Sedimentary Facies Characteristics of Chang 6 and Chang 7 Members of Yanchang Formation in Heshui Area, China

This paper takes Chang 6 and Chang 7 of Yanchang Formation in Heshui area of China as the research object. This study first divides the strata of Chang 6 and Chang 7. According to the review data, significant geological activities have caused a large settlement of the strata in this area. During the Chang 6 period, a lacustrine basin sedimentary system developed, reaching its peak in the Chang 7 period. The Chang 6 and Chang 7 members primarily feature deep-water gravity flow sedimentary systems, which can be categorized into three subfacies: outer fan, middle fan, and inner fan. These systems also exhibit turbidite fan sedimentary patterns, ranging from deep lake to semi-deep lake facies. By examining these sedimentary models, we can identify different types of turbidite deposits. Understanding the process of gravity flow deposition and the evolution of ancient lakes is crucial for guiding oil and gas exploration and conducting paleogeographic research.

Traditional Chinese medicine Pien-Tze-Huang ameliorates LPS-induced sepsis through bile acid-mediated activation of TGR5-STAT3-A20 signalling

Pien Tze Huang(PZH),a class-1 nationally protected traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),has been used to treat liver diseases such as hepatitis;however,the effect of PZH on the progression of sepsis is unknown.Here,we reported that PZH attenuated lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced sepsis in mice and reduced LPS-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages by inhibiting the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signalling.Mechanistically,PZH stimulated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)phosphorylation to induce the expression of A20,which could inhibit the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling.Knockdown of the bile acid(BA)receptor G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1(TGR5)in macrophages abolished the effects of PZH on STAT3 phosphorylation and A20 induction,as well as the LPS-induced inflammatory response,suggesting that BAs in PZH may mediate its anti-inflammatory effects by activating TGR5.Consistently,deprivation of BAs in PZH by cholestyramine resin reduced the effects of PZH on the expression of phosphorylated-STAT3 and A20,the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling,and the production of proinflammatory cytokines,whereas the addition of BAs to cholestyramine resin-treated PZH partially restored the inhibitory effects on the production of proinflammatory cytokines.Overall,our study identifies BAs as the effective components in PZH that activate TGR5-STAT3-A20 signalling to ameliorate LPS-induced sepsis.

Effect of phosphorus content on interfacial heat transfer and film deposition behavior during the high-temperature simulation of strip casting

The interfacial wettability and heat transfer behavior are crucial in the strip casting of high phosphorus-containing steel.A hightemperature simulation of strip casting was conducted using the droplet solidification technique with the aims to reveal the effects of phosphorus content on interfacial wettability,deposited film,and interfacial heat transfer behavior.Results showed that when the phosphorus content increased from 0.014wt%to 0.406wt%,the mushy zone enlarged,the complete solidification temperature delayed from1518.3 to 1459.4℃,the final contact angle decreased from 118.4°to 102.8°,indicating improved interfacial contact,and the maximum heat flux increased from 6.9 to 9.2 MW/m2.Increasing the phosphorus content from 0.081wt%to 0.406wt%also accelerated the film deposition rate from 1.57 to 1.73μm per test,resulting in a thickened naturally deposited film with increased thermal resistance that advanced the transition point of heat transfer from the fifth experiment to the third experiment.

Optimized scheduling of integrated energy systems for low carbon economy considering carbon transaction costs

With the introduction of the“dual carbon”goal and the continuous promotion of low-carbon development,the integrated energy system(IES)has gradually become an effective way to save energy and reduce emissions.This study proposes a low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for an IES that considers carbon trading costs.With the goal of minimizing the total operating cost of the IES and considering the transferable and curtailable characteristics of the electric and thermal flexible loads,an optimal scheduling model of the IES that considers the cost of carbon trading and flexible loads on the user side was established.The role of flexible loads in improving the economy of an energy system was investigated using examples,and the rationality and effectiveness of the study were verified through a comparative analysis of different scenarios.The results showed that the total cost of the system in different scenarios was reduced by 18.04%,9.1%,3.35%,and 7.03%,respectively,whereas the total carbon emissions of the system were reduced by 65.28%,20.63%,3.85%,and 18.03%,respectively,when the carbon trading cost and demand-side flexible electric and thermal load responses were considered simultaneously.Flexible electrical and thermal loads did not have the same impact on the system performance.In the analyzed case,the total cost and carbon emissions of the system when only the flexible electrical load response was considered were lower than those when only the flexible thermal load response was taken into account.Photovoltaics have an excess of carbon trading credits and can profit from selling them,whereas other devices have an excess of carbon trading and need to buy carbon credits.

