材料与化工领域“项目制”专业学位硕士研究生培养模式研究

本文分析了材料与化工专业学位研究生培养存在的问题,在此基础上探讨了“项目制”培养专业学位研究生的模式,包括建立联合培养基地,改革招生方式,实行“双平台”教学、“专业实践-科创实践-学位论文”一体化、“双导师制”和“企业评价-学校评价”一体化等方式方法,必将强有力促进材料化工行业高层次创新型复合人才的培养。

MXene/MnO_(2)对有机微污染物的类芬顿氧化降解效能与机理

芬顿高级氧化技术是降解有机微污染物的有效手段.过一硫酸盐(PMS)类芬顿技术因具有高效的氧化剂利用率和较宽的pH操作范围,已成为目前工业中过氧化氢芬顿技术的一种有前途的替代品.非均相催化剂能够有效活化PMS,产生多种活性自由基,从而氧化降解有机微污染物.二维过渡金属碳化物/氮化物(MXene)具有较好的电子传输效率和可调的表面官能团,是一种良好的非均相催化材料.然而,MXene的不稳定性、反应体系的自聚集作用和不明确的活性氧(ROS)生成机制极大地限制了它们在实际环境中的广泛应用.鉴于剥离的MXene中钛的高反应活性缺陷可以原位锚定过渡金属材料,本文通过氧化还原策略,将MnO_(2)纳米颗粒原位沉积在MXene纳米片上制备了MXene/MnO_(2)复合材料.X射线衍射图中(002)峰的偏移、透射电镜和电子衍射环图中交错的晶格条纹等表征结果表明,MnO_(2)纳米颗粒均匀地负载在剥离的MXene纳米片上.X射线光电子能谱证实了MXene表面钛缺陷与MnO_(2)纳米颗粒通过氧化还原作用相连接.同时,通过调整反应时间确定了18 h原位沉积制备的MXene/MnO_(2)具有最佳的产率和双酚A降解速率.此时的复合材料能够在4 min内活化PMS去除95.9%的BPA(50 mg/L),矿化效率达到了51.2%,表现出较好的催化性能.电子顺磁共振和淬灭实验结果表明,MXene/MnO_(2)活化PMS降解BPA为非自由基途径.实验观察结合密度泛函理论计算表明,大量暴露的锰位点有效吸附并活化PMS,从而促进了单线态氧的产生.通过高价Mn-oxo相直接生成1O_(2)的普遍途径具有较高的能垒(3.34 eV).相比之下,•OOH作为中间体产生1O_(2)的途径(1.84 eV)在能量上更可行.得益于MXene的快速电荷转移能力和MnO_(2)强PMS活化能力的双重优势,工程化的MXene/MnO_(2)/PVDF催化膜对京密引水渠河水中的有机微污染物表现出高效的活性和出色的长期稳定性.综上,本文通过氧化还原原位生长策略制得了MXene/MnO_(2)催化剂,并深入研究了其在类芬顿反应中催化降解有机微污染物的性能.通过实验表征和理论计算相结合的方法,揭示了该催化剂对有机微污染物的降解机理.本研究不仅为MXene基催化剂的设计和合成提供了新的思路,也为开发可广泛应用于实际水体中处理有机微污染物的催化剂提供了参考.

A dual redox-active and robust polymer enables ultrafast and durable proton-storage capability

Aqueous proton batteries(APBs) offer a viable and attractive option in the field of affordable and sustainable energy solutions.Organic polymers are highly favored due to their environmentally friendly manufacturability and malleable molecular configurations,making them suitable materials for constructing APB electrodes.Nonetheless,their currently limited capacity for proton-associated redox reactions poses a challenge to the widespread usage.Herein,we have developed a highly redox-active organic polymer(PTA) tailored for APB applications.The inclusion of dual redox-active moieties in the extended nconjugated frameworks not only enhances the redox activity and refines the electronic properties,but also ensures the high structural integrity of the PTA polymer.When used as an electrode,the PTA polymer has a notable ability to store protons,with a large capacity of 213.99 mA h g^(-1) at 1 A g^(-1) and exceptional long-term stability,as evidenced by retaining 94.6% of its initial capacity after 20,000 cycles.In situ techniques alongside theoretical calculations have unveiled efficient redox processes occurring at C=N and C=O redox-active sites within the PTA electrode upon proton uptake/removal.Furthermore,a softpackage APB device has been assembled with impressive electrochemical behaviors and excellent operational lifespan,accentuating its significant promise for real-world deployment.

