Kangfuxin solution alleviates esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection:A natural ingredient strategy

BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture ranks among the most significant complications following endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Excessive fibrotic repair is a typical pathological feature leading to stenosis after ESD.AIM To examine the effectiveness and underlying mechanism of Kangfuxin solution(KFX)in mitigating excessive fibrotic repair of the esophagus post-ESD.METHODS Pigs received KFX at 0.74 mL/kg/d for 21 days after esophageal full circumferential ESD.Endoscopic examinations occurred on days 7 and 21 post-ESD.In vitro,recombinant transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1(5 ng/mL)induced a fibrotic microenvironment in primary esophageal fibroblasts(pEsF).After 24 hours of KFX treatment(at 1.5%,1%,and 0.5%),expression ofα-smooth muscle actin-2(ACTA2),fibronectin(FN),and type collagen I was assessed.Profibrotic signaling was analyzed,including TGF-β1,Smad2/3,and phosphor-smad2/3(p-Smad2/3).RESULTS Compared to the Control group,the groups treated with KFX and prednisolone exhibited reduced esophageal stenosis,lower weight loss rates,and improved food tolerance 21 d after ESD.After treatment,Masson staining revealed thinner and less dense collagen fibers in the submucosal layer.Additionally,the expression of fibrotic effector molecules was notably inhibited.Mechanistically,KFX downregulated the transduction levels of fibrotic functional molecules such as TGF-β1,Smad2/3,and p-Smad2/3.In vitro,pEsF exposed to TGF-β1-induced fibrotic microenvironment displayed increased fibrotic activity,which was reversed by KFX treatment,leading to reduced activation of ACTA2,FN,and collagen I.The 1.5%KFX treatment group showed decreased expression of p-Smad 2/3 in TGF-β1-activated pEsF.CONCLUSION KFX showed promise as a therapeutic option for post-full circumferential esophageal ESD strictures,potentially by suppressing fibroblast fibrotic activity through modulation of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.

Eosinophilia and clonorchiasis presenting as fever of unknown origin in adult patients

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is recognized as fever with uncertain diagnosis despite three days of hospital admission or three or more outpatient visits.[1] Acute liver fluke infection is characterized by fever, right upper quadrant pain, hepatomegaly, jaundice, and peripheral bloodeosinophilia.Bycontrast,chronicliverfluke infection is asymptomatic in its early stage, but can easily progress to cirrhosis, cancer, or bile duct cancer initslaterstages. Thediagnosisofclonorchiasisis particularly challenging in non-endemic areas. We herein report an unusual case of liver fl uke infection in a patient who presented with FUO and eosinophilia.A 38-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with a history of intermittent and recurrent fever for over 10 d and a history of sudden abdominal pain for1 h. He had no other medical history. More than 10d ago, he visited our emergency department because of FUO, with his body temperature reaching 39.7°C,and he had no other symptoms at that time. Laboratory and radiological examinations revealed:white blood cell(WBC) counts, 10.9×109/L;neutrophil percentage, 84.5%;eosinophil percentage, 3.1%;C-reactive protein (CRP),141 mg/L;liver and kidney function, normal;influenza virus, negative;urine and stool tests, normal;and chest computed tomography (CT) fi ndings, normal. The fever subsided after 1 week of anti-infective treatment with moxifloxacin. Subsequent tests revealed the following results:WBC, 15.0×109/L;neutrophil percentage, 70.0%;eosinophil percentage, 16.8%;and CRP, 122 mg/L. The antimicrobial treatment was then discontinued.