Unraveling the coordination behavior and transformation mechanism of Cr^(3+) in Fe–Cr redox flow battery electrolytes

Currently,the iron chromium redox flow battery(ICRFB)has become a research hotspot in the energy storage field owing to its low cost and easily-scaled-up.However,the activity of electrolyte is still ambiguous due to its complicated solution environment.Herein,we performed a pioneering investigation on the coordination behavior and transformation mechanism of Cr^(3+)in electrolyte and prediction of impurity ions impact through quantum chemistry computations.Based on the structure and symmetry of electrostatic potential distribution,the activity of different Cr^(3+)complex ions is confirmed as[Cr(H2O)5Cl]^(2+)>[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]+>[Cr(H2O)6]^(3+).The transformation mechanism between[Cr(H2O)6]^(3+)and[Cr(H2O)5Cl]^(2+)is revealed.We find the metal impurity ions(especially Mg^(2+))can exacerbate the electrolyte deactivation by reducing the transformation energy barrier from[Cr(H2O)5Cl]^(2+)(24.38 kcal mol^(−1))to[Cr(H2O)6]^(3+)(16.23 kcal mol^(−1)).The solvent radial distribution and mean square displacement in different solvent environments are discussed and we conclude that the coordination configuration limits the diffusivity of Cr^(3+).This work provides new insights into the activity of electrolyte,laying a fundamental sense for the electrolyte in ICRFB.

Monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents in oncology and antibody gene therapy

Antibodies as therapeutic agents are mostly used in oncology, as illustrated by their applications in lymphoma, breast cancer or colorectal cancer. This review provides a brief historical sketch of the development of monoclonal antibodies for cancer treatment and summarizes the most significant clinical data for the best-established reagents to date. It also discusses strategies to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of antibody therapy, including antibody gene therapy and exploitation of bone marrow derived primary mesenchymal stem cells as the antibody gene transporter.

Construction of a Bronsted-Lewis solid acid catalyst La-PW-SiO_(2)/SWCNTs based on electron withdrawing effect of La(Ⅲ)onπbond of SWCNTs for biodiesel synthesis from esterification of oleic acid and methanol

A novel solid Bronsted-Lewis acid catalyst La-PW-SiO_(2)/SWCNTs(single-wall carbon nanotubes)was synthesized from the synergistic modification of H_(3)PW_(12)O_(40)(HPW)by single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with sidewall hydroxyl groups(SWCNTs–OH)and La^(3+) via sol–gel method.The freshly prepared catalyst was characterized by several methods,and the catalytic activity and stability of it were studied from the esterification of oleic acid and methanol.Results showed that the highest conversion of oleic acid was 93.1%(mass)and maintained as high as 88.7%(mass)after six cycles of La-PW-SiO_(2)/SWCNTs.The high catalytic activity and stability of La-PW-SiO_(2)/SWCNTs can be attributed to the strong electron withdrawing effect of La^(3+) on π bond of SWCNTs,because it can facilitate the formation of a large number of strong Lewis acid sites.Therefore,the reduction of catalytic activity of a solid acid catalyst due to the fact that hydration reaction of its Bronsted acid sites can be effectively reduced.La-PW-SiO_(2)/SWCNTs can be an efficient and economical catalyst,because it shows good catalytic activity and stability.

RM-CSTV:An effective high-resolution method of non-line-of-sight millimeter-wave radar 3-D imaging

Non-line-of-sight(NLOS)imaging is a novel radar sensing technology that enables the reconstruction of hidden targets.However,it may suffer from synthetic aperture length reduction caused by ambient occlusion.In this study,a complex total variation(CTV)regularization-based sparse reconstruction method for NLOS three-dimensional(3-D)imaging by millimeter-wave(mm W)radar,named RM-CSTV method,is proposed to improve imaging quality and speed.In this scheme,the NLOS imaging model is first introduced,and associated geometric constraints for NLOS objects are established.Second,an effective high-resolution NLOS imaging method based on the range migration(RM)kernel and complex sparse joint total variation constraint,dubbed as modified RM-CSTV,is proposed for 3-D high-resolution imaging with edge information.The experiments with multi-type NLOS targets show that the proposed RM-CSTV method can provide effective and high-resolution NLOS targets 3-D imaging.

