward,stress,and self-control pathways of the brain(Koob&Volkow,2016).While significant advances have been made in neuroscience,our understanding of how these neurotransmitter systems interact and contribute to addiction is still evolving.This knowledge gap represents a significant challenge in the formulation of effective treatments for SUDs.At present,the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has approved pharmacological treatments for alcohol,nicotine,and opioid use disorders(Vasiliu,2022);however,no such treatments have been authorized for SUDs in general,or specifically for stimulant use disorders,such as cocaine and methamphetamine addiction.Notably,the FDA has not approved any new drugs for SUD treatment in the past 40 years.

Microglia in drug addiction:A perspective from neuroimmunopharmacology

Drug addiction refers to a state of dependence that arises from habitual drug intake and can result in specific withdrawal symptoms upon cessation.The most commonly abused substances include psychostimulants,cannabinoids,and opioids.When drugs are consumed,they stimulate the release of dopamine,a neurotransmitter crucial for the pleasure and reward centers of the brain.With repeated drug use,the brain undergoes various changes,leading to tolerance,dependence,and addiction(Lüscher et al.,2020).The mechanisms involved in drug addiction are highly complex and involve diverse cell types within the brain.

Rate-limiting factors in hydrate decomposition through depressurization across various scales:A mini-review

Natural gas hydrate is an energy resource for methane that has a carbon quantity twice more than all traditional fossil fuels combined.However,their practical application in the field has been limited due to the challenges of long-term preparation,high costs and associated risks.Experimental studies,on the other hand,offer a safe and cost-effective means of exploring the mechanisms of hydrate dissociation and optimizing exploitation conditions.Gas hydrate decomposition is a complicated process along with intrinsic kinetics,mass transfer and heat transfer,which are the influencing factors for hydrate decomposition rate.The identification of the rate-limiting factor for hydrate dissociation during depressurization varies with the scale of the reservoir,making it challenging to extrapolate findings from laboratory experiments to the actual exploitation.This review aims to summarize current knowledge of investigations on hydrate decomposition on the subject of the research scale(core scale,middle scale,large scale and field tests)and to analyze determining factors for decomposition rate,considering the various research scales and their associated influencing factors.

Flexible,thermal processable,self-healing,and fully bio-based starch plastics by constructing dynamic imine network

The serious environmental threat caused by petroleum-based plastics has spurred more researches in developing substitutes from renewable sources.Starch is desirable for fabricating bioplastic due to its abundance and renewable nature.However,limitations such as brittleness,hydrophilicity,and thermal properties restrict its widespread application.To overcome these issues,covalent adaptable network was constructed to fabricate a fully bio-based starch plastic with multiple advantages via Schiff base reactions.This strategy endowed starch plastic with excellent thermal processability,as evidenced by a low glass transition temperature(T_(g)=20.15℃).Through introducing Priamine with long carbon chains,the starch plastic demonstrated superior flexibility(elongation at break=45.2%)and waterproof capability(water contact angle=109.2°).Besides,it possessed a good thermal stability and self-adaptability,as well as solvent resistance and chemical degradability.This work provides a promising method to fabricate fully bio-based plastics as alternative to petroleum-based plastics.

Configuration and Kinematics of a 3-DOF Generalized Spherical Parallel Mechanism for Ankle Rehabilitation

The kinematic equivalent model of an existing ankle-rehabilitation robot is inconsistent with the anatomical structure of the human ankle,which influences the rehabilitation effect.Therefore,this study equates the human ankle to the UR model and proposes a novel three degrees of freedom(3-DOF)generalized spherical parallel mechanism for ankle rehabilitation.The parallel mechanism has two spherical centers corresponding to the rotation centers of tibiotalar and subtalar joints.Using screw theory,the mobility of the parallel mechanism,which meets the requirements of the human ankle,is analyzed.The inverse kinematics are presented,and singularities are identified based on the Jacobian matrix.The workspaces of the parallel mechanism are obtained through the search method and compared with the motion range of the human ankle,which shows that the parallel mechanism can meet the motion demand of ankle rehabilitation.Additionally,based on the motion-force transmissibility,the performance atlases are plotted in the parameter optimal design space,and the optimum parameter is obtained according to the demands of practical applications.The results show that the parallel mechanism can meet the motion requirements of ankle rehabilitation and has excellent kinematic performance in its rehabilitation range,which provides a theoretical basis for the prototype design and experimental verification.

