Mechanism of Gegen Qinlian Decoction in Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with NAFLD Based on Network Pharmacology

[Objectives]To explore the mechanism of Gegen Qinlian Decoction in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)by analyzing the effective components of Gegen Qinlian Decoction.[Methods]TCMSP database was used to analyze the active components of Gegen Qinlian Decoction,and pubchem and Swiss ADME databases were also used to predict drug targets,extract T2DM complicated with NAFLD targets from OMIM and Genecards databases.Venny plot was drawn to obtain intersection targets,and finally Cytoscape was used to make core target maps and drug-target-disease network maps.Using DAVID and Metascape database to analyze the intersection targets,the gene ontology information of Go and KEGG was obtained.Microbial informatics technology was used to visualize GO,and Cytoscape was used to make drug-target-disease network map-enrichment pathway map.[Results]The network pharmacological analysis showed that Gegen Qinlian Decoction acted on the key targets of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,such as ALB and ALT1,through many components,and achieved the purpose of treating this disease.The chemical constituents of the drug include formononetin,5-hydroxyisomucronulatol-2,5-2-O-glucoside,cholesteryl laurate,isoliquiritigenin,etc.[Conclusions]This study provides a new idea and theoretical support for future drug research and clinical practice.

Metasurfaces for near-eye display applications

Virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)are revolutionizing our lives.Near-eye displays are crucial technologies for VR and AR.Despite the rapid advances in near-eye display technologies,there are still challenges such as large field of view,high resolution,high image quality,natural free 3D effect,and compact form factor.Great efforts have been devoted to striking a balance between visual performance and device compactness.While traditional optics are nearing their limitations in addressing these challenges,ultra-thin metasurface optics,with their high light-modulating capabilities,may present a promising solution.In this review,we first introduce VR and AR near-eye displays,and then briefly explain the working principles of light-modulating metasurfaces,review recent developments in metasurface devices geared toward near-eye display applications,delved into several advanced natural 3D near-eye display technologies based on metasurfaces,and finally discuss about the remaining challenges and future perspectives associated with metasurfaces for near-eye display applications.