Reaction of Oncomelania Hupensis to the Allelopathic Triterpene Sapogenin from Nerium Indicum

This paper has analyzed allelopathic effects ofNerium indicum on Oncomelania hupensis through triterpene sapogenins, a potential molluscicide. The snails were treated under six various concentrations （0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mg/L） of triterpene sapogenins and five periods （1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days）. The mortality of snails was positively correlated with the concentration of triterpene sapogenins and exposure time. The results ofprobit analysis showed that the LD50 （Lethal Dose, 50%） oftriterpenoid saponins from N. indicum by immersion for 2, 3, 4, 5 days were 78.31, 30.26, 20.50, 14.19 mg/L, respectively. And the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were 63.60-108.19, 9.49-44.42, 2.86-30.90, 0.23-22.79 mg/L, respectively. The observations of both scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope proved that 40 mg/L triterpene sapogenins could cause apparent damage to the structure of soft tissue, liver and intestine of O. hupensis. The esterase （EST） isozyme electrophoresis in liver of O. hupensis treated by 40 mg/L of the concentrations lixivium of the triterpene sapogenins from N. indicum was analyzed for 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 h, respectively. The activity of enzyme was higher than control water group after been treated up to 24-48 h, and then lowered and disappeared after 72 h. It was implicated that the extracted triterpene sapogenin from N. indicum were promising for controlling the snail, which were also providing the foundation for constructing plant community of oleander to control O. hupensis.

长江流域城市合作网络对绿色发展效率的影响

绿色发展是顺应自然、促进人与自然和谐共生的发展,是用最少资源环境代价取得最大经济社会效益的发展,是高质量、可持续的发展。2021年成立的“‘一带一路’城市绿色发展合作联盟”提出利用全球的城市网络进一步推动人与自然和谐共生。文章通过量化长江流域总计11个城市间合作申请的绿色相关专利数据情况,构建合作网络数量模型并测算合作指数,分析了各城市间绿色发展效率,从而评价各省份之间的合作关系及绿色发展水平。借助SBM-DEA方法和Tobit回归分析比较长江流域各城市在不同合作强度下的绿色发展(效率)水平变化,得出长江流域城市合作网络对绿色发展效率的影响,并结合我国当下绿色发展的相关战略与措施,提出一定的建议与看法。

基于高校植物学课程的生物科普教育探索

科学普及作为创新发展的两翼之一,是提高国民科学素质的重要途径。高校作为传播知识和培养人才的主阵地,承担着科普教育的社会责任。在生物学课程中开展科普教育,引导学生从课程中提炼生物学知识点并创作科普内容,对于推动全民科学素质提升具有重要意义。该文以高校植物学课程为例,探讨如何通过传授植物学专业知识,在实践活动、科研成果宣传及生产生活中融入生物科普教育,以“2W1H(为什么科普、科普什么以及怎样进行科普)”的思路引导学生进行科普创作,在培养学生综合创新能力的同时普及生物学知识,为全民科学普及背景下科普人才的培养提供借鉴参考。

The AaBBX21–AaHY5 module mediates light-regulated artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.

The sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin is an important anti-malarial component produced by the glandular secretory trichomes of sweet wormwood(Artemisia annua L.).Light was previously shown to promote artemisinin production,but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive.In this study,we demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5(HY5),a central transcription factor in the light signaling pathway,cannot promote artemisinin biosynthesis on its own,as the binding of AaHY5 to the promoters of artemisinin biosynthetic genes failed to activate their transcription.Transcriptome analysis and yeast two-hybrid screening revealed the B-box transcription factor AaBBX21 as a potential interactor with AaHY5.AaBBX21 showed a trichome-specific expression pattern.Additionally,the AaBBX21–AaHY5 complex cooperatively activated transcription from the promoters of the downstream genes AaGSW1,AaMYB108,and AaORA,encoding positive regulators of artemisinin biosynthesis.Moreover,AaHY5 and AaBBX21 physically interacted with the A.annua E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1(COP1).In the dark,AaCOP1 decreased the accumulation of AaHY5 and AaBBX21 and repressed the activation of genes downstream of the AaHY5–AaBBX21 complex,explaining the enhanced production of artemisinin upon light exposure.Our study provides insights into the central regulatory mechanism by which light governs terpenoid biosynthesis in the plant kingdom.