基于非靶向代谢组学探索辐射诱导的小鼠肺上皮细胞代谢改变

背景与目的代谢变化是放射性肺炎的重要特征之一。放疗作为胸部肿瘤治疗的常规手段,在有效杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时也会引发局部炎症和纤维化等不良反应,进而导致治疗效果受限,严重影响患者生活质量。因此,深入探讨放疗引起的代谢改变具有重要意义。本研究旨在探究X射线辐射对小鼠肺上皮细胞系(murine lung epithelial-12,MLE12)代谢的影响。方法于体外环境下培养MLE12细胞系,并将其随机分为辐射组(radiation group,IR组)与对照组(control group,NC组)。使用日立X射线辐照仪以10 Gy的剂量对IR组细胞进行辐射处理。辐射后48 h收集细胞上清液样本。通过液相色谱-质谱联用仪(liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer,LC/MS)对样本进行代谢组学分析。结果LC/MS代谢组学分析揭示了MLE12细胞在辐射后48 h的代谢变化。与NC组相比,IR组中共有38种分泌型代谢物发生改变。根据京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)数据库的注释,差异代谢物主要涉及核苷酸代谢、氨基酸代谢和脂质代谢等通路,其中核苷酸代谢的差异最为显著。结论X射线辐射对MLE12细胞的代谢产生了显著影响,主要影响核苷酸代谢途径,包括嘌呤和嘧啶等代谢产物及相关代谢通路。

Upregulation of α-ENaC induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction,ER stress,and SIRT2 degradation

Islet beta cells(β-cells)produce insulin in response to high blood glucose levels,which is essential for preserving glucose homeostasis.Voltage-gated ion channels inβ-cells,including Na+,K+,and Ca2+channels,aid in the release of insulin.The epithelial sodium channel alpha subunit(α-ENaC),a voltage-independent sodium ion channel,is also expressed in human pancreatic endocrine cells.However,there is no reported study on the function of ENaC in theβ-cells.In the current study,we found thatα-ENaC was expressed in human pancreatic glandule and pancreatic isletβ-cells.In the pancreas of db/db mice and high-fat diet-induced mice,and in mouse isletβ-cells(MIN6 cells)treated with palmitate,α-ENaC expression was increased.Whenα-ENaC was overexpressed in MIN6 cells,insulin content and glucose-induced insulin secretion were significantly reduced.On the other hand,palmitate injured isletβ-cells and suppressed insulin synthesis and secretion,but increasedα-ENaC expression in MIN6 cells.However,α-ENaC knockout(Scnn1a−/−)in MIN6 cells attenuatedβ-cell disorder induced by palmitate.Furthermore,α-ENaC regulated the ubiquitylation and degradation of sirtuin 2 inβ-cells.α-ENaC also modulatedβ-cell function in correlation with the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/X-box binding protein 1(IRE1α/XBP1)and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/C/EBP homologous protein(PERK/CHOP)endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways.These results suggest thatα-ENaC may play a novel role in insulin synthesis and secretion in theβ-cells,and the upregulation ofα-ENaC promotes isletβ-cell dysfunction.In conclusion,α-ENaC may be a key regulator involved in isletβ-cell damage and a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

铝锭浇注过程中快速判定浮渣较厚处方法研究

为提高铝锭生产质量,针对铝锭浇注过程中铝液表层浮渣厚度分布不均的问题,探究不同厚度浮渣表面温度分布情况,从而根据温度不同快速判定出浮渣较厚区域,为后续只对浮渣较厚处进行厚度测量提供目标位置,并且能使捞渣机器人准确又快速地捞渣。该方法提高了整体浮渣厚度检测速度。

Engineering graphene oxide and hydrogel coatings on fabrics for smart Janus textiles with superior thermal regulation