Computed tomography-based delta radiomics of tumor core_edge combination for systemic treatment response evaluation in pancreatic cancer

Background:As a systemic disease,pancreatic cancer(PC)can be treated systemically to raise the R0 resection rate and enhance patient prognosis.The best ways to assess the treatment response to systemic treatment of patients with PC are still lacking.Methods:A total of 122 PC patients were enrolled;25 of these patients were used as an independent testing set.According to the pathologic response,PC patients were classified into the responder and nonresponder groups.The whole tumor,core,edge,and peritumoral were segmented from the enhanced computed tomography(CT)images.Machine-learning models were created by extracting the variations in radionics features before and after therapy(delta radiomics features).Finally,we compared the performance of models based on radiomics features,changes in tumor markers,and radiologic evaluation.Results:The model based on the core(area under curve[AUC]=0.864)and edge features(AUC=0.853)showed better performance than that based on the whole tumor(AUC=0.847)or peritumoral area(AUC=0.846).Moreover,the tumor core_edge combination model(AUC=0.899)could better increase confidence in treatment response than using either of them alone.The accuracies of models based on changes in tumor markers and radiologic evaluation were relatively poorer than of the radiomics model.Moreover,Patients predicted to respond to therapy using the radiomics model showed a relatively longer overall survival(43 vs 27 months),although there were no significant differences(P=.063).Conclusions:The tumor core_edge combination delta radiomics model is an effective approach to evaluate pathologic response in PC patients with systemic treatment.

Examining the characteristics between time and distance gaps of secondary crashes

Understanding the characteristics of time and distance gaps between the primary(PC)and secondary crashes(SC)is crucial for preventing SC ccurrences and improving road safety.Although previous studies have tried to analyse the variation of gaps,there is limited evidence in quantifying the relationships between different gaps and various influential factors.This study proposed a two-layer stacking framework to discuss the time and distance gaps.Specifically,the framework took random forests(RF),gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT)and eXtreme gradient boosting as the base classifiers in the first layer and applied logistic regression(LR)as a combiner in the second layer.On this basis,the local interpretable model-agnostic explanations(LIME)technology was used to interpret the output of the stacking model from both local and global perspectives.Through SC dentification and feature selection,346 SCs and 22 crash-related factors were collected from California interstate freeways.The results showed that the stacking model outperformed base models evaluated by accuracy,precision,and recall indicators.The explanations based on LIME suggest that collision type,distance,speed and volume are the critical features that affect the time and distance gaps.Higher volume can prolong queue length and increase the distance gap from the SCs to PCs.And collision types,peak periods,workday,truck involved and tow away likely induce a long-distance gap.Conversely,there is a shorter distance gap when secondary roads run in the same direction and are close to the primary roads.Lower speed is a significant factor resulting in a long-time gap,while the higher speed is correlated with a short-time gap.These results are expected to provide insights into how contributory features affect the time and distance gaps and help decision-makers develop accurate decisions to prevent SCs.

把握机会窗口期减缓气候变化对中国居民健康影响

随着中国总人口的不断增加以及改革开放以来经济的飞速发展,中国面临来自气候变化的健康威胁也在不断上升.与此同时,中国也处于一个独特的机遇窗口期,如果能够有效应对气候变化带来的健康风险,将造福今后几代人的健康.反之,如果没有及时、充分的应对措施,气候变化对中国居民健康和生命的威胁将与日俱增.为了推动更及时且有利于改善人群健康的气候应对行动,由清华大学牵头建立的柳叶刀倒计时亚洲中心在全球柳叶刀倒计时工作的基础上[1,2],从2020年开始,聚焦气候变化对中国人群健康的影响进行全面且系统的评估[3,4].