Composition optimization and performance prediction for ultra-stable water-based aerosol based on thermodynamic entropy theory

Water-based aerosol is widely used as an effective strategy in electro-optical countermeasure on the battlefield used to the preponderance of high efficiency,low cost and eco-friendly.Unfortunately,the stability of the water-based aerosol is always unsatisfactory due to the rapid evaporation and sedimentation of the aerosol droplets.Great efforts have been devoted to improve the stability of water-based aerosol by using additives with different composition and proportion.However,the lack of the criterion and principle for screening the effective additives results in excessive experimental time consumption and cost.And the stabilization time of the aerosol is still only 30 min,which could not meet the requirements of the perdurable interference.Herein,to improve the stability of water-based aerosol and optimize the complex formulation efficiently,a theoretical calculation method based on thermodynamic entropy theory is proposed.All the factors that influence the shielding effect,including polyol,stabilizer,propellant,water and cosolvent,are considered within calculation.An ultra-stable water-based aerosol with long duration over 120 min is obtained with the optimal fogging agent composition,providing enough time for fighting the electro-optic weapon.Theoretical design guideline for choosing the additives with high phase transition temperature and low phase transition enthalpy is also proposed,which greatly improves the total entropy change and reduce the absolute entropy change of the aerosol cooling process,and gives rise to an enhanced stability of the water-based aerosol.The theoretical calculation methodology contributes to an abstemious time and space for sieving the water-based aerosol with desirable performance and stability,and provides the powerful guarantee to the homeland security.

Health effects of fruit juices and beverages with varying degrees of processing

The degree of processing is rarely considered an independent factor in the health effects of fruit juices and beverages(FJBs)consumption.In fact,the consumption of ultra-processed foods has been shown to pose health risks.In this study,we first integrated 4 systems used to classify the degree of food processing and then classified FJBs into three major categories,low(minimal),moderate and high.Second,we compared the differences in attitudes towards FJBs in dietary guidelines.Third,we integrated the results of existing epidemiological surveys,randomized controlled trials,and animal experiments to explore the health risks associated with consuming FJBs.Deepening the processing of FJBs has been found to lead to an increased risk of diseases.Dietary pattern,nutrients,addition agents and consumer preferences may be influential factors.Finally,we investigated whether there were any changes in the health benefits of 100%fruit juices produced by different processing methods.In conclusion,minimally/moderately processed 100%fruit juices provide more health benefits than highly processed fruit beverages.The results support the need to consider the extent of FJBs processing in future studies to adjust official nutritional recommendations for beverage consumption.

A robust low-friction triple network hydrogel based on multiple synergistic enhancement mechanisms

Hydrogels exhibit promising applications,particularly due to their high water content and excellent biocompatibility.Despite notable progress in hydrogel technology,the concurrent enhancement of water content,mechanical strength,and low friction poses substantial challenges to practical utilization.In this study,employing molecular and network design guided based on multiple synergistic enhancement mechanisms,we have developed a robust polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-polyacrylic acid(PAA)-polyacrylamide(PAAm)three-network(TN)hydrogel exhibiting high water content,enhanced strength,low friction,and fatigue resistance.The hydrogel manifests a water content of 63.7%,compression strength of 6.3 MPa,compression modulus of 2.68 MPa,tensile strength reaching 7.3 MPa,and a tensile modulus of 10.27 MPa.Remarkably,even after one million cycles of dynamic loading,the hydrogel exhibits no signs of fatigue failure,with a minimal strain difference of only 1.15%.Furthermore,it boasts a low sliding coefficient of friction(COF)of 0.043 and excellent biocompatibility.This advancement extends the applications of hydrogels in emerging fields within biomedicine and soft bio-devices,including load-bearing artificial tissues,artificial blood vessels,tissue scaffolds,robust hydrogel coatings for medical devices,and joint parts of soft robots.

Knockdown of RCN1 contributes to the apoptosis of colorectal cancer via regulating IP3R1

Background:The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)has been increasing in recent years.Thus,the discovery of factors that can assist in alleviating CRC is urgently warranted.Methods:To identify a potential factor involved in the development of CRC,we screened the upregulated genes in tumor tissues through four datasets from an online database.The expression of reticulocalbin 1(RCN1),a Ca2+-binding protein,was upregulated in the four datasets.Based on loss-offunction experiments,the effect of RCN1 on cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay.The regulatory effect of RCN1 on apoptosis was evaluated through Annexin V-fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate(FITC)/propidium iodide(PI)staining assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)assay in RKO and SW480 cells.Activation of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress signaling pathways was confirmed by estimating the phosphorylation and expression of PRKR-like ER kinase(PERK),inositol-requiring kinase-1(IRE1),transcription factor 6(ACT6),and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein(CHOP).The intracellular Ca2+homeostasis regulated by RCN1 was determined through the detection of Ca2+concentration and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)measurement.Moreover,whether inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1(IP3R1)was involved in the regulation of RCN1 in CRC was verified through the depletion of IP3R1 in RKO cells.Results:Knockdown of RCN1 reduced cell viability and facilitated apoptosis in RKO and SW480 cells.Phosphorylation of PERK and IRE1,activation of ATF6,and upregulation of CHOP were induced by the absence of RCN1,suggesting that the unfolded protein response(UPR)was activated in CRC cells.The concentration of Ca2+in mitochondria was increased after RCN1 depletion,followed by reduction in the MMP and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytoplasm in RKO and SW480 cells.Moreover,it was demonstrated that IP3R1 mediates the effect of RCN1 on apoptosis induced by ER stress in CRC cells.The downregulation of IP3R1 restored the RCN1 loss-induced apoptosis and the increased Ca2+concentration.Conclusion:Taken together,our results confirmed that silencing of RCN1 disrupted intracellular Ca2+homeostasis and promoted cell apoptosis caused by TG-induced ER stress by regulating IP3R1 and activating the UPR signaling pathways.

Effects of post-mortem aging process on characteristic water-soluble taste-active precursors in yellow-feathered broilers

Chilled chicken has become the mainstream of chicken consumption.In order to explore the effect of post-mortem aging on water-soluble flavor precursors of chicken,pH,adenosine triphosphate(ATP)degradation,flavor nucleosides,free amino acids and water-soluble low molecular weight peptides were determined using Qingyuan partridge yellow-feathered broilers as material during 0-4℃ post-mortem aging in 48 h.The results showed that the pH value fell to the limit pH 5.64(4 h)in chicken breast and 6.21(3 h)in thigh.Regardless of chicken breast or thigh,ATP dropped rapidly within 3 h.It was found that the K-value in chicken thigh was the lowest at 2 h indicating the freshness was the best.Considering the equivalent umami concentration(EUC),the value at 3 h and 4 h was relatively high,but the corresponding electronic tongue umami value was not high,which further showed that the water-soluble low molecular taste peptide played an important role on the post-mortem aging process.Combined with cluster analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),it was preliminarily inferred that the optimal time for chilled chicken during 0-4℃ post-mortem aging was 2 h,which could provide a theoretical basis for the further processing of fresh chicken.

经桡动脉行心导管介入术后三种手部功能锻炼方式的比较研究

目的 旨在比较3种手部功能锻炼方式缓解经桡动脉心导管介入治疗术后患者不适的效果.方法 本研究为单中心、随机对照临床试验,于2020年8月至2021年6月选取南京市1所三级甲等医院临床中102例患者为研究对象,随机分为手指操组(n=34)、穴位按摩组(n=34)和握力锻炼组(n=34).在干预后的第1、2、4和24 h进行相关评价指标的监测,并将肿胀和疼痛作为主要结局指标、出血程度和皮肤温度作为次要结局指标.结果 最终99例患者完成研究.握力锻炼组的患者手掌肿胀在干预后2、4 h(H=6.710,P=0.035;H=10.060,P<0.001)逐渐缓解.以中指为例的握力锻炼组患者手指肿胀在干预后2、4 h(H=9.353,P<0.001;H=10.699,P<0.001)较其他两组也明显减轻.握力锻炼组患者在干预后4 h(H=7.048,P=0.029)疼痛评分明显降低.但3组患者术侧肢体手部皮温(H=0.922,P=0.631)和穿刺部位出血程度(H=0.123,P=0.940)差异无统计学意义.结论 本研究发现握力锻炼比手指操和穴位按摩更能有效减少肢体水肿.