Integrated framework for space-and energy-efficient retrofitting in multifunctional buildings:A synergy of agent-based modeling and performance-based modeling

This research investigates retrofitting strategies for multifunctional spaces within educational buildings,employing agent-based and performance-based modeling to support decision-making.An experimental matrix was developed,reflecting three usage scenarios(reading,exhibition,lecture)across four retrofitting schemes.An agent-based model was developed to delineate intricate human behaviors in space and examined the self-organizing behaviors of 30 agents for each scheme in every scenario,evaluating six metrics on spatial efficiency and visual experience.Calibrated models,derived from real data and processed through DesignBuilder software,evaluated three metrics:energy use,thermal comfort,and visual comfort.The research then incorporated metrics from the agent-based model and performance simulation to develop a method for discussing the decision-making process in retrofit strategies.The findings indicate that the optimal retrofitting solution for multifunctional spaces is heavily influenced by the distribution of usage scenarios.Given the substantial influence of space metrics on selecting the optimal retrofit scheme,the proposed framework effectively facilitates decision-making for building retrofits by providing a holistic evaluation of both spatial and energy criteria.

财务智能化背景下企业财务BP岗位实践——以W公司为例

数字化转型热潮为企业财务组织架构带来重大调整甚至重构挑战,财务已逐步从“以核算为重点”转变为“以业财融合、战略管理为重点”。在此背景下,为了满足企业对业务管理的更高需求及保证企业多业务同步健康发展的需要,财务业务伙伴(business partner,BP)岗位应运而生,并逐步发展成为财务智能化背景下企业数字化财务三支柱体系的重要基石。本文立足于对W公司的深入访谈和调研,简述了企业数字化财务体系以及财务BP的岗位职责,并以W公司“送货上门业务项目组”财务BP岗位实践为例,从预算管理、财务分析、方案优化、风险管控的职能层次深度剖析财务BP在送货上门项目组的具体职责承担和实施成效。最后,本文从推动人才培养、提升合作氛围、促进业财融合等角度对W公司财务BP岗位的实践成效进行了总结,以期为财务智能化背景下企业业务发展提供经验借鉴和管理启示。

Distribution of aromatic amines,phenols,chlorobenzenes,and naphthalenes in the surface sediment of the Dianchi Lake,China

Organic pollutants are widespread environmental pollutants with high toxicity,persistence,and bioaccumulation.Our aim was to investigate the distribution of aromatic amines,phenols,chlorobenzenes,and naphthalenes in the surface sediment of the Dianchi Lake,China.Nineteen surface sediment samples were collected from the Dianchi Lake,and 40 types of organic pollutants were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The total organic pollutant concentrations in the surface sediment of the Dianchi Lake varied from 27.4 to 1.62×10^3 ng/g.The concentrations of phenols were much higher than those in other water bodies but still within a controllable range,whereas the concentrations of the other organic pollutant classes were similar or even lower.The detection ratio of 3-or 4-methylphenol was the highest(100.00%)among the pollutants.The average total organic pollutant concentrations decreased in the following order:Caohai(540 ng/g)>the middle of Waihai(488 ng/g)>the edge of Waihai(351 ng/g)>Haigeng Dam(90.4 ng/g).Pearson analysis showed a strong correlation among 1-methylnaphthalene,2-methylnaphthalene,1,3-dinitronaphthalene,and 1,4-dinitronaphthalene(P<0.01).Caohai,the north lakeshore of Waihai and the south of Waihai showed higher risk because of high concentration;meanwhile,1,4-dichlorobenzene,3-or 4-methylphenol and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene were mor e likely to cause risks.

Depositing the PtNi nanoparticles on niobium oxide to enhance the activity and CO-tolerance for alkaline methanol electrooxidation

Direct methanol fuel cells have the advantages of simple system,convenient operation,high conversion rate and low carbon emission,which are considered as the environmental and friendly energy conversion devices.How-ever,the low activity,CO-tolerance and high cost of anode catalysts restrict the large-scale commercial appli-cations.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to design and construct the anodic catalysts with high activity,stability and low cost for methanol oxidation reaction.In this work,the PtM/Nb_(2)O_(5)-C(M=Co,Sn,Ni)catalysts are synthesized by the ethylene glycol solvothermal method using transition metal oxide Nb_(2)O_(5)as the support.The catalytic performance of different catalysts is further evaluated for alkaline MOR.The results show that the introduction of Ni(existing in Ni^(2+)and Ni^(3+))has the most obvious improvement for alkaline MOR performance.By adjusting the doped ratio of Pt:Ni,it is shown that PtNi/Nb_(2)O_(5)-C has the highest mass activity(3877.9 mA-mg_(pt)^(-1)),12 times that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst.CV,LSV,Tafel and EIS analyses show that PtNi/Nb_(2)O_(5)-C has the lowest onset potential and charge transfer resistance,and the fastest electrocatalytic oxidation rate of methanol.CA tests show that the electrochemical stability is also significantly improved with the introduction of Nb_(2)O_(5)and Ni.Combined with the structural characterization and electrochemical tests,it is found that the evident electronic effect among Pt and Ni,Nb_(2)O_(5)and the hydroxyl brought from Ni species are mainly ascribed for enhancing the activity,CO resistance and stability of PtNi/Nb_(2)O_(5)-C.