体育强国背景下的线上线下融合式教学设计与实践

体育强国国家战略的实现需要兼具体育专项技能、自主学习、信息素养等综合素质人才的支持,普通高等体育院校肩负着培养体育人才的重要使命。《计算机应用基础》作为普通高等体育院校开设的计算机公共基础课程,是术科学生掌握信息技术应用能力、发展信息素养的重要课程。文章采用行动研究法和问卷调查法,以北京体育大学开设的《计算机应用基础》课程为例,在“立德树人”的教育根本任务引领下,以发展自主学习能力和信息素养为目标,基于学生发展需要的具有体育特色的实践任务为驱动,以多元化学习资源为基础,从课前自主学习、课中演示释疑、实践应用、课后巩固拓展四个环节进行《计算机应用基础》线上线下融合式教学设计与实践。通过问卷调查和实践教学数据分析,线上线下融合式教学设计能有效提升运动训练和体育教育专业学生信息素养,对学生自主学习能力的培养有积极影响。

大数据环境下普洱市气象干旱演变规律分析

针对研究区自2009年以来连续干旱的实际情况,提出了利用GIS技术结合气象学的理论与方法,开展气象干旱演变规律研究。本研究以云南省普洱市为研究对象,在GIS环境中,利用云南省普洱市10个气象观测站1961-2010年近50年逐月降水观测数据,运用线性分析法和反距离权重空间内插法,在ARCGIS软件平台下进行空间统计分析,研究结果表明:①近50年研究区各季节的平均降水量的分布均呈现出南部地区高,中部、北部地区较少;②各季节的降水情况变化不同,夏季、秋季和冬季的降水呈下降趋势,春季降水略有上升趋势;③研究区各月份的干旱有着较大的差异;④各区域干旱分布有所差异,西部发生干旱频次较高。研究结果可为政府决策部门提供翔实的、可靠的理论和技术方法。

全物理交联三重互穿网络水凝胶的制备与性能

为提升水凝胶的综合力学力学性能,设计并研究了一种全物理交联三重互穿网络水凝胶。以自由基乳液聚合法,获得疏水缔合交联的聚丙烯酰胺网络,水凝胶一步成型,依次通过冷冻-融化循环、浸没FeCl_(3)溶液分别形成微晶交联的聚乙烯醇网络及离子交联的海藻酸钠网络。获得P(AM-SMA)/PVA/SA三重互穿网络(HMITN)水凝胶。通过傅里叶变换红外对水凝胶结构进行了表征;通过电子万能试验机对水凝胶的力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,HMITN水凝胶具有良好的强度、韧性、抗疲劳及自恢复性能,强度0.45 MPa,断裂能2.48 MJ/m^(3),在200%应变下进行5次循环拉伸后仍然保持20.3%的韧性,室温下自恢复260 min后,韧性可恢复66.7%。

Enhancing sensitivity of SERRS nanoprobes by modifying heptamethine cyanine-based reporter molecules

Surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering(SERRS)is a physical phenomenon that occurs when the energy of incident light is dose to that of electronic excitation of reporter molecules(RMs)attached on substrates.SERRS has showed great promise in healthcare applications such as tumor diagnosis,image guided tumor surgery and real-time evaluation of therapeutic response due to its ultra-sensitivity,manipulating convenience and easy acessibility.As the most widely used organic near-infrared(NIR)fuorophore,heptamethine cyanines possess the electronic ex-citation energy that is close to the plasmon absorption energy of the gold nano scafolds,which results in the extraordinary enhancement of the SERRS signal.However,the effect of hepta-methine cyanine structure and the gold nanoparticle morphology to the SERRS intensity are barely investigated.This work developed a series of SERRS nanoprobes in which two hepta-methine cyanine derivatives(IR783 and IR780)were used as the RM and three gold nanoparticles(nanorod,nanosphere and nanostar)were used as the substrates.Interestingly,even though IR780 and IR783 possess very similar chemical structure,SERRS signal produced by IR780 was determined as 14 times higher than that of IR783 when the RM concentration was6.5 × 10^(-6) M.In contrast,less than 4.0 fold SERRS signal intensity increase was measured by changing the substrate morphologies.Above experimental results indicate that finely tuning the chemical structure of the heptamethine cyanine could be a feasible way to develop robust SERRS probes to visualize tumor or guide tumor resection with high sensitivity and target to background ratio.