长链非编码RNA STAG3L5P过表达对口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞增殖和迁移的影响

目的:研究长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)STAG3L5P在口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)细胞中的表达和定位及其对OSCC细胞增殖及迁移的影响。方法:使用数据库GEPIA2(gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2)分析STAG3L5P在头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSC)中的表达;利用数据库UCSC Xena(University of California Santa Cruz Xena)分析STAG3L5P在OSCC中的表达;实时荧光定量PCR(realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR,qPCR)检测STAG3L5P的表达水平;RNA核质分离实验检测其亚细胞定位;细胞计数试剂盒-8(cell counting kit-8,CCK-8)实验和Transwell迁移实验检测STAG3L5P过表达对OSCC细胞增殖和迁移能力的影响;qPCR和Western blot检测STAG3L5P过表达对上皮间充质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关基因的影响;Western blot检测STAG3L5P过表达对PI3K/AKT通路的影响。结果:STAG3L5P在OSCC组织中高表达,且其表达与组织学分级显著相关;STAG3L5P在OSCC细胞的表达水平显著升高,且在细胞质占比明显高于细胞核占比;STAG3L5P过表达组的细胞增殖和迁移能力均显著高于阴性对照组。STAG3L5P过表达导致N-cadherin和Vimentin的mRNA和蛋白表达均上调,E-cadherin蛋白表达下降。STAG3L5P过表达引起p-PI3K和p-AKT表达增多。结论:STAG3L5P在OSCC组织和细胞中高表达,STAG3L5P过表达可以促进OSCC细胞的增殖及迁移能力,这可能与STAG3L5P激活PI3K/AKT通路促进EMT发生有关。

Jujube witches’ broom phytoplasmas inhibit ZjBRC1-mediated abscisic acid metabolism to induce shoot proliferation

Jujube witches’broom(JWB)phytoplasmas parasitize the sieve tubes of diseased phloem and cause an excessive proliferation of axillary shoots from dormant lateral buds to favour their transmission.In previous research,two JWB effectors,SJP1 and SJP2,were identified to induce lateral bud outgrowth by disrupting ZjBRC1-mediated auxin flux.However,the pathogenesis of JWB disease remains largely unknown.Here,tissue-specific transcriptional reprogramming was examined to gain insight into the genetic mechanisms acting inside jujube lateral buds under JWB phytoplasma infection.JWB phytoplasmas modulated a series of plant signalling networks involved in lateral bud development and defence,including auxin,abscisic acid(ABA),ethylene,jasmonic acid,and salicylic acid.JWB-induced bud outgrowth was accompanied by downregulation of ABA synthesis within lateral buds.ABA application rescued the bushy appearances of transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing SJP1 and SJP2 in Col-0 and ZjBRC1 in the brc1-2 mutant.Furthermore,the expression of ZjBRC1 and ABA-related genes ZjHB40 and ZjNCED3 was negatively correlated with lateral main bud outgrowth in decapitated healthy jujube.Molecular evidence showed that ZjBRC1 interacted with ZjBRC2 via its N-terminus to activate ZjHB40 and ZjNCED3 expression and ABA accumulation in transgenic jujube calli.In addition,ZjBRC1 widely regulated differentially expressed genes related to ABA homeostasis and ABA signalling,especially by binding to and suppressing ABA receptors.Therefore,these results suggest that JWB phytoplasmas hijack the ZjBRC1-mediated ABA pathways to stimulate lateral bud outgrowth and expansion,providing a strategy to engineer plants resistant to JWB phytoplasma disease and regulate woody plant architecture to promote crop yield and quality.

复合固定化混合菌DP3去除邻苯二甲酸二丁酯

为了提高邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的降解效率,采用正交法开展了“包埋-吸附-交联”复合固定化法固定混合菌DP3制备条件的优化试验,研究了环境因素对固定化混合菌DP3降解DBP性能的影响,并对其去除DBP过程进行初步研究。结果表明,固定化混合菌DP3的最佳制备条件为聚乙烯醇(PVA)质量分数10%、海藻酸钠(SA)质量分数2%、活性炭(AC)质量分数3%、CaCl2质量分数1%,1 d内对DBP降解效果可达到98.84%,与游离态混合菌相比,其降解率提高35.11%;固定化混合菌DP3对不同浓度DBP去除效率显著优于空白凝胶球;其对模拟人工污水中DBP的降解率1 d即可达98.03%。当pH值在4—10、NaCl浓度在5—100 g·L^(−1)、底物浓度在10—200 mg·L^(−1)时,固定化混合菌DP3对底物表现优异的降解性能,降解率显著优于游离态;固定化混合菌DP3对底物降解符合一阶动力学方程,具有良好的重复稳定性,研究结果可为固定化混合菌在环境中降解DBP的应用提供理论依据。

Flexible rechargeable Ni//Zn battery based on self-supported NiCo_2O_4 nanosheets with high power density and good cycling stability

