High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Sol-Gel-Processed Sliver-Doped NiO_(x)Hole Transporting Layer

Nickel oxide(NiO_(x))has been established as a highly efficient and stable holetransporting layer(HTL)in perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,existing deposition methods for NiO_(x)have been restricted by high-vacuum processes and fail to address the energy level mismatch at the NiO_(x)/perovskite interface,which has impeded the development of PSCs.Accordingly,we explored the application of NiO_(x)as a hybrid HTL through a sol-gel process,where a NiO_(x)film was pre-doped with Ag ions,forming a p/p^(+)homojunction in the NiO_(x)-based inverted PSCs.This innovative approach offers two synergistic advantages,including the enlargement of the built-in electric field for facilitating charge separation,optimizing energy level alignment,and charge transfer efficiency at the interface between the perovskite and HTL.Incorporating this hybrid HTL featuring the p/p^(+)homojunction in the inverted PSCs resulted in a high-power conversion efficiency(PCE)of up to 19.25%,significantly narrowing the efficiency gap compared to traditional n-i-p devices.Furthermore,this innovative strategy for the HTL enhanced the environmental stability to 30 days,maintaining 90%of the initial efficiency.

Fabricating Na/In/C Composite Anode with Natrophilic Na-In Alloy Enables Superior Na Ion Deposition in the EC/PC Electrolyte

In conventional ethylene carbonate(EC)/propylene carbonate(PC)electrolyte,sodium metal reacts spontaneously and deleteriously with solvent molecules.This significantly limits the practical feasibility of high-voltage sodium metal batteries based on Na metal chemistry.Herein,we present a sodium metal alloy strategy via introducing NaIn and Na_(2)In phases in a Na/In/C composite,aiming at boosting Na ion deposition stability in the common EC/PC electrolyte.Symmetric cells with Na/In/C electrodes achieve an impressive long-term cycling capability at 1 mA cm^(-2)(>870 h)and 5 mA cm^(-2)(>560 h),respectively,with a capacity of 1 mAh cm^(-2).In situ optical microscopy clearly unravels a stable Na ion dynamic deposition process on the Na/In/C composite electrode surface,attributing to a dendrite-free and smooth morphology.Furthermore,theoretical simulations reveal intrinsic mechanism for the reversible Na ion deposition behavior with the composite Na/In/C electrode.Upon pairing with a highvoltage NaVPOF cathode,Na/In/C anode illustrates a better suitability in SMB s.This work promises an alternative alloying strategy for enhancing Na metal interfacial stability in the common EC/PC electrolyte for their future applications.

Utilizing of high-pressure high-temperature synthesis to enhance the thermoelectric properties of Zn_(0.98)Al_(0.02)O with excellent electrical properties

The temperature in the high-pressure high-temperature(HPHT) synthesis is optimized to enhance the thermoelectric properties of high-density Zn O ceramic, Zn_(0.98)Al_(0.02)O. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy show that HPHT can be utilized to control the crystal structure and relative density of the material.High pressure can be utilized to change the energy band structure of the samples via changing the lattice constant of samples, which decreases the thermal conductivity due to the formation of a multi-scale hierarchical structure and defects. The electrical conductivity of the material reaches 6×10^(4) S/m at 373 K, and all doped samples behave as n-type semiconductors. The highest power factor(6.42 μW·cm^(-1)·K^(-2)) and dimensionless figure of merit(z T = 0.09) are obtained when Zn_(0.98)Al_(0.02)O is produced at 973 K using HPHT, which is superior to previously reported power factors for similar materials at the same temperature. Hall measurements indicate a high carrier concentration, which is the reason for the enhanced electrical performance.