Association of four GSTs gene polymorphisms with Parkinson disease: A meta-analysis

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurological disorder with huge destruction to human body, which affects approximately 2% of the population aged 65 years or older. As antioxidants in the stress defence systems, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are dimeric cytosolic enzymes with an important role in the pathogenesis of PD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the polymorphisms of GST genes and PD. Meta-analyses were conducted from 17 studies (38 stages) among 3419 cases and 5686 controls between four polymorphisms (GSTT1 deletion polymorphism;GSTM1 deletion polymorphism;GSTP1-104: rs1695;GSTP1-114: rs1799811) and PD. There is no significant association between the four GST gene variants and PD. A further subgroup study by ethnicity observed a risky role of GSTM1 deletion polymorphism with PD in Europeans (p = 0.013, OR = 1.126, 95% CI = 1.025-1.236), and a protective role of GSTM1 deletion polymorphism with PD in Latin Americans (p = 0.032, OR = 0.750, 95% CI = 0.577-0.975). Our meta-analysis suggested that GSTM1 deletion polymorphism increased the risk of PD in Europeans, but reduced the risk of PD in Latin Americans. Future large-scale studies might be needed to confirm the ethnic difference of GSTM1 deletion polymorphism, and to check whether there was significant association of PD for other GST genetic polymorphisms.

A comprehensive meta-analysis of the association between three <i>IL</i>1B polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease that causes huge destruction to human body. IL1B encodes key mediator IL-1β protein, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory syndromes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between IL1B polymorphisms and RA. A meta-analysis was performed on the association between three IL1B polymorphisms (IL1B-31: rs1143627;IL1B-511: rs16944;IL1B + 3954: rs1143634) and RA. A trend of significant association was observed between IL1B + 3954 and RA (p = 0.06, odd ratio (OR) = 1.19, 95% confidential interval (CI) = 1.00-1.42). A significant association was found in Europeans under the dominant model between IL1B-511T and RA (p = 0.03, OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.99). Our meta-analysis indicated that IL1B ? 511-T played a protective role against RA in Europeans, and that IL1B + 3954-T had the potential to increase the risk of RA. Future large-scale studies should be considered to confirm the association between IL1B polymorphisms and RA.

Hotspot Detection of Semiconductor Lithography Circuits Based on Convolutional Neural Network

In the advanced semiconductor lithography manufacturing process,the sub-wavelength lithography gap may cause lithographic error and the difference between the wafer pattern and mask pattern which may cause wafer defects in the later process.Even if a layout passes the design rule checking(DRC),it still might contain process hotspots which are sensitive to the lithographic process.Hence,process-hotspot detection has become a crucial issue.In this paper,we propose a convolutional neural network(CNN)based process-hotspot detection framework.Different network parameters including the training batch size,learning rate,loss functions as well as the optimization methods are compared and the optimal method is proposed with respect to a typical benchmark.The results of the tuned model are better than common machine learning methods.A general training flow is proposed.The method is flexible and can be applied to different benchmarks for better hotspot detection performance.

CEPC Technical Design Report

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

Engineering mesoporous bioactive glasses for emerging stimuli-responsive drug delivery and theranostic applications

Mesoporous bioactive glasses(MBGs),which belong to the category of modern porous nanomaterials,have garnered significant attention due to their impressive biological activities,appealing physicochemical properties,and desirable morphological features.They hold immense potential for utilization in diverse fields,including adsorption,separation,catalysis,bioengineering,and medicine.Despite possessing interior porous structures,excellent morphological characteristics,and superior biocompatibility,primitive MBGs face challenges related to weak encapsulation efficiency,drug loading,and mechanical strength when applied in biomedical fields.It is important to note that the advantageous attributes of MBGs can be effectively preserved by incorporating supramolecular assemblies,miscellaneous metal species,and their conjugates into the material surfaces or intrinsic mesoporous networks.The innovative advancements in these modified colloidal inorganic nanocarriers inspire researchers to explore novel applications,such as stimuli-responsive drug delivery,with exceptional in-vivo performances.In view of the above,we outline the fabrication process of calcium-silicon-phosphorus based MBGs,followed by discussions on their significant progress in various engineered strategies involving surface functionalization,nanostructures,and network modification.Furthermore,we emphasize the recent advancements in the textural and physicochemical properties of MBGs,along with their theranostic potentials in multiple cancerous and non-cancerous diseases.Lastly,we recapitulate compelling viewpoints,with specific considerations given from bench to bedside.

Catalysts or Barriers?The Impacts of Natural Disasters on Internal Labor Migration in China

This paper discusses ways in which negative economic shocks captured by natural disasters can shape internal labor migration in China.The impact of negative economic shocks on migration depends on the combination of two opposite driving forces:(i)negative economic shocks can make staying in the affected area less profitable,thus enhancing returns to migration;(ii)the shocks can make it more difficult to migrate out,thus inducing a higher fixed cost of migration.Based on a nationwide dataset of China,this paper shows that when natural disasters were not severe,they caused migration out of rural areas.With sufficiently severe damage,however,the negative effect of natural disasters could be mitigated by villages'prior migrant networks.Specifically,with a severe shock,only clan members were able to migrate in response to natural disasters and enjoyed the complementary effects of prior migrant networks,as they could receive more help from social capital.