Fabric multifunctionality offers resource savings and enhanced human comfort.This study innovatively integrates cooling,heating,and antimicrobial properties within a Janus fabric,surpassing previous research focused solely on cooling or heating.Different effects are achieved by applying distinct coatings to each side of the fabric.One graphene oxide(GO)coating exhibits exceptional light-to-heat conversion,absorbing and transforming light energy into heat,thereby elevating fabric temperature by 15.4℃,22.7℃,and 43.7℃ under 0.2,0.5,and 1 sun irradiation,respectively.Conversely,a hydrogel coating on one side absorbs water,facilitating heat dissipation through evaporation upon light exposure,reducing fabric temperature by 5.9℃,8.4℃,and 7.1℃ in 0.2,0.5,and 1 sun irradiation,respectively.Moreover,both sides of Janus fabric exhibit potent antimicrobial properties,ensuring fabric hygiene.This work presents a feasible solution to address crucial challenges in fabric thermal regulation,providing a smart approach for intelligent adjustment of body comfort in both summer and winter.By integrating heating and cooling capabilities along with antimicrobial properties,this study promotes sustainable development in textile techniques.

Mild polarization electric field in ultra-thin BN-Fe-graphene sandwich structure for efficient nitrogen reduction

The electrocatalytic N_(2)reduction reaction(NRR)is expected to supersede the traditional Haber-Bosch technology for NH3 production under ambient conditions.The activity and selectivity of electrochemical NRR are restricted to a strong polarized electric field induced by the catalyst,correct electron transfer direction,and electron tunneling distance between bare electrode and active sites.By coupling the chemical vapor deposition method with the poly(methyl methacylate)-transfer method,an ultrathin sandwich catalyst,i.e.,Fe atoms(polarized electric field layer)sandwiched between ultrathin(within electron tunneling distance)BN(catalyst layer)and graphene film(conducting layer),is fabricated for electrocatalytic NRR.The sandwich catalyst not only controls the transfer of electrons to the BN surface in the correct direction under applied voltage but also suppresses hydrogen evolution reaction by constructing a neutral polarization electric field without metal exposure.The sandwich electrocatalyst NRR system achieve NH3 yield of 8.9μg h^(−1)cm^(−2)and Faradaic Efficiency of 21.7%.The N_(2)adsorption,activation,and polarization electric field changes of three sandwich catalysts(BN-Fe-G,BN-Fe-BN,and G-Fe-G)during the electrocatalytic NRR are investigated by experiments and density functional theory simulations.Driven by applied voltage,the neutral polarized electric field induced by BN-Fe-G leads to the high activity of electrocatalytic NRR.

Phase engineering of Ni-Mn binary layered oxide cathodes for sodiumion batteries

Nickel-manganese binary layered oxides with high working potential and low cost are potential candidates for sodium-ion batteries,but their electrochemical properties are highly related to compositional diversity.Diverse composite materials with various phase structures of P3,P2/P3,P2,P2/O3,and P2/P3/O3 were synthesized by manipulating the sodium content and calcination conditions,leading to the construction of a synthetic phase diagram for Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)(0.45≤x≤1.1).Then,we compared the electrochemical characteristics and structural evolution during the desodiation/sodiation process of P2,P2/P3,P2/03,and P2/P3/O3-Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2).Among them,P2/P3-Na0.75Ni0.25Mn0.75O2exhibits the best rate capability of 90.9 mA h g^(-1)at 5 C,with an initial discharge capacity of 142.62 mA h g^(-1)at 0.1 C and a capacity retention rate of 78.25%after 100 cycles at 1 C in the voltage range of 2-4.3 V.The observed superior sodium storage performance of P2/P3 hybrids compared to other composite phases can be attributed to the enhanced Na^(+)transfer dynamic,reduction of the Jahn-teller effect,and improved reaction reversibility induced by the synergistic effect of P2 and P3 phases.The systematic research and exploration of phases in Na_(x)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)provide new sights into high-performance nickel-manganese binary layered oxide for sodium-ion batteries.