Study on rapid calculation and imaging simulation of aircraft infrared radiation characteristics

The infrared radiation characteristics of aircraft are a key focus in attack-defense confrontation and early warning detection.A rapid simulation method for calculating the infrared characteristics of targets is proposed by combining the discrete trans-fer method.By constructing the aerodynamic shape of a Su-27-like aircraft,the flow field parameters and skin temperature under cruise conditions were calculated.The proposed method was used to generate infrared images and calculate infrared radia-tion intensity at various detection angles,and perform speed tests.The results indicate that this method has high accuracy;the generated infrared image is clear,accurate,and can be used to identify the characteristic attributes of the target.In the pitch detection plane,the total infrared radiation intensity of the aircraft exhibits a“8”distribution,with the fuselage contributing the most(approximately 50%).In the yaw plane,the vertical stabilizer’s infrared radiation intensity shows a lobed distribu-tion,with peaks at 60°and 120°.The method can achieve a calculation speed of four times per second for a single detection angle,meeting real-time processing require-ments and providing valuable data for infrared target recognition algorithms.

A planar compound eye based microsystem for high precision 3D perception

Three-dimensional(3D)panoramic vision system plays a fundamental role in the biological perception of external information,and naturally becomes a key system for embodied intelligence to interact with the outside world.A binocular vision system with rotating eyeball has long baseline,large volume and weak sensitivity to motion.A compound eye system has small volume,high sensitivity to motion but poor precision.Here,a planar compound eye microsystem for high precision 3D perception is proposed by combining semiconductor manufacturing process and biological compound eye structure.Using a semiconductor planar image sensor as the sensing unit,a space-coded planar sub-eye array is designed and its sub field of view(FOV)is dynamically mapped to the image sensor.It solves the problem that a traditional vision system cannot simultaneously accommodate wide FOV with long focal length and high sensitivity to motion with high resolution.The parallax among different subeyes enables the system to accurately perceive and dynamically track the 3D position of the target in the range of 10 m and within the FOV of 120°in a single compound eye.This system is of great significance in the fields of intelligent robot and intelligent perception.

以气候行动助力健康老龄化

在中国宣布碳中和目标以及频繁遭受极端气候事件的背景下,2021年以来中国社会对气候变化的关注度持续高涨.与此同时,随着中国人口老龄化趋势愈加明显,气候变化所带来的健康风险问题日益突出.采取健康友好型的气候变化应对策略及碳中和实现路径,将可以有效减少人类(尤其是老年人群)的空气污染暴露情况.这方面的行动不仅有助于改善人类健康和福祉,还能够促进经济社会的高质量发展.

核内小体的复杂结构与多样化功能

核内小体是定位于细胞核内的无膜结构,为多蛋白-RNA复合体,通过招募相关蛋白参与基因转录、RNA剪切、表观遗传调控、肿瘤发生与抑制及抗病毒防御等多种细胞活动。明确核内小体蛋白的形成过程、功能和调控机制对研究相关疾病与病毒-宿主作用机制均具有重要意义。以下以几种核内小体蛋白为例,对核内小体的形成方式、结构与功能进行综述,并重点阐述其在抗病毒感染中的重要作用,期望为宿主抗病毒免疫机制研究提供一个新的靶标。

Increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in manured agricultural soils in northern China

Land application of manure tends to result in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment.In this study,the influence of long-term manure application on the enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)in agricultural soils was investigated.All the analyzed eight ARGs(tetA,tetW,tetX,sull,sulll,ermF,aac(6')-Ib-cr and blaTEM)and two MGEs(intJJ and Tn916/1545)were detected in both the manured and control soils,with relative abundances ranging from 10^-6 to 10^-2 Compared with the control soil,the relative abundances of ARGs and MGEs in manured soils were enriched 1.0-18.1 fold and 0.6-69.1 fold,respectively.High-throughput sequencing analysis suggested that at the phylum level,the bacteria carrying intll and ermF might be mainly affiliated with Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The dominant genera carrying intll and ermF cow\d be Pseudomonas and Bacteroides,independent of manure application.Correlation analysis revealed that ARGs had strong links with soil physicochemical properties(TC,TN,and OM),heavy metals(Cu,Zn and Pb)and MGEs,indicating that the profile and spread of ARGs might be driven by the combined impacts of multiple factors.In contrast,soil pH and C/N exhibited no significant relationships with ARGs.Our findings provide evidence that long-term manure application could enhance the prevalence and stimulate the propagation of antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils.

Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in freshwater fish of Dongting Lake,China:Effects of feeding habits,habitat preferences and body size

We measured the concentrations of Cr,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb and Hg,and the stable isotope ratios(δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N)in 87 fish samples within 12 economic fish species collected from the Dongting Lake,the second largest freshwater lake in China.With few exceptions in concentration of Cr,most of fish species showed lower concentrations of the 8 metals than legislation thresholds.Piscivorous fishes had significantly higher values of δ^(15)N(possessing higher trophic level)and metal concentrations than planktivorous and herbivorous fishes.Moreover,demersal fishes showed higher concentrations of Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb than pelagic and benthopelagic fishes.We found positive correlations between concentrations of Fe,Pb and Hg and δ^(15)N ratio,confirming the biomagnification of the three metals through trophic transfer.In contrast,fishes showed clear growth dilution effect for Ni,Zn,Cu,Pb and Hg,indicated by the negative correlations between their concentrations and fish weight or length.Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that growth dilution and biomagnification effects simultaneously governed the metal concentrations in fish muscle,and the two effects'importance varied among different metals.The human health risk assessment indicated that all 8 metals gave target hazard quotient(THQ)values<1.0,i.e.,the estimated daily intake(EDI)of metals did not exceed the oral reference dose(Rf D),indicating a safe consumption of these fish species for consumer.Our study provides comprehensive approaches to better understand the determining processes and potential risk of heavy metals in freshwater lake fishes.

预复合包套技术制备的高性能(Ba,K)Fe_(2)As_(2)铁基超导带材

铁基超导材料因具有极高的上临界磁场和较小的各向异性,在高磁场领域具有独特的应用优势.铁基超导材料实用化研究的一个主要目标是制造出低成本和高临界电流密度的超导线材和带材.使用铜银复合包套代替纯银包套制备铁基超导带材可以减少昂贵的银的使用,从而显著降低成本.本文通过预复合工艺制备了(Ba,K)Fe_(2)As_(2)铜银复合包套带材,有效减少了包套中的间隙气体,增强了复合金属包套的界面结合.预复合带材在750℃烧结3 h后,实现了6.2×10^(4)A cm^(-2)(4.2 K,10 T)的高临界电流密度.通过微结构与成分表征发现,高致密度的超导芯、大尺寸晶粒和均匀的元素分布是获得高临界电流密度的主要原因.以上研究结果表明,预复合包套技术为制备高性能、低成本的铁基超导线材和带材提供了一种可行的方法,具有良好的应用前景.

Investigating the function of Akt by tet-off inducible expression system

A tet-off inducible cell line named BBT derived from BA/F3β cell line was constructed and the effect of this inducible expression system was significant when detected by tet-off responded luciferase reporter gene assay. Then tet-off responded Akt expression plasmid was transfected into BBT cells, and the stable cell lines were screened. The result of Northern blot showed that the expression of akt was significantly inducible. The clone with the best inducible effect was selected and named BBA for investigating the function of Akt. We found that Akt could significantly inhibit zinc-induced decrease of cell viability when assayed by MTT method. And the flow cytometric analysis showed that Akt could markedly repress zinc-induced apoptosis.

Protein post-translational modification by lysine succinylation:Biochemistry,biological implications,and therapeutic opportunities

Lysine succinylation(Ksuc)is a novel protein post-translational modification(PTM)wherein a succinyl group modifies a lysine residue.Ksuc leads to significant chemical and struc-tural changes to the modified protein.Recent studies have shown that Ksuc might play an important role in organism physiology and some pathophysiological processes,such as tumor-igenesis and metabolic diseases.To provide an understanding of the molecular mechanism and functions of Ksuc in different organisms,we reviewed the current literature about Ksuc,mainly summarizing the research advances in eukaryotes and prokaryotes based on both traditional study methods and site prediction tools.We also discussed inhibitors or activators associated with Ksuc that may contribute to proteomic studies and could be useful in future clinical prac-tice.A deeper understanding of Ksuc may shed new light on life science at the protein level and could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases.