大语言模型赋能的高中英语个性化教学路径研究

大语言模型(LLMs,Large Language Models)作为人工智能时代的重要成果,逐步展现出其在教育领域,尤其是个性化教学方面的巨大潜力。面对全球化高度发展的今天,高中英语教学对培养学生英语素养的重要性日益凸显,传统的英语教学模式已不能满足当下学生个性化发展的要求。本文从高中英语教学角度出发,以ChatGPT为例,通过分析高中英语教学实际问题和个性化教学需求,指出基于大语言模型的高中英语个性化教学路径:提供智能化学习分析与诊断,个性化教学材料和活动设计,提供及时的互动和相应反馈,定制化学习进度与目标规划以及多样化学习资源与渠道拓展,以期为高中英语教学研究提供新的思路与实践方向。

Epidemiological survey on prevalence and associated risk factors of bitter taste among inpatients from four Grade 3A hospitals in Beijing

Objective:To study the possible etiology of bitter taste in the mouth and its diagnostic significance by an epidemiological survey on its associated diseases and influence factors.Methods:A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted by recruiting patients from four Grade 3A hospitals in Beijing.The questionnaire incorporated five aspects i.e.general information,gustation,behavior,symptomology and past medical history.SPSS20.0 software package was used for data analysis.T-test and chi-square test were selected for evaluation.An observation of the correlation between different causative factors and the symptoms of bitter taste was analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:Smoking and excessive consumption of meat and emotional stress were the risk factors,while eating fresh fruits and vegetables were key protective elements against the manifestation of bitter taste in the mouth.The incidence of bitter taste was high in patients suffering from gastroesophageal disease,hepatic and gallbladder diseases and neurological diseases.Conclusion:Bitter taste is a common symptom in hospitalized patients,especially in patients with gastroesophageal reflux and liver and gallbladder diseases and the link to smoking,dietary and emotional stress.It is found that smoking is a sole risk factor for the manifestation of bitter taste.

Geometric Calibration and Image Quality Assessment of High Resolution Dual-Camera Satellite

The evaluation of geometric calibration accuracy of high resolution satellite images has been increasingly recognized in recent years.In order to evaluate geometric accuracy for dual-camera satellite images based on the ground control points(GCP),a rigorous geometric imaging model,which was based on the collinear equation of the probe directional angle and the optimized tri-axial attitude determination(TRIAD)algorithm,is presented.Two reliable test fields in Tianjin and Jinan(China)were utilized for geometric accuracy validation of Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite-1.The experimental results demonstrate a certain deviation of the on-orbit calibration result from the initial design values of the calibration parameters.Therefore,on-orbit geometric calibration is necessary for optical satellite imagery.Within this research,the geometrical performances including positioning accuracy without/with GCP and band registration of the dual-camera satellite were analyzed in detail,and the results of geometric image quality are assessed and discussed.As a result,it is feasible and necessary to establish such a geometric calibration model to evaluate the geometric quality of dual-camera satellite.

Effects of Zingiber officinalis (WILLD.)ROSC.Membranes on minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized pragmatic trial

Objective:To evaluate the effects of dried ginger rhizome (DGR;Zingiber officinalis (WILLD.) ROSC.),prepared as a membrane,in minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis (miRAS)treatment and explore its mechanism of action by detecting changes in levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in saliva.Methods:Fifty-nine miRAS patients were enrolled in this study.The number of participants in the dried ginger rhizome membrane (DGRM) group was 30,and 29 were in the placebo membrane (PM) group.Sixty sealed envelopes containing either type of membrane were coded randomly.Investigators and participants were blinded to group assignments.A visual analog scale (VAS) was used for pain,follow-up information for healing time,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure the concentrations of EGF and TNF-α.Results:In terms of VAS,there was a significant difference between pre-and post-DGRM treatment (P <.001),but not so for the PM group (P >.05).A significant difference was observed in the healing time between the two groups (6.08 (2.712) vs.8.04 (2.142) days).The mean healing time in the DGRM group was shorter than that in the PM group (P <.05).In both groups,the salivary EGF concentration decreased significantly after treatment (P <.05),but the mean level in the DGRM group was significantly lower than that in the PM group (P <.05).The mean TNF-α level in both groups was increased significantly after treatment (P <.05),but patients who used DGRMs had a significantly lower level than that in the PM group (P <.05).Conclusion:The present study provides evidence that DGRMs are effective treatment for RAS.Dried ginger rhizome has obvious effects on pain relief,shortening of healing time,reducing the EGF level in saliva,and has an inhibitory effect on TNF-α release.

Neural Circuitry Involving Substance P in Male Sexual Behavior

Male sexual behavior is an innate social behavior crucial for reproduction[1].Previous studies have identified several brain regions crucial for the control of both sexual and aggressive behaviors in males.Yet,molecularly specified neural circuits that specifically control male sexual behavior remain elusive.Consistent with the inherently rewarding nature of sexual behavior,previous research has implicated the role of the dopamine system in regulating sexual desire[2].However,the interaction between reward and copulation at the circuit level remains largely unexplored.Besides,it is unclear if the associated neural pathways are specific in modulating sexual reward.