Multi-source heterogeneous data access management framework and key technologies for electric power Internet of Things

The power Internet of Things(IoT)is a significant trend in technology and a requirement for national strategic development.With the deepening digital transformation of the power grid,China’s power system has initially built a power IoT architecture comprising a perception,network,and platform application layer.However,owing to the structural complexity of the power system,the construction of the power IoT continues to face problems such as complex access management of massive heterogeneous equipment,diverse IoT protocol access methods,high concurrency of network communications,and weak data security protection.To address these issues,this study optimizes the existing architecture of the power IoT and designs an integrated management framework for the access of multi-source heterogeneous data in the power IoT,comprising cloud,pipe,edge,and terminal parts.It further reviews and analyzes the key technologies involved in the power IoT,such as the unified management of the physical model,high concurrent access,multi-protocol access,multi-source heterogeneous data storage management,and data security control,to provide a more flexible,efficient,secure,and easy-to-use solution for multi-source heterogeneous data access in the power IoT.

Data-Driven Design of Single-Atom Electrocatalysts with Intrinsic Descriptors for Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reaction

The strategic manipulation of the interaction between a central metal atom and its coordinating environment in single-atom catalysts(SACs)is crucial for catalyzing the CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,it remains a major challenge.While density-functional theory calculations serve as a powerful tool for catalyst screening,their time-consuming nature poses limitations.This paper presents a machine learning(ML)model based on easily accessible intrinsic descriptors to enable rapid,cost-effective,and high-throughput screening of efficient SACs in complex systems.Our ML model comprehensively captures the influences of interactions between 3 and 5d metal centers and 8 C,N-based coordination environments on CO_(2)RR activity and selectivity.We reveal the electronic origin of the different activity trends observed in early and late transition metals during coordination with N atoms.The extreme gradient boosting regression model shows optimal performance in predicting binding energy and limiting potential for both HCOOH and CO production.We confirm that the product of the electronegativity and the valence electron number of metals,the radius of metals,and the average electronegativity of neighboring coordination atoms are the critical intrinsic factors determining CO_(2)RR activity.Our developed ML models successfully predict several high-performance SACs beyond the existing database,demonstrating their potential applicability to other systems.This work provides insights into the low-cost and rational design of high-performance SACs.

Optimization of a Pipeline-Type Savonius Hydraulic Turbine

This study focuses on a DN50 pipeline-type Savonius hydraulic turbine.The torque variation of the turbine in a rotation cycle is analyzed theoretically in the framework of the plane potential flow theory.Related numerical simulations show that the change in turbine torque is consistent with the theoretical analysis,with the main power zone and the secondary power zone exhibiting a positive torque.In contrast,the primary resistance zone and the secondary resistance zone are characterized by a negative torque.Analytical relationships between the turbine’s internal flow angleθ,the deflector’s inclination angleα0,and the coverage angleαof the power zone are introduced,and a method for calculating the optimal number of blades is proposed to maximize the power zone.Results are presented about performance tests conducted on five groups of hydraulic turbines with the blade number ranging from 3 to 7.Such results indicate that both the turbine’s recovery power and efficiency attain the highest values when the blade number is 4,which is in agreement with the number of blades calculated by the proposed method.Additionally,the study examines the effects of the flow rate on turbine parameters and the projected energy generation and cost savings for a specific pipeline configuration.

