Fecal microbiota transplantation:whole grain highland barley improves glucose metabolism by changing gut microbiota

Highland barley(HB)is a high-altitude cereal with rich nutritional components and potential health benefits.To clarify its hypoglycemic effect and mechanism,we investigated the effect of whole grain HB and fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet and streptozotocin(HFD/STZ)-induced diabetic mice.The results showed that HB(40%)significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and the area under the glucose tolerance curve,significantly increased insulin secretion and improved insulin resistance in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice(P<0.05).Inflammatory factors and blood lipid indices were also significantly alleviated after 12 weeks of 40%HB intervention(P<0.05).Additionally,beneficial bacteria,such as Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia,were significantly enriched in the gut of diabetic mice after whole grain HB intervention.Meanwhile,the results of further FMT experiments verified that the fecal microbiota after the 40%HB intervention not only significantly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia but also effectively improved glucose metabolism and alleviated the inflammatory state in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice.Collectively,our study confirmed the bridge role of gut microbiota in improving glucose metabolism of whole grain HB,which could promote the development of precision nutrition.

自体富血小板血浆联合臭氧治疗军事训练所致踝关节创伤性关节炎的效果及对骨代谢指标的影响

目的探讨自体富血小板血浆(PRP)联合臭氧治疗军事训练所致踝关节创伤性关节炎的效果及对骨代谢指标的影响。方法选取2019年3月至2022年4月收治的92例踝关节创伤性关节炎患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各46例。对照组采用臭氧治疗,观察组在对照组基础上增加PRP治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗后,观察组的美国骨科医师学会(AAOS)足踝量表、美国骨科足踝外协会(AOFAS)踝-后足评分均高于对照组,视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的骨钙素(BGP)水平高于对照组,总Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽(TPⅠNP)、抗酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论PRP联合臭氧治疗军事训练所致踝关节创伤性关节炎的效果显著,可调节骨代谢指标,抑制炎症反应。

Germanium-Carbdiyne: A 3D Well-Defined sp-Hybridized Carbon-Based Material with Superhigh Li Storage Property

Carbyne delivers various excellent properties for the existence of the larger number of sp-hybridized carbon atoms.Here,a 3D well-defined porous carbon material germanium-carbdiyne(Ge-CDY)which is comprised of only sp-hybridized carbon atoms bridging by Ge atoms has been developed and investigated.The unique diamond-like structure constructed by linear butadiyne bonds and sp 3-hybridized Ge atoms ensures the stability of Ge-CDY.The large percentage of conjugated alkyne bonds composed of sp-C guarantees the good conductivity and the low band gap,which were further confirmed experimentally and theoretically,endowing Ge-CDY with the potential in electrochemical applications.The well-defined 3D carbon skeleton of Ge-CDY provides abundant uniform nanopores,which is suitable for metal ions storage and diffusion.Further half-cell evaluation also demonstrated Ge-CDY exhibited an excellent performance in lithium storage.All those indicating sp-hybridized carbon-based materials can exhibit great potential to possess excellent properties and be applied in the field of energy,electronic,and so on.

New algorithm of shape-finding of suspension bridge with spatial cables

A new algorithm is proposed to solve the problems of shape-finding of suspension bridge with spatial cables what include tedious iteration,slow convergence speed and even no convergent under some circumstances.In this paper,the stress analysis of the main cable is carried out,and the relationship between the slope change and the coordinate change is found.This paper also discussed how to find the minimum slope point of symmetrical or asymmetric main cable,and the deformation compatibility equation is established and solved to obtain the shape of main cable.The algorithm in this paper can ensure the convergence of the solution for the suspension bridge with spatial cables.The calculation accuracy is high through the demonstration of the calculation examples.