Electrical stimulation with polypyrrole-coated polycaprolactone/silk fibroin scaffold promotes sacral nerve regeneration by modulating macrophage polarisation

Peripheral nerve injury poses a great threat to neurosurgery and limits the regenerative potential of sacral nerves in the neurogenic bladder.It remains unknown whether electrical stimulation can facilitate sacral nerve regeneration in addition to modulate bladder function.The objective of this study was to utilise electrical stimulation in sacra nerve crush injury with newly constructed electroconductive scaffold and explore the role of macrophages in electrical stimulation with crushed nerves.As a result,we generated a polypyrrole-coated polycaprolactone/silk fibroin scaffold through which we applied electrical stimulation.The electrical stimulation boosted nerve regeneration and polarised the macrophages towards the M2 phenotype.An in vitro test using bone marrow derived macrophages revealed that the pro-regenerative polarisation of M2 were significantly enhanced by electrical stimulation.Bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcriptions(STATs)was differentially regulated in a way that promoted M2-related genes expression.Our work indicated the feasibility of electricals stimulation used for sacral nerve regeneration and provided a firm demonstration of a pivotal role which macrophages played in electrical stimulation.

Future Physics Programme of BESⅢ

There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B factories, and the observation of an intriguing proton-antiproton threshold enhancement and the possibly related X(1835) meson state at BESⅢ, as well as the threshold measurements of charm mesons and charm baryons. We present a detailed survey of the important topics in tau-charm physics and hadron physics that can be further explored at BESⅢ during the remaining operation period of BEPCⅡ. This survey will help in the optimization of the data-taking plan over the coming years, and provides physics motivation for the possible upgrade of BEPCⅡ to higher luminosity.

The optimized preparation of HA/L-TiO2/D-TiO2 composite coating on porous titanium and its effect on the behavior osteoblasts

Various surface bioactivation technology has been confirmed to improve the osteogenic ability of porous titanium(pTi)implants effectively.In this study,a three-layered composite coating,i.e.outer layer of hydroxyapatite(HA),middle layer of loose titanium dioxide(L-TiO2)and inner layer of dense TiO2(D-TiO2),was fabricated on pTi by a combined processing procedure of pickling,alkali heat(AH),anodic oxidation(AO),electrochemical deposition(ED)and hydrothermal treatment(HT).After soaking in simulated body fluid for 48 h,the surface of the AHAOEDHT-treated pTi was completely covered by a homogeneous apatite layer.Using MC3T3-E1 pro-osteoblasts as cell model,the cell culture revealed that both the pTi without surface treatment and the AHAOEDHT sample could support the attachment,growth and proliferation of the cells.Compared to the pTi sample,the AHAOEDHT one induced higher expressions of osteogenesis-related genes in the cells,including alkaline phosphatase,Type I collagen,osteopontin,osteoclast inhibitor,osteocalcin and zinc finger structure transcription factor.As thus,besides the good corrosion resistance,the HA/L-TiO2/D-TiO2-coated pTi had good osteogenic activity,showing good potential in practical application for bone defect repair.

Five Independent Cases of Human Infection with Avian Influenza H5N6—Sichuan Province,China,2021

Summary What is known about this topic?The emerging H5Ny lineages of the avian influenza virus(AIV)with genomic reassortments have posed a continuous threat to animals and human beings.Since the first case of avian influenza A(H5N6)virus infection in 2014,the World Health Organization has reported a total of 38 cases by August 6,2021.

Near-Earth Asteroid Surveillance Constellation in the Sun-Venus Three-Body System

The threat of potential hazardous near-Earth asteroid(PHA)impact on Earth is increasingly attracting public attention.Monitoring and early warning of those PHAs are the premise of planetary defense.In this paper,we proposed a novel concept of surveillance constellation of heterogeneous wide-field near-Earth asteroid(NEA)surveyors(CROWN),in which six spacebased surveyors are loosely deployed in Venus-like orbits to detect the NEAs along the direction of the sunlight.First,the concept and overall design of the NEA surveillance constellation are discussed.Second,the transfer and deployment trajectory of the surveyors are investigated based on the Sun-Venus three-body system.The Sun-Venus libration orbit is taken as the parking orbit,and its stable invariant manifolds are used to reduce the deployment fuel consumption.Next,the detection performance of the CROWN was evaluated considering constraints of apparent visual magnitude and field of view.The NEA orbit determination(OD)using the CROWN was studied and verified.Simulation results show that the CROWN can be deployed with a total velocity increment of approximately 300 m/s.During the 5 years of observation,99.8%of PHAs can be detected and the OD precision is better than a single-surveyor system.This paper can provide a reference for the construction of future asteroid defense system.