蜜胺甲醛树脂包覆聚磷酸铵/三聚氰胺/硼酸锌复合阻燃剂对环氧树脂胶黏剂阻燃性能的影响

以蜜胺甲醛树脂包覆聚磷酸铵(MFAPP)、三聚氰胺(MEL)、硼酸锌(ZB)配置成复合阻燃剂加入到聚氨酯增韧的环氧树脂中,再加入固化剂聚酰胺9010(PA),制备出阻燃环氧树脂胶黏剂。通过氧指数和力学性能测试研究了材料的热稳定性和力学性能。通过扫描电镜和拉曼光谱研究了阻燃胶黏剂的成炭情况。结果表明,当复合阻燃剂加入环氧树脂胶黏剂中质量分数达到25%时,极限氧指数从19.5%提高到30.9%,垂直燃烧效果通过UL-94 V-0级,剪切强度为29.2 MPa,总热释放量(THR)和总烟生成量(TSP)显著降低。

无卤复合型阻燃剂对环氧树脂阻燃性能的影响

以双酚A型环氧树脂E51为基料,自制的聚酰胺3369号为固化剂,加入由三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、聚磷酸铵、硅树脂配制成的复合型阻燃剂(MAPPSi)制备出无卤阻燃环氧树脂。通过氧指数仪、垂直燃烧仪(UL-94)、锥形量热仪和热重分析仪研究了材料的阻燃性能和热降解行为;通过扫描电子显微镜、万能拉力机研究了材料的表面形态和力学性能。结果表明,当阻燃剂MAPPSi质量分数达到18%后,极限氧指数从19.6%提高到32.5%,垂直燃烧效果通过UL-94 V-0级,拉伸强度为55.6 MPa,剪切强度为24.2 MPa。

The Efficacy of Electromyographic Biofeedback Combined with Swallowing Training on Post- Stroke Dysphagia

Objective:This paper focuses on the research and discussion of the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback combined with swallowing training on post-stroke dysphagia.Methods:This study randomly sampled and analyzed 68 patients with post-stroke dysphagia from January 2023 to December 2023,34 cases of swallowing training intervention were grouped as the control group,and 34 cases of electromyography biofeedback combined with swallowing training intervention were grouped as the study group,and the clinical therapeutic effects of the two groups of patients after receiving the two different modes of intervention were compared.Results:The swallowing function of patients in both groups improved,and the VFSS score of patients in the seminar group was significantly higher than that of the control group,indicating that the clinical efficacy of the seminar group was more significant.The nasal feeding tube extraction rate,extraction time,and quality of life scores of the seminar group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05),which is of research value.Conclusion:For patients with post-stroke dysphagia,treatment with electromyography biofeedback combined with swallowing training mode can significantly improve their swallowing function.This effective intervention can not only shorten the time for patients to remove the nasal feeding tube but also help to improve the quality of life of patients,which is worth using.

High Secretion of Beta-HCG by Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung in a Postmenopausal Female

With the development of research in tumor, some of them have been found to secrete beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) ectopically and lung cancer is one of them. Generally, lung cancer secreting β-HCG is mostly undifferentiated small cell carcinoma. Here, we report a rare case of squamous cell lung cancer secreting high level of β-HCG in a postmenopausal female. The tumor secreted β-HCG, measuring 16,500 mIU/ml. The patient presented with hemoptysis and postmenopausal bleeding. Pathological examination of CT-guided biopsy and investigations could not tell whether it was primary squamous cell lung cancer or choriocarcinoma with lung metastasis, to be responsible for the high level of β-HCG. The chemotherapy in the early stage seemed to be effective, but not good in the late stage. Then she underwent a right pulmonary middle lobectomy and the pathological examination finally confirmed the diagnosis of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The auxiliary chemotherapy made a decreased β-HCG. Only a few reports of squamous cell lung cancer secreting that high level of β-HCG can be found in the literature.