Observations and interpretations of geomorphologic features in the Tianwen-1 landing area on Mars by using orbital imagery data

China’s first Mars exploration mission,Tianwen-1,successfully landed in southern Utopia Planitia on Mars on May 15,2021.This work presents a detailed investigation of the geologic context of the landing area surface for this mission based on orbital remotesensing data.We constructed a geomorphologic map for the Tianwen-1 landing area.Results of our detailed geomorphologic map show several major landforms within the landing area,including rampart craters,mesas,troughs,cones,and ridges.Analysis of materials on the landing area surface indicates that most of the landing area is covered by Martian dust.Transverse aeolian ridges are widely distributed within the landing area,indicating the surface contexts were(and still are)modified by regional winds.In addition,a crater counting analysis indicates the landing area has an absolute model age of~3.3 Ga and that a later resurfacing event occurred at~1.6 Ga.Finally,we outline four formational scenarios to test the formation mechanisms for the geomorphologic features on the landing area surface.The most likely interpretation to explain the existence of the observed surface features can be summarized as follows:A thermal influence may have played an important role in the formation of the surface geomorphologic features;thus,igneous-related processes may have occurred in the landing area.Water ice may also have been involved in the construction of the primordial surface configuration.Subsequent resurfacing events and aeolian processes buried and modified the primordial surface.

Detection Capability Evaluation of Lunar Mineralogical Spectrometer:Results from Ground Experimental Data

The Chang’E-6 mission will first land on the far side of the moon and bring lunar samples back.As a hyperspectral imager aboard the Chang’E-6 lander,the Lunar Mineralogical Spectrometer(LMS),will achieve the goal of spectral detection and mineral composition analysis in the sampling area,and the data of LMS will also be compared with the results of the returned sample laboratory measurements.Visible and near-infrared hyperspectral remote sensing is an effective tool for lunar minerals identification and quantification.The ground validation experiment can be used to evaluate the detection ability of the LMS.According to the modal abundances of lunar minerals and glasses of APOLLO samples,binary mixed samples,ternary mixed samples,and seven-membered mixed samples were prepared.The samples were ground and stirred homogeneous to about 200 mesh(median particle size about 75μm),to simulate the soil state of the lunar surface.Under the laboratory ambient condition,the 480–3200 nm spectral data of the samples were acquired using the Engineering Qualification Model(EQM)of Chang’E-5 LMS,the performance of which is consistent with the flight model of Chang’E-6 LMS.By fitting the mixed samples’spectral data of the EQM using the Modified Gaussian Methods,the following conclusions can be drawn:The subtle spectral changes of mixed samples can be detected.The modal abundance of low-Ca pyroxene,high-Ca pyroxene,and plagioclase can be derived based on the spectral parameters such as absorption position,depth or width of the mixed samples,and the correlation coefficients R2are better than 82%,indicating that the LMS has good quantitative detection capability.

Octylamine-Supporting Interlayer Expanded Molybdenum Diselenide as a High-Power Cathode for Rechargeable Mg Batteries

Rechargeable Mg batteries(RMBs)are a promising large-scale energy-storage technology with low cost and high safety,but the performance is limited by the inferior kinetics of Mg-intercalation cathodes.In the present study,an octylamine-supporting interlayer expanded molybdenum diselenide(e-MoSe_(2))is synthesized and used as cathode for RMBs,in comparison with ordinary crystalline MoSe_(2).The octylamine molecules introduced show a strong interaction with the MoSe_(2)layers and increase the layer spacing significantly from 6.46 to 11.5Å.e-MoSe_(2)shows a high Mg-storage capacity of 238 mAh g^(-1)at 50 mA g^(-1)and a superior rate performance of 39 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g1,far advantageous over crystalline MoSe_(2).e-MoSe_(2)also shows a considerably high structure stability during repeated magnesiation/demagnesiation,providing an outstanding cycling stability for 1000 cycles.Further electrochemical tests demonstrate the high Mg^(2+)diffusion coefficients in e-MoSe_(2).Theoretical computation indicates the interlayer expansion changes the Mg^(2+)diffusion paths from"hollow site→hollow site"to"hollow site→Se atom site→hollow site",largely decreasing the energy barrier and improving the Mg^(2+)diffusion kinetics.The present work highlights an efficient strategy for the improvement of Mg-storage performance for RMB cathodes.

