Research on Grid-Connected Control Strategy of Distributed Generator Based on Improved Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control

The virtual synchronous generator(VSG)technology has been proposed to address the problem of system frequency and active power oscillation caused by grid-connected new energy power sources.However,the traditional voltage-current double-closed-loop control used in VSG has the disadvantages of poor disturbance immunity and insufficient dynamic response.In light of the issues above,a virtual synchronous generator voltage outer-loop control strategy based on improved linear autonomous disturbance rejection control(ILADRC)is put forth for consideration.Firstly,an improved first-order linear self-immunity control structure is established for the characteristics of the voltage outer loop;then,the effects of two key control parameters-observer bandwidthω_(0)and controller bandwidthω_(c)on the control system are analyzed,and the key parameters of ILADRC are optimally tuned online using improved gray wolf optimizer-radial basis function(IGWO-RBF)neural network.A simulationmodel is developed using MATLAB to simulate,analyze,and compare the method introduced in this paper.Simulations are performed with the traditional control strategy for comparison,and the results demonstrate that the proposed control method offers superior anti-interference performance.It effectively addresses power and frequency oscillation issues and enhances the stability of the VSG during grid-connected operation.

新型丹皮酚嘧啶类化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

以丹皮酚为原料,与1,4-二溴丁烷反应合成中间产物2-(4-溴丁烷氧基)-4-甲氧基苯乙酮(2);2与嘧啶类化合物反应合成了11新型个丹皮酚嘧啶类化合物(4a^4k),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和MS(ESI)表征。采用MTT法测定目标化合物对HepG2(人肝癌细胞)、MCF-7(人乳腺癌细胞)、HCT-116(人结肠癌细胞)、A549(人肺癌细胞)和LO2(人正常肝细胞)等5种细胞的抑制活性。结果表明:部分化合物表现出一定的抗肿瘤活性,其中6-(2-氟苯基)-5-氰基-4-羟基-2-丹皮酚丁巯基嘧啶(4c)以及6-甲基-4-羟基-2-丹皮酚丁巯基嘧啶(4i)对HCT-116的IC50值分别为(9.22±1.80)μg/mL、(1.32±0.71)μg/mL,优于阳性对照药顺铂。

1,8-萘酰亚胺金属离子荧光探针的合成与性能研究

以4-溴-1,8-萘酐为起始原料,通过与N-肼基吡啶发生酰化反应制得4-溴-N-氨基吡啶-1,8-萘酰亚胺(2)后,再与乙醇胺缩合得到4-羟乙基胺-N-氨基基吡啶-1,8-萘酰亚胺(3),并以荧光光谱法研究了化合物3对Cd2+、Cr3+、Cu2+、Fe3+、Sm3+、K+、La3+、Mg2+、Ba2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Ir3+、Al3+金属离子的识别作用。结果表明,随着各种金属离子的加入,化合物3的荧光光谱均发生了不同程度的猝灭现象,化合物3对Fe3+的识别作用最优,络合常数为3.91×105L/mol,表现出较好的选择性。

樟脑酸基酰腙类化合物的合成及其抑菌、除草活性研究

以樟脑酸为原料,先经过脱水反应制备樟脑酸酐,再与水合肼酰化制备N-氨基樟脑酰亚胺,然后分别与多氟取代苯甲醛、噻吩甲醛和呋喃甲醛缩合得到12个新型的樟脑酸基酰腙化合物4a^4l。利用傅里叶变换-红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(1HNMR和13CNMR)以及电喷雾-质谱(ESI-MS)等对化合物进行结构表征。抑菌活性测试表明:质量浓度50mg/L时,5-二氟苯基樟脑酸基酰腙(4i)、2-三氟甲基苯基樟脑酸基酰腙(4a)和2,3-二氟苯基樟脑酸基酰腙(4d)对苹果轮纹病菌的抑制率分别为90.6%、85.4%和82.2%。除草活性测试表明:质量浓度100mg/L时,3-三氟甲基苯基樟脑酸基酰腙(4b)、3,4-二氟苯基樟脑酸基酰腙(4h)和3-噻吩基樟脑酸基酰腙(4k)对油菜胚根的生长抑制率分别为94.7%、95.6%和80.6%。其中化合物4i综合效果最好,50mg/L时对苹果轮纹病菌的抑制率90.6%(活性级别为A级),100mg/L时对油菜胚根的生长抑制率75.6%(活性级别为B级)。

α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙化合物合成及抑菌、除草活性研究

以α-萜品烯(1)为原料,与马来酸酐反应,通过Diels-Alder环加成得到α-萜品烯马来酸酐(2),再与水合肼酰化得到中间体N-氨基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺(3),然后在冰醋酸的催化下分别与多氟取代苯甲醛发生缩合反应,合成了9个多氟α-萜品烯马来酰亚胺基酰腙4a^4i。通过傅立叶变换-红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(1H NMR和13 C NMR)以及电喷雾-质谱(ESI-MS)等多种手段对目标化合物进行结构表征。初步的抑菌活性测试表明,在质量浓度50 mg·L^-1下,化合物3-三氟甲基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙(4b),2,4-二氟-α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙(4e),2,5-二氟-α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙(4f),3,4-二氟-α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙(4h),对苹果轮纹病毒抑制率分别为93.9%,75.5%,70.1%,75.4%;除草活性测试表明:在质量浓度100 mg·L^-1,3-三氟甲基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙(4b),4-三氟甲基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙(4c)对油菜的胚根生长具有的抑制作用分别为62.2%,48.2%。综合分析,在质量浓度100 mg·L^-1下,化合物3-三氟甲基-α-萜品烯马来酰亚氨基酰腙(4b)的综合效果最好,对苹果轮纹病菌抑制率93.9%,活性级别为A级,对油菜的胚根生长的抑制率62.6%,活性级别为B级。

Aberrant cytological localization of p16 and CDK4 in colorectal epithelia in the normal adenoma carcinoma sequence

AIM： To study the correlation between the patterns of subcellular expression of p16 and CDK4 in colorectal epithelia in the normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence.METHODS： Paraffin sections of 43 cases of normal colorectal epithelia and corresponding adenomas as well as carcinomas were analysed immunocytochemically for subcellular expression of p16 and CDK4 proteins.RESULTS： Most carcinomas showed more cytoplasmic overexpression for p16 and CDK4 than the adenomas from which they arised or the adjacent normal mucosa. Most normal or non-neoplastic epithelia showed more p16 and CDK4 expression in the nucleus than their adjacent adenomas and carcinomas. There was a significant difference between the subcellular expression pattern of p16 and CDK4 in normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence epithelia （P 〈 0.001）. Neither p16 nor CDK4 subcellular patterns correlated with histological grade or Dukes＇ stage.CONCLUSION： Interaction of expression of p16 and CDK4 plays an important role in the Rb/p16 pathway.Overexpression of p16 and CDK4 in the cytoplasm, as well as loss expression of p16 in the nucleusmighlc be important in the evolution of colorectal carcinoma from adenoma and, of adenoma from normal epitheiia.

Application of the revised Tumour Node Metastasis （TNM） staging system of clear cell renal cell carcinoma in eastern China： advantages and limitations

This study was designed to evaluate whether the revised 2010 Tumour Node Metastasis （TNM） staging system could lead to a more accurate prediction of the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma （RCC） patients. A total of 1216 patients who had undergone radical nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy for RCC from 2003 to 2011 were enrolled. All of the patients had pathologically confirmed clear cell RCC （ccRCC）. All cases were staged by both the 2002 and 2010 TNM staging systems after pathological review, and survival data were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to evaluate cancer-specific survival （CSS） and progression-free survival （PFS） after surgery. Continuous variables, such as age and tumour diameter, were calculated as mean values and standard deviations （s.d.） or as median values. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test assessed differences between groups. Statistically significant differences in CSS and PFS were noted among patients in T3 subgroups using the new 2010 staging system. Therefore, the revised 2010 TNM staging system can lead to a more accurate prediction of the prognosis of ccRCC patients. However, when using the revised 2010 staging system, we found that more than 92% of patients （288/313） with T3 tumours were staged in the T3a subgroup, and their survival data were not significantly different from those of patients with T2b tumours. In addition, T2 subclassification failed to independently predict survival in RCC patients.

Bismuth doped lead-free two-dimensional tin based halide perovskite single crystals

Heterovalent-metal doping is an efficient tool to tune the optoelectronic properties of the famous halide perovskites.Previous studies have focused on the heterovalent-doping in three-dimensional(3D) halide perovskites.However, there is a lack of such doping in two-dimensional perovskites which possess unique optoelectronic properties and improved chemical stability as compared to 3D analogues.Here, we present successful doping of Bismuth into the lattice of lead-free, two-dimensional perovskite PEA2SnBr4 single crystals.Structural characterizations demonstrate that the doped crystals possess identical crystal structure and layered morphology with the pristine one.Intriguingly, we find the PL peak and spectral shape can be tailored by tuning the concentration of Bi dopants.Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy is performed to understand the underlying mechanism related to tunable PL behaviors, and a clear picture of the Bismuth-doping impact is provided.