光梭成像及梯度自旋回波技术在MRCP应用中的优势

目的:探讨光梭成像(Ucs)及梯度自旋回波(GRASE)技术在MRCP应用中的价值。方法:本研究对象为2022年11月至2022年12月在中山大学附属第三医院行MRCP检查的30例患者。其中男15例,女15例;平均年龄(52±17)岁。患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。所有患者分别采用3种不同方案扫描:常规方案采用3D快速自旋回波技术结合并行采集、呼吸触发技术(RT);Ucs方案采用3D-Ucs技术结合RT的MRCP;快速GRASE方案采用3D快速自旋回波序列结合GRASE和屏气技术。客观评价:胆总管的信噪比(SNR)、对比度(CR)以及对比噪声比(CNR)。主观评价:两名10年以上腹部MRI诊断经验的放射科医师采用盲法5分标准对胆胰管的导管可见性、运动伪影、背景抑制、图像清晰度、整体图像质量进行单独评分,最后取5个指标的平均分。同时记录数据采集时间。结果:客观评价显示,Ucs方案组SNR中位数为13(9,18),明显高于常规方案组的8(5,11) (Z=3.73,P<0.05);Ucs方案组CNR为18(14,25),明显高于常规方案组的12(7,15) (Z=3.61,P<0.05)。主观评价显示,对于呼吸均匀患者,Ucs组5个指标评分均明显高于其他两组(P<0.05);对于呼吸紊乱患者,GRASE方案组导管可见性、运动伪影、背景抑制、图像整体质量指标评分均明显优于常规方案组(P<0.05);两位医师有较好的一致性(κ>0.8,P<0.05)。对于呼吸均匀患者,Ucs方案组数据采集时间较常规方案组缩短19%。对于呼吸紊乱患者,GRASE方案组数据采集时间较常规方案组缩短近92%,较Ucs方案组缩短近90%。结论:与常规扫描方案相比,对于呼吸均匀患者Ucs方案组图像质量和数据采集时间明显占优势;而对于呼吸紊乱患者,快速GRASE方案占优势。Ucs方案为主快速GRASE方案辅助的MRCP序列组合相比常规方案更加优化。

Toxicity and clinical reasonable application of Taoren(Semen Persicae) based on ancient and modern literature research

OBJECTIVE:To probe the toxicity and relative application theory of the commonly-used traditional Chinese herbal drug Taoren(Semen Persicae),and set up a correct attitude and principle and method to use Taoren(Semen Persicae) for treating the syndrome of stagnation of blood stasis and others in TCM clinic.METHODS:In this study,we analyzed and probed the ancient and modern literature research about Taoren(Semen Persicae),and summarized the realization of its toxicity and application contraindications in ancient herbals and the research assertion of its processing,drug-nature,pharmacologic actions,adverse reaction,and clinical reasonable application in modern literature.RESULTS:We found that some TCM doctors were worried about the effect of Taoren(Semen Persicae) 's disintegrating blood stasis to impair body's healthy Qi and its toxicity,and were not good at using this herb.And some patients were afraid of its toxic and side-effect not to take it.In the ancient and modern literatures some proper hates of Taoren(Semen Persicae) existed,and the toxicity component was also clear-cut,and the applications of Taoren(Semen Persicae) were in many fields especially the gynecological and traumatological diseases.The key root of toxicity generation and unreasonable application of Taoren(Semen Persicae) lies in taking without syndrome differentiation or using with overdosage.CONCLUSION:Under the precondition of correct processing,treatment based on syndrome differentiation,and taking the dosage stipulated by laws to apply Taoren(Semen Persicae) should be quite safe.The ancient and modern literature records and researches about Taoren(Semen Persicae) provide the determinate reference for understanding Taoren(Semen Persicae)'s efficacy and drug-nature(toxicity) more objectively and also for further correctly clinic recognition and research on Taoren(Semen Persicae).

人工智能辅助压缩感知技术在上腹部T2WI压脂序列中的应用

目的探讨人工智能辅助压缩感知(Acs)技术在上腹部T2WI压脂序列中的应用。方法本研究对象为2022年6月至2022年10月在中山大学附属第三医院行上腹部MRI检查的30例患者。患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。其中男21例,女9例;年龄31~76岁,中位年龄55岁。所有患者均分别采用常规并行采集(PI)方案和Acs方案进行磁共振扫描,PI组采用轴位、门控触发、频率选择饱和技术(AX-T2WI-FS-RT),Acs组采用Acs技术(AX-T2WI-FS-BH-Acs)。客观评价指标包括图像信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)、扫描时间等。两组比较采用配对t检验。两组图像质量评分和病灶检出数量比较采用Wilcoxon检验。2名医师的图像质量评分一致性评估采用Kappa检验。结果Acs组图像SNR平均为24.3±8.2,明显高于PI组11.7±4.4(t=13.00,P<0.05)。Acs组图像CNR为4.2±2.3,亦明显高于PI组的2.2±1.3(t=9.20,P<0.05)。Acs组扫描时间为66 s,明显短于PI组的156 s。Acs组图像质量评分中位数为4.4(4.3,4.6)分,明显高于PI组的4.1(3.4,4.4)分(Z=3.98,P<0.05)。对于呼吸紊乱患者,Acs组图像质量评分为4.6(4.3,4.7)分,亦明显高于PI组的3.4(3.1,3.4)分(Z=3.80,P<0.05)。两组病灶检出数量分别为1(0,3)、1(0,2)个,差异无统计学意义(Z=0.50,P>0.05)。2名医师的图像质量评分一致性强(κ=0.96)。结论与上腹部PI组AX-T2WI-FS-RT序列相比,Acs技术的T2WI-FS-BH-Acs序列可在不降低病灶检出率的前提下,明显缩短扫描时间,提高图像质量,尤其可极大提高呼吸紊乱患者检查图像质量。