The overall electrochemical performances of Ni-Zn batteries are still far from satisfactory, specifically for rate performance and cycling stability Herein, we demonstrated a high-performance flexible Ni//Zn battery with outstanding durability and high power density based on selfsupported NiCo_2 O_4 nanosheets as cathode and Zn nanosheets as anode. This Ni//Zn battery is able to deliver a remarkable capacity of183.1 mAh g^(-1) and a good cycling performance(82.7% capacity retention after 3500 cycles). More importantly, this battery achieves an admirable power density of 49.0 kW kg^(-1) and energy density of 303.8 Wh kg^(-1), substantially higher than most recently reported batteries. With such excellent electrochemical performance, this battery will have great potential as an ultrafast power source in practical application.

Preharvest application of 1-methylcyclopropene and Ethephon altered cuticular wax biosynthesis and fruit quality of apples at harvest and during cold storage

To investigate the roles of Harvista(a sprayable 1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP,available component is 150 g·hm^(-2))and Ethephon(1 mL·L^(-1))applied at preharvest in apple(Malus domestica Borkh.'Golden Delicious')fruit cuticular wax biosynthesis,the expression of genes related to fruit cuticular wax biosynthesis and ethylene biosynthesis and signaling,ethylene production rate,respiration rate,wax constituents and structure,and fruit quality were determined at harvest and during cold storage.The results showed that 1-MCP inhibited the expression levels of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling-related genes,decreased fruit ethylene production,and inhibited the expression of Md LACS1,Md CER6,Md CER4 and Md WSD1,which resulted in decreases in alcohols,acids,and esters content in fruit cuticular wax.1-MCP also reduced fruit dropping rate from 17.17%to 12%;maintained fruit firmness,soluble solids,titratable acidity during cold storage;showed about as one fifth in the total length and one third in the widest width of wax crack as that in control at harvest.In contrast,Ethephon produced the opposite effects.In conclusion,1-MCP inhibited fruit ethylene biosynthesis and signaling,and influenced fruit cuticular wax biosynthesis.Thus,the fruit cuticular wax constituents and structure was altered,and the fruit quality were maintained at harvest and during cold storage.The results provide a new technology for improving apple fruit harvest and postharvest quality by preharvest application of sprayable 1-MCP.

Dietary ellagic acid ameliorated Clostridium perfringens-induced subclinical necrotic enteritis in broilers via regulating inflammation and cecal microbiota

Background: Subclinical necrotic enteritis(SNE), a common intestinal disease of broiler caused by Clostridium perfringens, could reduce production performance of broilers by chronic intestinal damage and poor absorption of nutrients. Ellagic acid(EA) has been reported to present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties on human and animals in many aspects. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect and mechanism of EA in relieving SNE in broilers induced by C. perfringens.Results: C. perfringens challenge decreased body weight(BW), average daily gain(ADG), jejunal villi height/crypt depth(V/C) ratio, the activity of catalase(CAT) and the mRNA expression of zonula occludens 1(ZO-1) in jejunal mucosa of broilers. While feed conversion ratios(FCR), jejunal crypt depth(CD), the activities of myeloperoxidase(MPO) and diamine oxidase(DAO), as well as the concentrations of interleukin 6(IL-6), C-reactive protein(CRP) and procalcitonin(PCT) in serum, the activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and lysozyme(LZM), the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA), and the mRNA expressions of claudin-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR-4, TLR-2, NF-κB,JAK3, STAT6 and iNOS in jejunal mucosa of broilers were increased by C. perfringens challenge. Dietary EA supplement relieved these adverse effects, and heightened jejunal villi height(VH), the concentration of D-xylose in plasma, activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), and the mRNA expression of occludin in jejunal mucosa of broilers.The alpha diversity of cecal microbiota indicated that dietary EA supplement increased observed species and Shannon index. C. perfringens challenge increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decreased the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota in cecal microbiota. EA increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes in cecal microbiota. LEfSe analysis showed that C. perfringens challenge triggered the imbalance of cecal microbiota in broilers, dietary EA supplementation led to a small beneficial effect on microbiota, while the simultaneous effect of them seemed to stimulate the immune function of broilers by improving the microbiota balance.Conclusions: Dietary EA ameliorated C. perfringens-induced SNE in broilers via regulating jejunal inflammation signaling pathways TLR/NF-κB and JAK3/STAT6, relieving jejunal oxidative stress and balancing cecal microbiota to inhibit intestinal barrier damage, prevent systemic inflammatory response and improve nutrient absorption capacity,finally protect and enhance growth performance of broilers.