Imaging internal density structure of the Laoheishan volcanic cone with cosmic ray muon radiography

Muon radiography is a promising technique for imaging the internal density structures of targets such as tunnels,pyramids,and volcanoes up to a scale of a few hundred meters by measuring the flux attenuation of cosmic ray muons after they have traveled through these targets.In this study,we conducted experimental muon radiography of one of the volcanoes in the Wudalianchi area in Northeast China to image its internal density structure.The muon detector used in this study was composed of plastic scintillators and silicon photomultipliers.After approximately one and a half months of observing the crater and conduit of the Laoheishan volcano cone in Wudalianchi from September 23^(rd) to November 10^(th) 2019,more than 3 million muon tracks fulfilling the data selection criteria were collected.Based on the muon samples and high-resolution topography obtained through aerial photogrammetry using an unmanned aerial vehicle,a density image of the Laoheishan volcano cone was constructed.The results obtained in this experiment demonstrate the feasibility of using a radiography technique based on plastic scintillator detectors.To obtain the density distribution,we performed a detailed background analysis and found that low-energy charged particles dominated the background noise.Relatively higher densities were found near the surface of the volcanic cone,whereas relatively lower densities were found near the center of the volcanic cone.The experiment in this study is the first volcano muon tomography study performed in China.Our work provides an important reference for future research.

Efficient CO_(2)Reduction to Formate on CsPbI_(3) Nanocrystals Wrapped with Reduced Graphene Oxide

Transformation of greenhouse gas(CO_(2))into valuable chemicals and fuels is a promising route to address the global issues of climate change and the energy crisis.Metal halide perovskite catalysts have shown their potential in promoting CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),however,their low phase stability has limited their application perspective.Herein,we present a reduced graphene oxide(rGO)wrapped CsPbI_3 perovskite nanocrystal(NC)CO_(2)RR catalyst(CsPbI_3/rGO),demonstrating enhanced stability in the aqueous electrolyte.The CsPbI_3/rGO catalyst exhibited>92%Faradaic efficiency toward formate production at a CO_(2)RR current density of~12.7 mA cm^(-2).Comprehensive characterizations revealed the superior performance of the CsPbI_3/rGO catalyst originated from the synergistic effects between the CsPbI_3 NCs and rGO,i.e.,rGO stabilized theα-CsPbI_3 phase and tuned the charge distribution,thus lowered the energy barrier for the protonation process and the formation of~*HCOO intermediate,which resulted in high CO_(2)RR selectivity toward formate.This work shows a promising strategy to rationally design robust metal halide perovskites for achieving efficient CO_(2)RR toward valuable fuels.

A Theoretical Investigation of Gas Phase OH-Initiated Acenaphthylene Degradation Reaction

The mechanisms for OH-initiated acenaphthylene degradation reactions are investigated theoretically by using the density function theory method at M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level in the present paper. There are two possible reaction pathways for the degradation processes have been predicted: the hydrogen abstraction pathway and the hydroxyl addition elimination pathway. Additionally, the formation mechanism for a series of the products such as epoxide, naphthalene-1,8-dicarbaldehyde, dialdehydes, 1-acenaphthenone and nitroacenaphthylene are discussed in detail as well. From the analyses of the decomposition of OH-acenaphthylene adducts, it is found that the favorable reaction with O2/NO is to form the acenaphthenone rather than epoxide, and the most stable isomer is acenaphthenone react from the C1-site reaction. The advantage reaction pathway with NO2 is to form nitroacenaphthylene and nitroacenaphthylenol from C1-site, too.

Traditional Chinese medicine as monotherapy or combined with oseltamivir in the treatment of H1N1 influenza:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine,alone or in combination with oseltamivir,in patients with H1N1 Influenza.Methods In the present study,we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,PUBMED,EMBASE,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,and WanFang Data for studies published in or before February 8,2022.Data were extracted and checked by two investigators.Review Manager 5.4 and STATA statistical software 16.0 were used for the data analysis.Results We identified 22 individual studies reporting data from 2292 individuals with H1N1 influenza.Compared with oseltamivir,the fever clearance duration[MD=-3.99,95%CI(-6.89,-1.09)]and sore throat relief time[MD=-5.39,95%CI(-10.19,-0.59)]in the intervention group of traditional Chinese medicine monotherapy or combined with oseltamivir were shorter.Maxingshigan was the primary component of Lianhuaqingwen.The subgroup analyses indicated that Maxingshigan shortened fever clearance time[MD=-3.23,95%CI(-5.60,-0.85)],and also had certain advantages in relieving sore throat[RR=-4.55,95%CI(-10.04,0.95)].However,as for the effective rate,fever duration,cough disappearance time,hospital length of stay,clinical symptoms time as well as viral shedding duration,there were no significant differences between the two groups.Besides,no serious adverse effects were reported in the included studies.Conclusion Although we couldn’t get a definitive conclusion due to the small sample sizes and high risk of bias in the included studies,most traditional Chinese medicine showed similar effects to oseltamivir in treating H1N1 influenza.Some were showed to have a statistically significant shorter time of fever clearance and sore throat remission when they were used alone or in combination with oseltamivir and were well-tolerated treatment,such as Maxingshigan.