A prognosis model for predicting immunotherapy response of esophageal cancer based on oxidative stress-related signatures

Oxidative stress(OS)is intimately associated with tumorigenesis and has been considered a potential therapeutic strategy.However,the OS-associated therapeutic target for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)remains unconfirmed.In our study,gene expression data of ESCC and clinical information from public databases were downloaded.Through LASSO-Cox regression analysis,a risk score(RS)signature map of prognosis was constructed and performed external verification with the GSE53625 cohort.The ESTIMATE,xCell,CIBERSORT,TIMER,and ImmuCellAI algorithms were employed to analyze infiltrating immune cells and generate an immune microenvironment(IM).Afterward,functional enrichment analysis clarified the underlying mechanism of the model.Nomogram was utilized for forecasting the survival rate of individual ESCC cases.As a result,we successfully constructed an OS-related genes(OSRGs)model and found that the survival rate of high-risk groups was lower than that of low-risk groups.The AUC of the ROC verified the strong prediction performance of the signal in these two cohorts further.According to independent prognostic analysis,the RS was identified as an independent risk factor for ESCC.The nomogram and follow-up data revealed that the RS possesses favorable predictive value for the prognosis of ESCC patients.qRT-PCR detection demonstrated increased expression of MPC1,COX6C,CYB5R3,CASP7,and CYCS in esophageal cancer patients.In conclusion,we have constructed an OSRGs model for ESCC to predict patients’prognosis,offering a novel insight into the potential application of the OSRGs model in ESCC.

Decarbonization options of the iron and steelmaking industry based on a three-dimensional analysis

Decarbonization is a critical issue for peaking CO_(2) emissions of energy-intensive industries,such as the iron and steel industry.The decarbonization options of China’s ironmaking and steelmaking sector were discussed based on a systematic three-dimensional low-carbon analysis from the aspects of resource utilization(Y),energy utilization(Q),and energy cleanliness which is evaluated by a process general emission factor(PGEF)on all the related processes,including the current blast furnace(BF)-basic oxygen furnace(BOF)integrated process and the specific sub-processes,as well as the electric arc furnace(EAF)process,typical direct reduction(DR)process,and smelting reduction(SR)process.The study indicates that the three-dimensional aspects,particularly the energy structure,should be comprehensively considered to quantitatively evaluate the decarbonization road map based on novel technologies or processes.Promoting scrap utilization(improvement of Y)and the substitution of carbon-based energy(improvement of PGEF)in particular is critical.In terms of process scale,promoting the development of the scrap-based EAF or DR-EAF process is highly encouraged because of their lower PGEF.The three-dimensional method is expected to extend to other processes or industries,such as the cement production and thermal electricity generation industries.

Highly sensitive solar-blind deep ultraviolet photodetector based on graphene/PtSe_(2)/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)2D/3D Schottky junction with ultrafast speed

There is an emerging need for high-sensitivity solar-blind deep ultraviolet(DUV)photodetectors with an ultra-fast response speed.Although nanoscale devices based on Ga_(2)O_(3)nanostructures have been developed,their practical applications are greatly limited by their slow response speed as well as low specific detectivity.Here,the successful fabrication of two-/three-dimensional(2D/3D)graphene(Gr)/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction devices for high-sensitivity solar-blind DUV photodetectors is demonstrated.Benefitting from the high-quality 2D/3D Schottky junction,the vertically stacked structure,and the superior-quality transparent graphene electrode for effective carrier collection,the photodetector is highly sensitive to DUV light illumination and achieves a high responsivity of 76.2 mA/W,a large on/off current ratio of~105,along with an ultra-high ultraviolet(UV)/visible rejection ratio of 1.8×104.More importantly,it has an ultra-fast response time of 12µs and a remarkable specific detectivity of~1013 Jones.Finally,an excellent DUV imaging capability has been identified based on the Gr/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction photodetector,demonstrating its great potential application in DUV imaging systems.

Therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture,massage,and blocking therapy on external humeral epicondylitis

OBJECTIVE:To compare two therapeutic methods:electroacupuncture + massage + blocking therapy,and blocking therapy alone in the treatment of external humeral epicondylitis.METHODS:Eighty-six patients were randomized into two groups with 43 in each. The treatment group received electroacupuncture + massage +blocking therapy, while the control group received blocking therapy only. A course of electroacupuncture treatment included therapy once a day for 10days. There were 10 treatments in a massage course and massage was given once a day, with a1-week interval given before the next course. A course of blocking treatment included therapy once a week, for twototaltreatments,andgenerallyno more than three times. The therapeutic effects were evaluated with the visual analog scale(VAS),grip strength index(GSI) score, and Mayo elbow performance score(MEPS) before treatment and at0, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment to observe thetotaleffectiverate.RESULTS: In the treatment and control groups before treatment and at 0, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment, the VAS scores were: 6.5±1.9 and 6.4±1.6; 4.6±1.3 and 4.6±1.7; 4.8±1.3 and 4.8±1.2; 4.6±1.2 and 6.6±1.6; and 6.5±1.6 and 6.5±1.3, respectively. The GSI scores were 63±8 and 63±8; 84±6and82±7;82±7and82±6;84±6and62±8;and64±6 and 64±7, respectively.The MEPS of both groups were65±7and66±8;85±6and84±7;84±5and84±7;80±7and66±6;and65±6and65±7,respectively.The total effective rates of the treatment and control groups at 0, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment were 87.5% and 85.0%; 85.0% and 82.5%;80.0% and 12.5%; and 2.5% and 5.0%, respectively.Compared with the treatment group, the control group had greater joint function, better the rapeutic effect, and lower pain intensity(P<0.01), indicating a high recurrence rate in the 12th month after treatment.There were no differences inVAS, GSI, or MEPS at 0, 6, and 24 months after treatment(P>0.05)betweenthetwogroups.CONCLUSION: We found that both methods were effective for external humeral epicondylitis. After 6months of treatment,the effects were good in both groups. However, in the 12th month, the control group had a relatively severe relapse. After 24months, both groups relapsed. The effect of electroacupuncture, massage, and blocking therapy used in combination lasted longer, delaying the recurrence of the disease.

Fast-chargingand dendrite-free lithiummetal anodeeenabledby partial lithiation ofgraphene aerogel

The development of deeply cyclable lithium metal batteries with fast-charging capability offers a promising solution to relieve the“range anxiety”in driving electric vehicles.Conventional lithium metal anodes suffered from low operating current densities and shallow charge/discharge depths,owing to the intrinsic dendrite growth governed by Sand’s law.Herein,we come up with a novel design of heavy-duty lithium metal anode fabricated by partially infusing the three-dimensional(3D)porous graphene aerogel with molten Li.Both electroanalytical measurements and simulations show that the unique electrode architecture brings notable advantages in mediating smooth Li plating/stripping,including reduced local current density,inhibited dendrite growth,buffered volume fluctuation,as well as more efficient Li utilization.Consequently,a remarkable cycling performance in symmetric cells for over 400 cycles(800 h)with an ultrahigh cycling capacity of 15 mAh·cm^(−2) at 15 mA·cm^(−2) is achieved,which,to our best knowledge,has been never seen in literature.LiFePO4 full cells demonstrate a superb rate capability up to 10 C and a prolonged cycling of 1,600 cycles at 2 C with the per-cycle capacity decay of only 0.023%.This study paves the way for the ultimate deployment of lithium metal batteries in real-world applications that require fast charging and deep cycling.