HQNN-SFOP:Hybrid Quantum Neural Networks with Signal Feature Overlay Projection for Drone Detection Using Radar Return Signals-A Simulation

With the wide application of drone technology,there is an increasing demand for the detection of radar return signals from drones.Existing detection methods mainly rely on time-frequency domain feature extraction and classical machine learning algorithms for image recognition.This method suffers from the problem of large dimensionality of image features,which leads to large input data size and noise affecting learning.Therefore,this paper proposes to extract signal time-domain statistical features for radar return signals from drones and reduce the feature dimension from 512×4 to 16 dimensions.However,the downscaled feature data makes the accuracy of traditional machine learning algorithms decrease,so we propose a new hybrid quantum neural network with signal feature overlay projection(HQNN-SFOP),which reduces the dimensionality of the signal by extracting the statistical features in the time domain of the signal,introduces the signal feature overlay projection to enhance the expression ability of quantum computation on the signal features,and introduces the quantum circuits to improve the neural network’s ability to obtain the inline relationship of features,thus improving the accuracy and migration generalization ability of drone detection.In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,we experimented with the method using the MM model that combines the real parameters of five commercial drones and random drones parameters to generate data to simulate a realistic environment.The results show that the method based on statistical features in the time domain of the signal is able to extract features at smaller scales and obtain higher accuracy on a dataset with an SNR of 10 dB.On the time-domain feature data set,HQNNSFOP obtains the highest accuracy compared to other conventional methods.In addition,HQNN-SFOP has good migration generalization ability on five commercial drones and random drones data at different SNR conditions.Our method verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of signal detection methods based on quantum computation and experimentally demonstrates that the advantages of quantum computation for information processing are still valid in the field of signal processing,it provides a highly efficient method for the drone detection using radar return signals.

Epigenetic regulators as the foundation for molecular classification of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for approximately 10% of newly diagnosed cancer cases and cancer-related deaths worldwide~1. The identification of molecular subtypes of CRCs has significantly advanced treatment strategies,including targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Alterations in Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins Induced by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Osteosarcoma around the Knee Joint:A Retrospective Analysis

Objective To investigate the serum lipid profiles of patients with localized osteosarcoma around the knee joint before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods After retrospectively screening the data of 742 patients between January 2007 and July 2020,50 patients aged 13 to 39 years with Enneking stage II disease were included in the study.Serum lipid levels,including total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),lipoprotein-α[Lp(a)],and apolipoprotein A1,B,and E(ApoA1,ApoB,and ApoE),and clinicopathological characteristics were collected before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Results The mean levels of TC,TG,and ApoB were significantly increased following neoadjuvant chemotherapy(16%,38%,and 20%,respectively,vs.pretreatment values;P<0.01).The mean levels of LDL-C and ApoE were also 19%and 16%higher,respectively(P<0.05).No correlation was found between the pretreatment lipid profile and the histologic response to chemotherapy.An increase in Lp(a)was strongly correlated with the Ki-67 index(R=0.31,P=0.023).Moreover,a trend toward longer disease-free survival(DFS)was observed in patients with decreased TG and increased LDL-C following chemotherapy,although this difference was not statistically significant(P=0.23 and P=0.24,respectively).Conclusion Significant elevations in serum lipids were observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized osteosarcoma.There was no prognostic significance of pretreatment serum lipid levels on histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The scale of increase in serum Lp(a)might have a potential prognostic role in osteosarcoma.Patients with increased LDL-C or reduced TG after chemotherapy seem to exhibit a trend toward favorable DFS.

Macrophages:Key players in diabetic wound healing

In this editorial,we discuss the article by Wen et al published.Diabetic foot ulcers are prevalent and serious complications of diabetes,significantly impacting patients’quality of life and often leading to disability or death,thereby placing a heavy burden on society.Effective diabetic wound healing is hindered by an imbalance in macrophage polarization;many macrophages fail to transition from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype,which is crucial for tissue remodelling and repair.The wound healing process is both dynamic and complex.Healthy M1 macrophages,which have strong phagocytic abilities,are vital during the inflammatory phase of diabetic wound healing.However,the failure to transition to M2 macrophages during the proliferative phase hinders wound healing.We anticipate the development of new therapies that can repair damaged M1 macrophages during the inflammatory phase and promote M2 macrophage polarization during the proliferative phase,thereby enhancing the overall healing process.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the treatment of obstructive shock caused by venous air embolism:A case report