CFRP网格修复后多层砌体结构墙体的抗震性能

为了研究碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)网格加固砌体结构的破坏机理及加固效果,通过拟静力试验将一片3层砌体开洞墙体加载至破坏,在破坏集中区域单面粘贴CFRP网格进行加固之后再次进行拟静力试验,以最小加固量为指标对加固前后墙体的抗震性能进行了对比分析,并提出了相应的加固建议.研究结果表明:采用CFRP网格修复可以有效地阻止和延缓墙体受剪斜裂缝的出现及开展,从而提升了墙体的抗震性能,若以抗剪承载力完全恢复为指标,建议最小修复面积为22%;修复后墙体的破坏模式与修复位置相关,本试验以CFRP网格剥离及窗间墙破坏为主,破坏由低至高逐层发生,同层墙肢范围内,由未修复区向修复区发展;考虑窗间墙破坏易引起结构整体破坏和倒塌,因此应优先修复剪力较大层的窗间墙区域,并提供必要的加强措施.

多层砌体结构窗下墙破坏模式试验研究

为验证多层砌体结构开洞墙体窗下墙破坏模式震害现象,设计缩尺比例为1:3的三层三跨砌体结构开洞墙体试件,对其进行拟静力低周往复加载试验。分析多层砌体墙体窗下墙破坏模式的破坏特征,研究整体墙及各层墙体的滞回特性、骨架曲线、刚度退化规律、耗能特性、延性与变形特征等抗震性能。试验结果表明:发生窗下墙破坏模式的开洞墙体破坏过程分为裂缝出现、变形发展与强度退化三个阶段;窗下墙作为第一道抗震防线可提前参与整体结构耗能、降低墙体刚度退化速率、增加整体墙的延性和变形能力,其破坏模式相对窗间墙破坏模式更为合理。研究结果揭示了发生窗下墙破坏模式墙体的抗震性能与变形特征,为实现砌体结构合理破坏机制提供依据。

底层窗间墙破坏模式砌体抗震性能试验研究

为研究整体开洞墙体中发生底层窗间墙破坏模式时墙体的抗震性能,对一砌体结构缩尺开洞墙体模型展开多点同步加载拟静力试验。分析了各层墙体与整片墙的破坏特征、承载与变形能力、滞回耗能特性、刚度退化规律及延性表现,重点研究了底层窗间墙位于整体结构中时其破坏过程与变形规律。试验结果表明:破坏模式相同的开洞墙体较单独墙肢抗震性能有所不同,各工况加载峰值点的上升与下降过程更为缓慢、滞回曲线更为饱满、刚度退化过程更为缓和以及延性特征更为明显。基于底层窗间墙破坏模式,依据现行规范中开洞墙体承载力计算方法所得结果与试验结果吻合,但强弱构件失效机制无从体现。试验结果可为探求砌体结构合理设计方法与实现开洞墙体延性破坏模式提供依据。

钢丝网灌浆(SRG)加固受损多层砌体墙体抗震性能试验研究

应用钢丝网灌浆加固技术(SRG)修复村镇砌体结构具有施工简单、造价低廉以及性能优越等优点。先对一多层砌体结构开洞墙体模型进行抗震性能拟静力试验,后采用SRG技术加固受损墙体再次进行同条件试验。对比分析了加固前后墙体的破坏现象、滞回性能、刚度退化规律、耗能特性、延性与变形特征等抗震性能。试验结果表明:采用SRG技术加固受损砌体结构的破坏模式更为合理,墙体承载力、变形性能及耗能特性亦可显著提升。研究结果揭示了SRG技术加固受损砌体结构的实效性,为其在村镇建筑加固领域的应用提供技术支持。

砌体剪压复合强度的试验研究

为避免现有砌体结构剪压复合作用下较为繁琐的双向控制强度测试模式,采用一种以单向加载替代传统双向加载的改进试验装置,借助试件角度旋转获取了不同应力比下砌体剪切滑移破坏、受拉破坏、受压破坏3种破坏形态;通过数值分析对试验现象进行对比验证,揭示了不同剪压复合应力状态下砌体抗剪强度的破坏规律;以0.2和0.6为界限采用三段式剪压相关曲线构建出不同应力条件下剪压复合强度破坏准则,以0.2为界限提出了砌体剪压复合受力状态下材料应力应变关系.结果表明:改进试验方法简捷高效误差小,理论计算与试验结果之比的均值为1.07,变异系数为0.180;试验结果丰富了砌体材料本构关系,可为砌体结构破坏准则的完善与数值分析模型的构建提供理论依据.