Aikang tablets inhibit growth of human lung cancer xenografts in mice

Background:Chinese medicines have shown some advantages in preventing and controlling tumors.Tumor-associated macrophages and the immune factors of the tumor microenvironment all exist in the tumor microenvironment and play important role in the development and prognosis of tumors.Thus,targeting tumor-associated macrophages and immune factors to prevent and treat tumors has become a hotspot in the field of antitumor research of the traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:The inhibition of Chinese patent drug Aikang tablets to the growth of lung cancer was evaluated by calculating the relative tumor volume and relative tumor growth rate using the mouse model of human lung cancer xenograft.The effect of Aikang tablets on the tumor microenvironment was studied through the detection of the immune factors in the tumor microenvironment and serum with high-throughput liquid protein chip detection.Tumor-associated macrophages,M1,M2,and M2/M1 were examined histologically and analyzed immunohistochemically.Results:In this study,2.8 and 1.4 g/kg/day Aikang tablets could significantly inhibit the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma(P<0.05).Moreover,2.8,1.4,and 0.7 g/kg/day Aikang tablets significantly downregulated the MCP-3,MIP-2,and IL-2 serum content(P<0.05);1.4 and 0.7 g/kg/day Aikang tablets significantly downregulated the MCP-1 serum content(P<0.05),1.4 g/kg/day Aikang tablets significantly downregulated the MIP-1αserum content(P<0.05).Simultaneously,2.8 g/kg/day Aikang tablets significantly downregulated the MIP-1βcontent in the tumor microenvironment(P<0.01);1.4 g/kg/day Aikang tablets significantly downregulated regulated upon activation,normal T Cell expressed and presumably secreted content in the tumor microenvironment(P<0.01);and 0.7 g/kg/day Aikang tablets significantly downregulated the MCP-1 and MCP-3 contents in tumor microenvironment(P<0.01).The results also showed that 2.8 and 1.4 g/kg/day Aikang tablets significantly increased the number of the M1 subtypes(P<0.05)and decreased the ratio of M2/M1(P<0.01).Conclusions:The results showed that Aikang tablets could inhibit the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma xenograft in mice but not squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma.Moreover,the mechanism should be related to increasing the number of tumor-associated macrophage subtype M1,decreasing the proportion of tumor-associated macrophage subtypes(M2/M1),and decreasing the level of immune factors in serum and tumor microenvironment.

Effect of xiaoer feire kechuan oral solution on extrapulmonary injury induced by mycoplasma pneumoniae in infant wistar rats

Objective To observe the effect of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution on the extrapulmonary injury induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in infant Wistar rats. Methods Infant Wistar rats were infected intranasally with M. pneumoniae once a day for four days. In the treatment groups, Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution was administered daily for four days beginning from the day of infection. On day 5, blood of the rats was collected, and blood routine and biochemistry indexes were measured. All rats were sacrificed, and the weight of brain, heart, liver, and kidney was measured to calculate the organ indexes. The GM1 and GALC-Ab content in brain tissue was determined by ELISA. Pathological changes in the brain, heart, liver, kidney, and cerebellum were observed by HE staining. Results Blood routine indexes fluctuated within the normal range in the infection control group and in three of the Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups. The serum LDH, CK, and CRE in all three Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups were distinctly lower than those in the infection control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Rat brain index and GALC-Ab content in the brain tissue showed an increase in infection control group. In the Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups, the GALC-Ab content in brain tissue was decreased significantly. The heart, liver, and kidney tissues showed mild pathological changes in the infection group, which were reversed by Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution treatment. Conclusions The extrapulmonary injury induced by M. pneumoniae in infant Wistar rats was significantly inhibited by Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution.