BACKGROUND Venous air embolism(VAE)is a potentially lethal condition,with a reported incidence rate of about 0.13%,and the true incidence may be higher since many VAE are asymptomatic.The current treatments for VAE include Durant's maneuver,aspiration and removal of air through venous catheters,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy.For critically ill patients,use of cardiotonic drugs and chest compressions remain useful strategies.The wider availability of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)has brought a new option for VAE patients.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old female patient with VAE presented to the emergency clinic due to abdominal pain with fever for 1 d and unconsciousness for 2 h.One day ago,the patient suffered from abdominal pain,fever,and diarrhea.She suddenly became unconscious after going to the toilet during the intravenous infusion of ciprofloxacin 2 h ago,accompanied by nausea and vomiting,during which a small amount of gastric contents were discharged.She was immediately sent to a local hospital,where cranial and chest computed tomography showed bilateral pneumonia as well as accumulated air visible in the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.The condition deteriorated despite endotracheal intubation,rehydration,and other treatments,and the patient was then transferred to our hospital.Veno-arterial ECMO was applied in our hospital,and the patient's condition gradually improved.The patient was successfully weaned from ECMO and extubated after two days.CONCLUSION ECMO may be an important treatment for patients with VAE in critical condition.

地方高校选修课程考核模式的改革与探索——以汉江师范学院为例

课程考核是课程教学中提高教学质量和评价人才培养质量的重要环节及有效手段。然而,地方高校汉江师范学院选修课程仍然存在考核方式单一、学生积极性差、创新性不足的问题。本文对选修课程考核模式进行了改革与探索,以表面活性剂化学课程为例,从教师评价、学生互评、学生贡献等三个角度出发,以科学成才观念为核心,设计并实践了教师评价(代号“T”)、组组互评(代号“G”)、个人贡献比(代号“I”)的“TGI”考核模式,打破传统的考核方式,提高学生积极性与主动性,激发学生的创新性,活化学生创新思维,培养学生的综合能力。“TGI”考核模式对提高课程教学质量具有重要的意义,对其他选修课程考核评价具有一定的借鉴作用。

铁电极化增强C/Bi/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)复合材料光催化性能的研究——推荐一个综合化学实验

本文围绕环境问题设计了一个综合化学实验。制备了C/Bi/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)复合材料,并对其施加直流电压进行电极化处理,通过扫描电镜和X射线粉末衍射等表征得出电极化法不影响材料的形貌和组成结构,并且能有效增强复合材料的光催化降解活性。本实验实现了化学、环境、能源与材料等多学科交叉融合,实验可操作性强且绿色环保。通过实验改进和仪器表征,激发学生的科研热情,培养创新思维和动手能力。

The increasing predominance of extreme precipitation in Southwest China since the late 1970s

Extreme precipitation events cause severe environmental and societal damage worldwide.Southwest China(SWC)is sensitive to such effects because of its overpopulation,underdevelopment,and fragile ecosystems.Using daily observations from 108 rain-gauge stations,the authors investigated the frequency of extreme precipitation events and their contribution to total precipitation in SWC since the late 1970 s.Results indicate that total precipitation is decreasing insignificantly,but rainfall-events frequency is decreasing significantly,whereas the region is experiencing more frequent and intense extreme precipitation events.Note that although fewer stations are statistically significant,about 60%of the rain-gauge stations show an increasing trend in the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation.Furthermore,there is an increasing trend in the contribution of total extreme precipitation to total precipitation,with extreme precipitation becoming dominant in the increasingly arid SWC region.The results carry important implications for policymakers,who should place greater emphasis on extreme precipitation and associated floods and landslides when drafting water-resource management policies.