Syntheses,challenges and modifications of single-crystal cathodes for lithium-ion battery

Single-crystal cathodes(SCCs)are promising substitute materials for polycrystal cathodes(PCCs)in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),because of their unique ordered structure,excellent cycling stability and high safety performance.Cathode materials with layered(LiCoO_(2),LiNi_xCo_yMnzO_(2),LiNi_xCo_yAl_(2)O_(2))and spinel structure(LiMn_(2)O_(4),LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4))show a relatively stable electrochemical performance,but still lack of sufficient attention in research field.In this review,we begin with the definition,structural features and electrochemical advantages of SCCs.Common SCCs synthesis methods and the thermodynamic growth mechanism of SCCs with oriented facet exposure are summarized in the following part.Then we introduce the problems and challenges of SCCs faced and the corresponding modification strategies.Finally,the industrialization progress of SCCs is brifly outlined.We intend to tease out the difficulties and advances of SCCs to provide insights for future development of high-performance SCCs for practical LIBs.

Evaluation on the natural gas hydrate formation process

Gas hydrates have endowed with great potential in gas storage,and rapid formation of gas hydrates is critical to use this novel technology.This work evaluated the natural gas hydrate formation process,which was compared from six parameters,including conversion of water to hydrate,storage capacity,the rate of hydrate formation,space velocity(SV)of hydrate reaction,energy consumption and hydrate removal.The literature was selected by analyzing and comparing these six parameters mentioned above,meanwhile placing emphasis on the three parameters of storage capacity,the rate of hydrate formation and space velocity of hydrate reaction.Through analysis and comparison,four conclusions could be obtained as follows.Firstly,the overall performance of the stirring process and the spraying process were better than other processes after analyzing the six parameters.Secondly,the additive types,the reactor structure and the reactor size had influence on the natural gas hydrate formation process.Thirdly,the energy consumption via reciprocating impact in the hydrate formation process was higher than that via stirring,spraying and static higee.Finally,it was one key for hydrate removal to realize the hydrate industrial production.

Skin care design for lithium metal protection with cosmetics introduction

Lithium metal anode(LMA)is the ultimate"Holy Grail"electrode for next generation high-energy-density batteries.Nevertheless,its instinct high reactivity is a formidable challenge and has intensified side reactions,destabilized the electrode/electrolyte interface and restricted the operating conditions strictly,thus hampering its practical application.Here,we"make up"the Li metal(M-Li)by constructing vaselinecoated layer by a simple dip-coating or casting method.With the chemically stable and hydrophobic vaseline protective layer,the stability of Li towards humid and corrosive atmosphere has been greatly improved.The M-Li guaranteed stable and prolonged cycling life after the anode suffering from corrosion in moist air(relative humidity-65%)or corrosive electrolyte(with 10,000 ppm H2O or S)both in symmetric cells and LiFePO4 full cells.This work illustrates a convenient,economic,and industrial applicable method for stable LMA.

Multi-factor combined biomarker screening strategy to rapidly diagnose Alzheimer's disease and evaluate drug effect based on a rat model

Alzheimer's disease(AD)represents the main form of dementia;however,valid diagnosis and treatment measures are lacking.The discovery of valuable biomarkers through omics technologies can help solve this problem.For this reason,metabolomic analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)was carried out on plasma,hippocampus,and cortex samples of an AD rat model.Based on the metabolomic data,we report a multi-factor combined biomarker screening strategy to rapidly and accurately identify potential biomarkers.Compared with the usual procedure,our strategy can identify fewer biomarkers with higher diagnostic specificity and sensitivity.In addition to diagnosis,the potential biomarkers identified using our strategy were also beneficial for drug evaluation.Multi-factor combined biomarker screening strategy was used to identify differential metabolites from a rat model of amyloid beta peptide 1e40(Aβ_(1-40))plus ibotenic acid-induced AD(compared with the controls)for the first time;lysophosphatidylcholine(LysoPC)and intermediates of sphingolipid metabolism were screened as potential biomarkers.Subsequently,the effects of donepezil and pine nut were successfully reflected by regulating the levels of the abovementioned biomarkers and metabolic profile distribution in partial least squaresdiscriminant analysis(PLS-DA).This novel biomarker screening strategy can be used to analyze other metabolomic data to simultaneously enable disease diagnosis and drug evaluation.