Conductive hydrogels incorporating carbon nanoparticles:A review of synthesis,performance and applications

As one of the most rapidly expanding materials,hydrogels have gained increasing attention in a variety of fields due to their biocompatibility,degradability and hydrophilic properties,as well as their remarkable adhesion and stretchability to adapt to different surfaces.Hydrogels combined with carbon-based materials possess enhanced properties and new functionalities,in particular,conductive hydrogels have become a new area of research in the field of materials science.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview and up-to-date examination of recent developments in the synthesis,properties and applications of conductive hydrogels incorporating several typical carbon nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes,graphene,carbon dots and carbon nanofibers.We summarize key techniques and mechanisms for synthesizing various composite hydrogels with exceptional properties,and represented applications such as wearable sensors,temperature sensors,supercapacitors and human-computer interaction reported recently.The mechanical,electrical and sensing properties of carbon nanoparticles conductive hydrogels are thoroughly analyzed to disclose the role of carbon nanoparticles in these hydrogels and key factors in the microstructure.Finally,future development of conductive hydrogels based on carbon nanoparticles is discussed including the challenges and possible solutions in terms of microstructure optimization,mechanical and other properties,and promising applications in wearable electronics and multifunctional materials.

Three-dimensional Ag/carbon nanotube-graphene foam for high performance dendrite free lithium/sodium metal anodes

Although lithium metal and sodium metal are promised as ideal anodes for lithium ion batteries(LIBs)and sodium ion batteries(SIBs),they still suffer from inevitable dendrite growth.In light of this,silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)are sputtered onto three-dimensional carbon nanotube decorated graphene foam(3D CNT-GF)to construct superior 3D Ag/CNT-GF composite matrix for lithium metal anodes(LMAs)and sodium metal anodes(SMAs).With this design,lithiophilic/sodiophilic Ag NPs could provide favorable sites to guide Li/Na metal nucleation and growth,thus leading to low nucleation overpotentials,high Coulombic efficiency and long cycle performance.Accordingly,3D Ag/CNT-GF electrodes can stably cy-cle for 1000 and 750 cycles at 3 mA cm^(−2)with 1 mAh cm^(−2)for SMAs and LMAs,respectively.More attractively,it can also stably sustain 300 cycles(SMAs)and 500 cycles(LMAs)at a large current den-sity of 5 mA cm^(−2)with 1 mAh cm^(−2).The excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to the lithiophilic/sodiophilic electrode surface,3D porous electrode structure and the dendrite-free mor-phology as demonstrated by ex-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and in-situ optical microscopy analyses.Furthermore,full cells based on Na@3D Ag/CNT-GF||Na 3 V 2(PO 4)3@carbon(NVP@C)and Li@3D Ag/CNT-GF||LiFePO 4(LFP)could deliver highly reversible capacities of 90.1 and 106.4 mAh g^(−1),respec-tively,at 100 mA g^(−1)after 200 cycles for SIBs and LIBs,respectively.This work demonstrates a novel 3D Ag/CNT-GF matrix for boosting Li/Na deposition stability for their future applications.

Light trapping enhanced broadband photodetection and imaging based on MoSe_(2)/pyramid Si vdW heterojunction

Two-dimensional(2D)layered materials have been considered promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronics.However,the performance of 2D photodetectors still has much room for improvement due to weak light absorption of planar 2D materials and lack of high-quality heterojunction preparation technology.Notably,2D materials integrating with mature bulk semiconductors are a promising pathway to overcome this limitation and promote the practical application on optoelectronics.In this work,we present the patterned assembly of MoSe_(2)/pyramid Si mixed-dimensional van der Waals(vdW)heterojunction arrays for broadband photodetection and imaging.Benefited from the light trapping effect induced enhanced optical absorption and high-quality vdW heterojunction,the photodetector demonstrates a wide spectral response range from 265 to 1550 nm,large responsivity up to 0.67 A·W^(-1),high specific detectivity of 1.84×10^(13)Jones,and ultrafast response time of 0.34/5.6μs at 0 V.Moreover,the photodetector array exhibits outstanding broadband image sensing capability.This study offers a novel development route for high-performance and broadband photodetector array by MoSe_(2)/pyramid Si mixed-dimensional heterojunction.