热气流辅助熔体微分电纺聚乳酸纤维制备

利用自制熔体微分静电纺丝设备,以聚乳酸(PLA)为原料,探究了熔体微分静电纺丝辅助气流温度及纺丝距离对纤维直径、均匀性、孔径分布的影响。纤维直径随着气流温度的上升而变细,纤维直径均匀性也随着气流温度的上升变得更加均匀,而纤维直径随着纺丝距离的变化呈现波谷趋势,并且根据纤维膜孔径分布表明,纤维越细、越均匀,纤维膜孔径分布越小,并获得了最佳的气流温度及纺丝距离参数。研究表明,在纺丝温度260℃、气流流量在20 m3/h、气流温度为100℃和纺丝距离为5.5 cm时,纤维平均直径达到最小值,约为400 nm。

氯化锌水溶液为溶剂制备的聚丙烯腈过滤膜

为了避免使用有机溶剂引起的环境污染问题,以高浓度氯化锌水溶液为溶剂,氧化-还原引发丙烯腈聚合得到的聚丙烯腈(PAN)为铸膜液,以水为凝固浴制备聚丙烯腈过滤膜,记为PAN(ZnCl2)膜。同时以二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂溶解商品化PAN,以水为凝固浴制备PAN过滤膜,记为PAN(DMF)膜。通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射对2种膜的形貌结构进行表征,研究了2种膜的力学性能、亲水性、抗污染性,以及对不同染料的过滤性能。结果表明,PAN(ZnCl2)膜比PAN(DMF)膜在亲水性、抗污染性、力学性能方面均有提高。在0.1 MPa的压力下,PAN(ZnCl2)膜的纯水通量达到70 L/(m2·h),染料溶液的通量在50~65 L/(m2·h),对刚果红(Mw=696.68)、直接黄27(Mw=662.62)和苋菜红(Mw=604.47)的截留率分别为100%、100%和55%;PAN(DMF)膜的水通量达到150 L/(m2·h),其对刚果红、直接黄27和苋菜红的截留率仅为92%、68%和19%,且膜易被染料污染。

基于格网尺度的新城区可持续空间形态要素测度研究——以宁波鄞州新城区为例

基于城市形态学,提出良好的街道可达性、适宜的建设强度与建筑形态、足够的功能混合度是促进城市可持续发展的空间形态基础,以宁波市鄞州新城区为例,通过空间句法、空间矩阵、混合功能指标测度其城市空间形态要素,结果表明:1)鄞州新城区街道网络整体协同能力较强,建筑形态以中层板式及围合式、低层围合式、高层板式为主,单一功能用地占主导地位,完全混合用地仅占1.73%;2)鄞州新城区空间活力中值区占比最高,通过密度-形态关联性分析,其在多层高覆盖率的形态区间被屏蔽;3)功能混合、可达性、建筑强度及形态之间重合度较高,高容积率(>2.2)单元格中有64.54%聚集在可达性高值区,双功能、多功能混合单元有50.25%、85.71%聚集在可达性高值区,混合单元有公共设施用地时混合功能-可达性关联的效应更明显。

聚四氟乙烯/SiO_(2)复合纤维膜的制备及性能

通过静电纺丝技术制备了具备超疏水性能的PVA/PTFE/SiO_(2)油水分离纤维膜。用SiO_(2)颗粒对聚乙烯醇(PVA)/聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)纤维膜进行二级粗糙结构的构建,得到PVA/PTFE/SiO_(2)复合纤维膜,用X射线衍射、疏水角测试、扫描电子显微镜、能谱、热重-差热分析、红外光谱分析及X射线光电子能谱分析对复合纤维膜进行表征,并对其进行油水分离性及稳定性实验。结果表明,添加SiO_(2)颗粒提高了纤维膜的疏水性能,当SiO_(2)颗粒的质量分数为0.5%时,纤维膜的疏水角平均值达到最大158.9°;该复合膜对不同油水混合物的分离效率均在99.2%以上,循环分离20次后的效率仍保持在98.6%以上。在油水分离方面表现出巨大的应用潜力,同时也表现出优异的稳定性能。

