Research and Discussion on Flipped Classroom Combined with Case-Based Learning in Pharmacoeconomics Teaching

Objective:To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching methods in pharmacoeconomics teaching.Methods:The students majoring in clinical pharmacy in 2019 were selected as the study subjects,and the cost-effectiveness analysis of different dosage forms of Yinzhihuang in the treatment of neonatal jaundice was selected as the teaching case.The flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching method was used to carry out theoretical teaching to the students.After the course,questionnaires were distributed through the Sojump platform to evaluate the teaching effect.Results:The results of the questionnaire showed that 85.71%of the students believed that the flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching method was helpful in mobilizing the learning enthusiasm and initiative,and improving the comprehensive application ability of the knowledge of pharmacoeconomics.92.86%of the students think that it is conducive to the understanding and memorization of learning content,as well as the cultivation of teamwork,communication,etc.Conclusion:Flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching method can improve students’knowledge mastery,thinking skills,and practical application skills,as well as optimize and improve teachers’teaching levels.

Laser Erasing and Rewriting of Flexible Copper Circuits

Integrating construction and reconstruction of highly conductive structures into one process is of great interest in developing and manufacturing of electronics,but it is quite challenging because these two involve contradictive additive and subtractive processes.In this work,we report an all-laser mask-less processing technology that integrates manufacturing,modifying,and restoring of highly conductive Cu structures.By traveling a focused laser,the Cu patterns can be fabricated on the flexible substrate,while these as-written patterns can be selectively erased by changing the laser to a defocused state.Subsequently,the fresh patterns with identical conductivity and stability can be rewritten by repeating the writing step.Further,this erasing–rewriting process is also capable of repairing failure patterns,such as oxidation and cracking.Owing to the high controllability of this writing–erasing–rewriting process and its excellent reproducibility for conductive structures,it opens a new avenue for rapid healing and prototyping of electronics.