Experimental review of the T(1S,2S,3S)physics at e^(+)e^(-) colliders and the LHC

The three lowest-lying r states,ie,r(1S),T(2S),and r(35),composed of b pairs and below the BB threshold,provide a good platform for the researches of hadronic physics and physics beyond the Standard Model.They can be produced directly in ete--colliding experiments,such as CLEO,Babar,and Belle,with low continuum backgrounds.In these experiments,many measurements of the exclusive r(1S)and r(2S)decays into light hadrons,which shed light on the"80%rule"for the Okubo-Zweig-lizuka suppressed decays in the bottomonium sector,were carried out.Meanwhile,many studies of the charmonium and bottomonium productions in r(1S,2S,3S)decays were performed,to distinguish different Quantum Chromodynamics(QCD)models.Besides,exotic states and new physics were also extensively explored in r(1S,2S,3S)decays at CLEO,BaBar,and Bell.The r(1S,2S,3S)states can also be produced in p collisions and in ollisions involving heavy ions.The precision measurements of their cross sections and polarizations at the large hadron collider(LHC),especially in the CMS,ATLAS,and LHCb experiments,help to understand r production mechanisms in Pp collisions.The observation of the sequential r suppession in heavy ion collisions at CMS,LHCb,and ALICE is of great importance for verifying the quark-gluon plasma predicted by QCD.In this article,we review the experimental results on T(1S,2S,3S)at e+e-colliders and the LHC,and summarize their prospects at Belle II and the LHC.

Analytical configuration uncertainty propagation of geocentric interferometric detection constellation

Long-term configuration stability is essential for an interferometric detection constellation(IDC),which is closely related to initial uncertainty.Therefore,it is vital to evaluate the uncertainty and characterize the configuration stability.In this study,an analytical method was developed for the configuration uncertainty propagation of a geocentric triangular IDC.The angular momentum and the argument latitude were found to be significantly affected by the initial uncertainty and were selected as the core variables.By averaging the perturbation in one revolution,an analytical solution was proposed for propagating the core orbital elements in one revolution.Subsequently,the analytical solution of the orbit elements during the mission period is obtained by multiplying the solutions in iterative revolutions.The relationship between the selected orbital elements and the configuration stability parameters was established using an analytical solution.The effects of the initial uncertainty in different directions on the configuration and stable domains were studied.Simulations show that the developed method is highly efficient and accurate in predicting the configuration stability.The relative error with respect to the Monte Carlo simulations was less than 3%with a time consumption of 0.1%.The proposed method can potentially be useful for constellation design and stability analysis.

A Review of Orbital Mechanics for Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observatories

The confirmation of gravitational waves in recent years has set off a new upsurge of exploring the extreme interactions critical to the origin and evolution of stars,galaxies,and the universe.The detection of gravitational waves in space is expected to cover the largest number and the greatest variety of gravitational wave sources,which is more compelling and valuable than the initial detection on the ground.Orbital dynamics and control are the keys to realizing the detection of gravitational waves in space.This paper reviews the orbital mechanics for space-based gravitational wave observatories.The principle and typical gravitational wave observation mission concepts are first introduced and classified summarized.Then,the orbital mechanics of the space-based gravitational wave observatories in different spatial locations are reviewed.On the basis of the characteristics of different observatories,2 groups of methods related to the observatory configuration design and optimization are summarized:the constellation configuration design and optimization method similar to the geocentric configuration and libration point configuration,the formation design and optimization method similar to heliocentric configuration.The prospects of space-based gravitational wave observatories are finally put forward,which shall provide a reference for future research on space-based gravitational wave observatories.

Reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted grant-free massive access

Massive machine-type communications(mMTC)is envisioned to be one of the pivotal scenarios in the fifth-generation(5G)wireless communication,where the explosively emerging Internet-of-Things(IoT)applications have triggered the demand for services with low-latency and high-reliability.To this end,grant-free random access paradigm has been proposed as a promising enabler in simplifying the connection procedure and significantly reducing access latency.In this paper,we propose to leverage the burgeoning reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)for grant-free massive access working at millimeter-wave(mmWave)frequency to further boost access reliability.By attaching independently controllable phase shifts,reconfiguring,and refracting the propagation of incident electromagnetic waves,the deployed RISs could provide additional diversity gain and enhance the access channel conditions.On this basis,to address the challenging active device detection(ADD)and channel estimation(CE)problem,we develop a joint-ADDCE(JADDCE)method by resorting to the existing approximate message passing(AMP)algorithm with expectation maximization(EM)to extract the structured common sparsity in traffic behaviors and cascaded channel matrices.Finally,simulations are carried out to demonstrate the superiority of our proposed scheme.