Community analysis of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in activated sludge of eight wastewater treatment systems

We investigated the communities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria （AOB） in activated sludge collected from eight wastewater treatment systems using polymerase chain reaction （PCR） followed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP）, cloning, and sequencing of the α-subunit of the ammonia monooxygenase gene （amoA）. The T-RFLP fingerprint analyses showed that different wastewater treatment systems harbored distinct AOB communities. However, there was no remarkable difference among the AOB T- RFLP profiles from different parts of the same system. The T-RFLP fingerprints showed that a full-scale wastewater treatment plant （WWTP） contained a larger number of dominant AOB species than a pilot-scale reactor. The source of influent affected the AOB community, and the WWTPs treating domestic wastewater contained a higher AOB diversity than those receiving mixed domestic and industrial wastewater. However, the AOB community structure was little affected by the treatment process in this study. Phylogenetic analysis of the cloned amoA genes clearly indicated that all the dominant AOB in the systems was closely related to Nitrosomonas spp. not to Nitrosospira spp. Members of the Nitrosomonas oligotropha and Nitrosomonas communis clusters were found in all samples, while members of Nitrosomonas europaea cluster occurred in some systems.

Fundamental mechanisms and phenomena of clathrate hydrate nucleation

Insights into the mechanism of hydrate nucleation are of great significance for the development of hydrate-based technologies,hydrate relevant flow assurance,and the exploration of in situ natural gas hydrates.Compared with the thermodynamics of hydrate formation,understanding the nucleation mechanism is challenging and has drawn substantial attention in recent decades.In this paper,we attempt to give a comprehensive review of the recent progress of studies of clathrate hydrate nucleation.First,the existing hypotheses on the hydrate nucleation mechanism are introduced and discussed.Then,we summarize recent experimental studies on induction time,a key parameter evaluating the velocity of the nucleation process.Subsequently,the memory effect is particularly discussed,followed by the suggestion of several promising research perspectives.

Redox status of thioredoxin-1 （TRX1） determines the sensitivity of human liver carcinoma cells （HepG2） to arsenic trioxide-induced cell death

lntracellular redox homeostasis plays a critical role in determining tumor cells＇ sensitivity to drug-induced apoptosis. Here we investigated the role of thioredoxin-1 （TRX1）, a key component of redox regulation, in arsenic trioxide （AS2O3）-induced apoptosis. Over-expression of wild-type TRX1 in HepG2 cells led to the inhibition of As2O3-induced cytochrome c （cyto c） release, caspase activation and apoptosis, and down-regulation of TRX1 expression by RNAi sensitized HepG2 cells to As2O3-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, mutation of the active site of TRX1 from Cys^32/35 to Ser^32/35 converted this molecule from an apoptotic protector to an apoptotic promoter. In an effort to understand the mechanisms of this conversion, we used isolated mitochondria from mouse liver and found that recombinant wild-type TRX1 could protect mitochondria from the apoptotic changes. In contrast, the mutant form of TRX1 alone elicited mitochondria-related apoptotic changes, including the mitochondrial permeability transition pore （mPTP） opening, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and cyto c release from mitochondria. These apoptotic effects were inhibited by cyclosporine A （CsA）, indicating that mutant TRX1 targeted to mPTP. Alteration of TRX1 from its reduced form to oxidized form in vivo by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene （DNCB）, a specific inhibitor ofTRX reductase, also sensitized HepG2 cells to As203-induced apoptosis. These data suggest that TRX1 plays a central role in regulating apoptosis by blocking cyto c release, and inactivation of TRX1 by either mutation or oxidization of the active site cysteines may sensitize tumor cells to As2O3-induced apoptosis.