震后严重破损砌体窗间墙快速修复方法

为解决强震后严重受损砌体窗间墙难以快速修复问题,提出一种承压抗剪型金属阻尼器替代墙肢的修复方法。根据窗间墙受损特征,数值建模设计与其受力特性吻合的阻尼器,选取多层砌体墙受损模型分别进行修复前后的拟静力对比试验,分析两模型的破坏特征、滞回特性、刚度退化规律、耗能与变形特征等抗震性能。研究结果表明:承压抗剪型阻尼器替换修复技术可快速改善砌体的抗震性能,增强结构的变形能力,是满足震后受损砌体结构功能迅速恢复的一种简捷修复方法,为消能减震技术在砌体结构中的应用提供借鉴。

装配灌浆模板砌块设计及砌筑工法

为响应"十四五"推进大宗固废资源综合利用绿色发展的号召,从装配、施工、模板形式、材料及运输吊装等角度设计了一种装配灌浆模板砌块,并介绍了其现场装配的具体工艺。该模板砌块体系致力于去圈梁构造柱、免支模、免抹灰、弱人工、强装配、简化施工工艺、固废利用并集保温隔热于一体,打造新型现场装配砌体结构,为现代化乡镇建设提供一种新思路。

Radioprotective effects of cimetidine on rats irradiated by long-term, low-dose-rate neutrons and ^(60)Coγ-rays

Background: Cimetidine, an antagonist of histamine type II receptors, has shown protective effects against γ-rays or neutrons. However, there have been no reports on the effects of cimetidine against neutrons combined with γ-rays. This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of cimetidine on rats exposed to long-term, low-dose-rate neutron and γ-ray combined irradiation(n-γ LDR).Methods: Fifty male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the normal control group, radiation model group, 20mg/(kg·d) cimetidine group, 80mg/(kg·d) cimetidine group and 160mg/(kg·d) cimetidine group(10 rats per group). Except for the normal control group, 40 rats were simultaneously exposed to fission neutrons(^(252)Cf, 0.085 m Gy/h) for 22 h every day and γ-rays(^(60)Co, 0.097Gy/h) for 1.03 h once every three days, and the cimetidine groups were administered intragastrically with cimetidine at doses of 20, 80 and 160mg/kg each day. Peripheral blood WBC of the rats was counted the day following exposure to γ-rays. The rats were anesthetized and sacrificed on the day following exposure to ^(252)Cf for 28 days. The spleen, thymus, testicle, liver and intestinal tract indexes were evaluated. The DNA content of bone marrow cells and concanavalin A(Con A)-induced lymphocyte proliferation were measured. The frequency of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes(f MNPCEs), superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA), and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in the serum and liver tissues were detected.Results: The peripheral blood WBC in the cimetidine groups was increased significantly on the 8th day and the 26 th day compared with those in the radiation model group. The spleen, thymus and testicle indexes of the cimetidine groups were higher than those of the radiation model group. The DNA content of bone marrow cells and lymphocyte proliferation in the cimetidine groups were increased significantly, and fMNPCE was reduced 1.41-1.77 fold in cimetidine treated groups. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the cimetidine groups were increased significantly, and the content of MDA in the cimetidine groups was decreased significantly.Conclusions: The results suggested that cimetidine alleviated damage induced by long-term, low-dose-rate neutron and γ combined irradiation via antioxidation and immunomodulation. Cimetidine might be useful as a potent radioprotector for radiotherapy patients as well as for occupational exposure workers.

High-performance phosphate supported on HZSM-5 catalyst for dehydration of glycerol to acrolein

The purpose of this study is to increase acrolein yield and capability of coking resistance in the reaction of glycerol dehydration to acrolein by assembling metal phosphate supported on HZSM-5 catalyst. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, BET, NH_3-TPD, CO_2-TPD and Py-IR techniques. It was found that metal phosphate species were incorporated into the porous structure of HZSM-5 zeolites, thus influencing the surface and textural physico-chemical properties of the supporters. The alkaline-treated HZSM-5 catalyst promoted the dispersion of phosphate species on the carriers. Moreover, the amount of strong acidity was tremendously improved by adding the different metal hydrophosphates and the catalysts show high catalytic activity. In this present work, the Sn1/4 H_2PO_4/HZSM-5 catalyst exhibited good performance in the catalytic activity and coking resistant ability, which resulted in a high acrolein yield of 83% initially and acrolein yield of 68% after 30 h. The acidity, especially the ratio of strong to weak acid, plays an important role in promoting acrolein yield and stability simultaneously.