Three-dimensional Au/carbon nanotube-graphene foam hybrid nanostructure for dendrite free sodium metal anode with long cycle stability

Sodium metal anode has been attracting widely research attention due to its large capacity and low electrode potential as the anode of sodium-ion batteries.However,the uncontrollable growth of Na dendrite is one of the critical issues for its real applications.Herein,a three-dimensional(3 D) nanostructure composed of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) supported on 3 D carbon nanotube-graphene foam(3 D CNT-GF)was designed and fabricated as the host of sodium metal anode.Na@3 D Au/CNT-GF anode can deliver a Coulombic efficiency of 99.14% and stably cycle for 2600 h at 1 mA cm^(-2) with 1 mAh cm^(-2).It can cycle for 300 h at 5 mA cm^(-2) with 1 mAh cm^(-2).Detailed results indicate that its excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to the unique macroporous structure and sodiophilic surface formed by Au NPs guiding the uniform sodium metal deposition enabled a dendrite-free morphology investigated by the ex-situ SEM and in-situ optical microscopy.At last,a full cell was assembled with Na@3 D Au/CNT-GF as the anode and Na_(3) V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)@C as the cathode.It can deliver a capacity of 84.6 mAh g^(-1) at 100 mA g^(-1)after 200 cycles.Our results demonstrate that 3 D Au/CNT-GF is a promising sodium metal anode host.

Induction of Anxiety-Like Phenotypes by Knockdown of Cannabinoid Type-1 Receptors in the Amygdala of Marmosets

The amygdala is an important hub for regulating emotions and is involved in the pathophysiology of many mental diseases,such as depression and anxiety.Meanwhile,the endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in regulating emotions and mainly functions through the cannabinoid type-1 receptor(CB1R),which is strongly expressed in the amygdala of non-human primates(NHPs).However,it remains largely unknown how the CB1Rs in the amygdala of NHPs regulate mental diseases.Here,we investigated the role of CB1R by knocking down the cannabinoid receptor 1(CNR1)gene encoding CB1R in the amygdala of adult marmosets through regional delivery of AAV-SaCas9-gRNA.We found that CB1R knockdown in the amygdala induced anxiety-like behaviors,including disrupted night sleep,agitated psychomotor activity in new environments,and reduced social desire.Moreover,marmosets with CB1R-knockdown had up-regulated plasma cortisol levels.These results indicate that the knockdown of CB1Rs in the amygdala induces anxiety-like behaviors in marmosets,and this may be the mechanism underlying the regulation of anxiety by CB1Rs in the amygdala of NHPs.

Cross validation of hygrothermal properties of historical Chinese blue bricks with isothermal sorption experiments

The historical,cultural,and social value of heritage buildings mandates special protection of these structures.Blue brick is one kind of the main construction materials of heritage buildings,which is porous material and easily subject to deterioration due to environmental factors such as humidity.Therefore,determining the dynamic moisture content rule of materials under fluctuant ambient humidity is necessary for preventative conservation.This study measured the equilibrium moisture content of eight types of Chinese blue bricks under isothermal conditions with varying humidity levels.The results show that when ambient humidity increased from 10%to 90%,the moisture sorption of historical Chinese blue bricks tripled,which is 3 times greater than that of modern Chinese blue bricks and 10(at low humidity)to 20 times(at high humidity)greater than that of clay bricks in the international handbook.The results contribute to the improvement of the international building material database and research related to hygrothermal performance of heritage buildings in East Asia.©2021 Higher Education Press Limited Company.Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.Ltd.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.Org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Recent Advances and Opportunities of Lead-Free Perovskite Nanocrystal for Optoelectronic Application

Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs),as a new class of light-emitting and light-harvesting materials,have recently attracted intensive attention for an impressive variety of optoelectronic applications.However,the lead toxicity and poor stability of such materials severely restrict their practical applications and future commercialization.Lead-free perovskite NCs and their derivatives,designed by the reasonable chemical substitution of Pb with other nontoxic elements,are recently booming as an attractive alternative to lead-based counterparts.In this review,we firstly present a comprehensive overview of currently explored lead-free perovskite NCs with an emphasis on their design routes,morphologies,optoelectronic properties,and environmental stability issues.Then,we discuss the preliminary achievements of lead-free perovskite NCs in versatile optoelectronic applications,such as light-emitting devices,solar cells,photodetectors,and photocatalysis.We finish this review with a critical outlook into the currently existing challenges and possible development opportunities of this rapidly evolving field.

Prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among public hospital employees in Shanghai, China： a cross-sectional study

This study aims to explore the prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among hospital employees in Shanghai, China. A cross-sectional study of 4612 employees aged 19 to 68years was conducted through stratified cluster sampling from different classes of Shanghai hospitals in 2011. The total physical activity was evaluated using the metabolic equivalent according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Among the participants, 38.5%, 32.3%, and 64.6% of the employees are inactive at work, commuting, and taking leisure time, respectively. Up to 41.8% of the men and 37.8% of the women （P = 0.012） are physically inactive. When the age and educational level are adjusted, male doctors and medical technicians show a higher percentage of physical inactivity than male workers in logistics （P = 0.001）. Among females, employees who are working in second- and third-class hospitals show a higher proportion of physical inactivity than those who are working in community health care centers. Logistic regression analyses show that the odds ratios （ORs） of leisure-time physical inactivity associated with the intensity of physical activity at work are 2.259, 2.897, and 4.266 for men （P 〈 0.001） and 2.456, 3.259, and 3.587 for women （P 〈 0.001）, respectively. The time during commuting activities is significantly associated with leisure-time physical inactivity in either sex （OR = 2.116 for men and 2.173 for women, P 〈 0.001）. Hospital employees, particularly doctors and medical technicians, show a higher proportion of physical inactivity than other inhabitants in Shanghai. The time and intensity of activity at work and commuting are associated with leisure-time activities.

On-chip integrated GeSe_(2)/Si vdW heterojunction for ultravioletenhanced broadband photodetection,imaging,and secure optical communication

Broadband photodetection,spanning from ultraviolet(UV)to infrared(IR),is pivotal in diverse technological domains including astronomy,remote sensing,environmental monitoring,and medical diagnostics.However,current commercially available broadband photodetectors,predominately based on conventional narrow-bandgap semiconductors,exhibit limited sensitivity in the UV region.This limitation,stemming from the significant energy disparity between the semiconductor bandgap and UV photon,narrows their application scope.Herein,we report an innovative approach involving the in-situ van der Waals(vdW)integration of two-dimensional(2D)GeSe_(2)layers onto a Si substrate.This process yields a high-quality GeSe_(2)/Si vdW heterojunction device,which features a broad response range covering from UV to near-IR(NIR)with a greatly-enhanced sensitivity in the UV region.The device possesses high responsivities of 325 and 533.4 mA/W,large detectivities of 1.24×10^(13)and 2.57×10^(13)Jones,and fast response speeds of 20.6/82.1 and 17.7/81.0μs under 360 and 980 nm,respectively.Notably,the broadband image sensing and secure invisible optical communication capabilities of the GeSe_(2)/Si heterojunction device are demonstrated.Our work provides a viable approach for UV-enhanced broadband photodetection technology,opening up new possibilities and applications across various scientific and technological domains.

In situ construction of PtSe_(2)/Ge Schottky junction array with interface passivation for broadband infrared photodetection and imaging

Infrared(IR)detection is vital for various military and civilian applications.Recent research has highlighted the potential of two-dimensional(2D)topological semimetals in IR detection due to their distinctive advantages,including van der Waals(vdW)stacking,gapless electronic structure,and Van Hove singularities in the electronic density of states.However,challenges such as large-scale patterning,poor photoresponsivity,and high dark current of photodetectors based on 2D topological semimetals significantly impede their wider applications in low-energy photon sensing.Here,we demonstrate the in situ fabrication of PtSe_(2)/Ge Schottky junction by directly depositing 2D PtSe_(2) films with a vertical layer structure on a Ge substrate with an ultrathin AlOx layer.Due to high quality junction,the photodetector features a broadband response of up to 4.6μm,along with a high specific detectivity of�1012 Jones,and operates with remarkable stability in ambient conditions as well.Moreover,the highly integrated device arrays based on PtSe_(2)/AlOx/Ge Schottky junction showcases excellent Mid-IR(MIR)imaging capability at room temperature.These findings highlight the promising prospects of 2D topological semimetals for uncooled IR photodetection and imaging applications.

Doping suppresses lattice distortion of vacant quadruple perovskites to activate self-trapped excitons emission

The vacancy-ordered quadruple perovskite Cs_(4)CdBi_(2)Cl_(12),as a newly-emerging lead-free perovskite system,has attracted great research interest due to its excellent stability and direct band gap.However,the poor luminescence performance limits its application in light-emitting diodes(LEDs)and other fields.Herein,for the first time,an Ag^(+)ion doping strategy was proposed to greatly improve the emission performance of Cs_(4)CdBi_(2)Cl_(12) synthesized by hydrothermal method.Density functional theory calculations combined with experimental results evidence that the weak orange emission from Cs_(4)CdBi_(2)Cl_(12) is attributed to the phonon scattering and energy level crossing due to the large lattice distortion under excited states.Fortunately,Ag^(+)ion doping breaks the intrinsic crystal field environment of Cs_(4)CdBi_(2)Cl_(12),suppresses the crossover between ground and excited states,and reduces the energy loss in the form of nonradiative recombination.At a critical doping amount of 0.8%,the emission intensity of Cs_(4)CdBi_(2)Cl_(12):Ag^(+)reaches the maximum,about eight times that of the pristine sample.Moreover,the doped Cs_(4)CdBi_(2)Cl_(12) still maintains excellent stability against heat,ultraviolet irradiation,and environmental oxygen/moisture.The above advantages make it possible for this material to be used as solid-state phosphors for white LEDs applications,and the Commission International de I’Eclairage color coordinates of(0.31,0.34)and high color rendering index of 90.6 were achieved.More importantly,the white LED demonstrates remarkable operation stability in air ambient,showing almost no emission decay after a long working time for 48 h.We believe that this study puts forward an effective ion-doping strategy for emission enhancement of vacancy-ordered quadruple perovskite Cs_(4)CdBi_(2)Cl_(12),highlighting its great potential as efficient emitter compatible for practical applications.

In-situ fabrication of on-chip 1T'-MoTe_(2)/Ge Schottky junction photodetector for self-powered broadband infrared imaging and position sensing

High-sensitivity room-temperature multi-dimensional infrared(IR)detection is crucial for military and civilian purposes.Recently,the gapless electronic structures and unique optoelectrical properties have made the two-dimensional(2D)topological semimetals promising candidates for the realization of multifunctional optoelectronic devices.Here,we demonstrated the in-situ construction of high-performance 1T’-MoTe_(2)/Ge Schottky junction device by inserting an ultrathin AlOx passivation layer.The good detection performance with an ultra-broadband detection wavelength range of up to 10.6 micron,an ultrafast response time of~160 ns,and a large specific detectivity of over 109 Jones in mid-infrared(MIR)range surpasses that of most 2D materials-based IR sensors,approaching the performance of commercial IR photodiodes.The on-chip integrated device arrays with 64 functional detectors feature high-resolution imaging capability at room temperature.All these outstanding detection features have enabled the demonstration of position-sensitive detection applications.It demonstrates an exceptional position sensitivity of 14.9 mV/mm,an outstanding nonlinearity of 6.44%,and commendable trajectory tracking and optoelectronic demodulation capabilities.This study not only offers a promising route towards room-temperature MIR optoelectronic applications,but also demonstrates a great potential for application in optical sensing systems.