Size effect of lead-free halide double perovskite on luminescence property

Lead-free halide double perovskites have gathered wide scientific interest since they are environmentally friendly and stable.However,compared to the lead perovskites,their optoelectronic properties are compromised.Herein we report a series of bulk lead-free mixed Bi-In halide double perovskites:Cs2AgBi1-xInxCl6(0<x<1).The Cs2AgBi0.125In0.875Cl6breaks the parity-forbidden transition and retains direct band gap structure,having warm-white light emission,with photoluminescence quantum efficiency(PLQE)of 70.3%,much higher than the PLQE of reported lead perovskite materials.Its exciton self-trapping dynamics is investigated.Meanwhile,the Cs2AgBi0.125In0.875Cl6nanocrystals and Cs2AgBi0.125In0.875Cl6microcrystals can be synthesized by modified hot injection and rapid cooling crystallization,respectively.The size effect of Cs2AgBi0.125In0.875Cl6is studied on the photoluminescence(PL)property.Additionally,the bulk material exhibits excellent stability on exposure to light,humidity and air for more than 3 months.It is a promising candidate as highly efficient warm white-light emitting material for road lighting.

用引物介导的原位标记方法检测脑胶质瘤染色体畸变

用引物介导的原位标记方法检测脑胶质瘤染色体畸变赵波Ｘｉｎ Ｍａｏ王德文用引物介导的原位标记方法检测脑胶质瘤染色体畸变@赵波@Ｘｉｎ Ｍａｏ@王德文...

Engineering active Ni-doped Co_(2)P catalyst for efficient electrooxidation coupled with hydrogen evolution

The thermodynamically favorable electrocatalytic oxidation coupled with hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is considered as a sustainable and promising technique.Nonetheless,it remains a great challenge due to the lack of simple,cheap,highefficient electrocatalysts.Here,we successfully develop a simple and scalable electro-deposition and subsequent phosphorization route to fabricate Ni-doped Co_(2)P(Ni-Co_(2)P)nanosheets catalyst using the in-situ released Ni species from defective Ni foam as metal source.Impressively,the as-synthesized Ni-Co_(2)P catalyst exhibits excellent electrochemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation reaction(HOR)performance with>99%2,5-furandicarboxylic acid yield and>97%Faradaic efficiency at an ultralow potential of 1.29 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).Experimental characterization and theoretical calculation reveal that the atomically doped Ni species can enhance the adsorption of reactant and thus lower the reaction energy barriers.By coupling the electrocatalytic HOR with HER,the employed two-electrode system using Ni-Co_(2)P and commercial Ni foam as anode and cathode,respectively,exhibits a low cell voltage of 1.53 V to drive a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2),which is 90 mV lower than that of pure water splitting.This work provides a facile and efficient approach for the preparation of high-performance earth-abundant electrocatalysts toward the concurrent production of H_(2)and value-added chemicals.

Flower-like Au/Ag/TiO2 nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic efficiency under visible light irradiation

Uniform flower-like TiO2 coated Au nanostars and core-shell Au@Ag nanostars with different amounts of Ag coating were prepared through a facile method by hydrolysis of TiF4 under an acidic environment. The photocatalytic capability of these flower-like nanocomposites under visible light irradiation was found to be enhanced by up to 4.7-fold compared to commercial P25 TiO2 nanoparticles. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was ascribed to improved light absorption and hot electron inj ection from the photo-excited Au@Ag core to the TiO2 shell.

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p→νK^(+)searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(JUNO)is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics.In this study,the potential of searching for proton decay in the p→νK^(+)mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification.Moreover,the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals.Based on these advantages,the detection efficiency for the proton decay via p→νK^(+)is 36.9%±4.9%with a background level of 0.2±0.05(syst)±0.2(stat)events after 10 years of data collection.The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is 9.6×1033 years,which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies.

Ultraviolet phosphorescent carbon nanodots

Phosphorescent carbon nanodots(CNDs)have generated enormous interest recently,and the CND phosphorescence is usually located in the visible region,while ultraviolet(UV)phosphorescent CNDs have not been reported thus far.Herein,the UV phosphorescence of CNDs was achieved by decreasing conjugation size and in-situ spatial confinement in a NaCNO crystal.The electron transition from the P_(x) to the sp^(2) orbit of the N atoms within the CNDs can generate one-unit orbital angular momentum,providing a driving force for the triplet excitons population of the CNDs.The confinement caused by the NaCNO crystal reduces the energy dissipation paths of the generated triplet excitons.By further tailoring the size of the CNDs,the phosphorescence wavelength can be tuned to 348 nm,and the room temperature lifetime of the CNDs can reach 15.8 ms.As a demonstration,the UV phosphorescent CNDs were used for inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria through the emission of their high-energy photons over a long duration,and the resulting antibacterial efficiency reached over 99.9%.This work provides a rational design strategy for UV phosphorescent CNDs and demonstrates their novel antibacterial applications.