Gravitational Deformation Measurement Method for the Main Reflector and Sub-reflector of the 70 m Antenna by Laser Scanner

Large antennas play an important role in deep space exploration and astronomical research. However, their performances are inevitably affected by the main reflector surface deformation and sub-reflector displacement resulting from the factors of wind, temperature, and gravity, among which the effect of gravity is especially pronounced. In this work, a three-dimensional laser scanner was employed to measure the main reflector and subreflector gravitational deformation of the Tianjin 70 m antenna at different elevation angles. Here, we solved the antenna main reflector deformation and sub-reflector displacement, and analyzed the deformation law of the antenna under the action of gravity. A new measurement method of antenna main reflector deformation and subreflector displacement is realized by mutual verification of the measured results and theoretical simulations. This method will help to improve the antenna performance and provide a reference to optimize the design of largeaperture antennas.

自体富血小板血浆治疗膝骨关节炎的临床效果

目的探索自体富血小板血浆治疗膝骨关节炎的临床效果。方法选择80例膝骨关节炎患者为研究对象,根据单双号随机将其分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组采用关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠法治疗,观察组采用自体富血小板血浆治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗12周后,观察组的Lysholm评分、膝关节活动度优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗2、12周后,观察组的VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗12周后,观察组的SP、5-HT、PGE2、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论自体富血小板血浆治疗膝骨关节炎患者的效果显著。

Foxtail millet supplementation improves glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes

Foxtail millet(FM)whole grain has received special attention in recent years.To confirm the hypoglycemic effects of FM,we investigated the effects of FM supplementation on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin(HFD/STZ)-induced diabetes.Specifically,we fully assessed the blood biochemical profiles,pancreatic histopathology,insulin-glucagon immunofluorescence,short-chain fatty acids,and gut microbiota composition of rats with HFD/STZ-induced diabetes before and after FM supplementation.Results showed that both 30% and 48% FM supplementation significantly decreased concentrations of fasting blood glucose,60-min blood glucose,and blood triglycerides(P<0.05);additionally,48% FM supplementation significantly improved blood glucose tolerance and insulin resistance(P<0.05).However,FM supplementation could not effectively repair damage to β-cells over a short period of time.In addition,4 weeks of 48% FM supplementation siginificantly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and concentration of butyrate,suggesting that the hypoglycemic effects of FM supplementation might be partially mediated by gut microbiota.Collectively,we found a dose-dependent relationship between FM supplementation and improvement of blood glucose metabolism,but did not find a synergistic effect between FM supplementation and metformin(Met)treatment.Our findings provide further support that consuming more whole-grain FM might be beneficial to individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes.

Analysis of the geomorphology surrounding the Chang'e-3 landing site

Chang＇e-3 （CE-3） landed on the Mare Imbrium basin in the east part of Sinus Iridum （19.51°W, 44.12°N）, which was China＇s first soft landing on the Moon and it started collecting data on the lunar surface environment. To better understand the environment of this region, this paper utilizes the available high-resolution topography data, image data and geological data to carry out a detailed analysis and research on the area surrounding the landing site （Sinus Iridum and 45 km×70 km of the landing area） as well as on the topography, landform, geology and lunar dust of the area surrounding the landing site. A general topographic analysis of the surrounding area is based on a digital elevation model and digital elevation model data acquired by Chang＇e-2 that have high resolution; the geology analysis is based on lunar geological data published by USGS; the study on topographic factors and distribution of craters and rocks in the surrounding area covering 4km^4km or even smaller is based on images from the CE-3 landing camera and images from the topographic camera; an analysis is done of the effect of the CE-3 engine plume on the lunar surface by comparing images before and after the landing using data from the landing camera. A comprehensive analysis of the results shows that the landing site and its surrounding area are identified as typical lunar mare with flat topography. They are suitable for maneuvers by the rover, and are rich in geological phenomena and scientific targets, making it an ideal site for exploration.