我国学前儿童数学监测指标体系的构建

对儿童学习和发展结果的评估与监控是教育质量监测的重要内容。学前儿童数学监测指标体系本质上是对3～6岁儿童在与数学学习有关的知识、能力、态度、学习品质等方面的发展的较为系统的期望。在厘清21世纪创新社会对人才数学素养要求的基础上,参考国内外研究文献和国内相关政策文件,本研究构建了学前儿童数学监测指标体系草案,然后采用德尔菲专家访谈方法,结合幼儿园教师在实践中的实际使用情况与反馈,对该指标体系进行了内容效度检验,并根据检验结果对指标体系进行了多次修改,最终确定的监测指标体系包含数学知识技能、过程性能力、态度和学习品质三个方面共20条指标,今后应进一步开发和完善与这一数学监测指标体系相匹配的注重儿童数学问题解决过程的诊断性测评工具和适合教师使用的观察评定表,以更好地发挥监测为改进教学、促进儿童发展服务的功能。

5～6岁儿童数学问题解决的认知诊断评估工具

基于认知诊断评估理论和技术,本研究采用文献分析、专家研讨和口语报告法构建5～6岁儿童"数与运算"领域数学问题解决的认知模型,对627名5～6岁儿童进行认知诊断评估,运用认知诊断模型—数据拟合对认知模型和诊断测验进行质量检验。结果显示,认知属性对题目难度的解释量为0.879,效应量为0.834,平均HCI为0.749;认知诊断测验题目的平均区分度为0.707(标准差为0.299);除两题的题目拟合度S-X^2指标的显著性水平<0.01,其他题目的拟合度都较好;测验的信度为0.95;平均掌握概率与测验总分呈单调递增曲线。以上结果说明,本研究构建的儿童数学问题解决认知模型良好,编制的认知诊断测验具有较理想的测量信度与效度,可以作为评估儿童数学问题解决的有效工具,并可以提供精细丰富的诊断信息,从而为相关教育教学及干预研究提供科学依据。

锥形端面对铝/钢连续驱动摩擦焊温度场的数值模拟研究

接头结构设计是连续驱动摩擦焊的一项重要工艺措施,对改善界面产热功率的不均匀性和提升接头力学性能有显著作用。本工作在钢侧待焊端面设计5°、10°、15°、20°、25°的锥度角,利用ABAQUS进行有限元分析,采用耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日方法,建立了焊接过程的三维热力耦合模型,分析了锥度大小对接头成型、温度场分布、塑性金属形成的变化规律,并开展焊接实验,验证了计算结果的准确性。结果表明:接头宏观形貌、轴向缩短量与实验结果吻合较好,计算温度与实测数据相对误差约为3.5%~4.8%,变化趋势相同;锥形结构使界面高温区域发生移动,5°与15°接头2/3 R处温度最高,25°接头1/3 R处温度最高,产热集中位置向界面中心移动,产热集中区域宽度变窄,塑性环的位置、宽度与计算的温度场具有较好的一致性。

工艺参数对铝/钢旋转摩擦焊接头组织的影响

随着技术的发展和不同材料生产设备的需求,近年来以摩擦焊方法制造铝/钢复合结构已成为研究热点,而关于工艺参数对接头组织和界面断裂形式的影响需进一步研究。通过采用连续驱动摩擦焊实现不同工艺规范下1060工业纯铝与Q235低碳钢的焊接,利用SEM、EDS及XRD等手段测试分析了焊接界面金属间化合物层的形态特征及组成,并对拉伸断口形貌进行观察。结果表明,不同工艺参数下摩擦界面生成的金属间化合物层厚度相差很大,主要集中在(1/2~2/3)R区间,中心区域最小,其厚度随着摩擦时间的增大而增加,随着顶锻压力的增大而减小。同时由于界面金属间化合物的差异,使得界面不同位置拉伸断口呈现不一样的形貌,以准解理断裂和塑性断裂的综合断裂方式为主。