The Research on Cascading Failure of Farey Network

Cascading failure is an important part of the dynamics in complex network.In this paper,we research the cascading failure of Farey network which is scale-free network with fractal properties by data analysis.According to the analyses,we obtain an iterative expression of the failure nodes’number at the certain time step,anther iterative expression of the time which is needed for the network being global collapse,and the sequence of nodes failure in the Farey network.By theoretical derivation,we get an approximate solutions of perturbation threshold R to make the network achieve the global collapse.If the nodes number of the Farey network is lager,simulate results are closer to theoretical value.By the simulation,we obtain the cascading failure process of the Farey network after suffering deliberate attack and random attack.Simulation results show that,the failure nodes of Farey network increase gradually as R raises,until the network is global collapse.Moreover,Farey network shows stronger robustness for random attack.abstract environment.

Protective Effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Autophagy Based on AMPK/UIK1Signaling Pathway

The aim of the paper is to explore whether AMPK/U1K1 signaling pathway is involved in regulating autophagy and alleviating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury.On this basis,study the regulatory effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction(BHD)on AMPK/U1K1 signaling pathway,aiming to clarify the molecular mechanism of BHD in alleviating cerebral I/R injury and the protective effect of BHD containing serum(BHDS)on OGD/R neurons.The research group adopted the following methods:Neurons cultured for 7 days in vitro were randomly divided into normal control group,model group(OGD/R),AMPK activator(AICAR)group(3 mmol/L),Buyang Huanwu Decoction medicated serum(BHDS)group(3%),Buyang Huanwu Decoction medicated serum+AMPK activator(BHDS+AICAR)group.The protein expressions of p-AMPK,AMPK,p-UlKl,U1K1,Beclin-1 and LC3B in neurons were detected by Western blot,the fluorescence intensity and apoptosis rate of neuron autophagosome CYTO-ID staining were detected by flow cytometry,the fluorescence intensity and morphological changes of neuron LC3B were detected by immunofluorescence double labeling method,the morphological changes of neurons were observed by inverted microscope,and the survival rate of neurons was detected by CCK-8 method.Neuron OGD/R model and the optimal concentration of BHDS.The neurons in the model group were subjected to hypoxia and glucose deprivation for 1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h and reoxygenation and glucose deprivation for 24 h.The survival rate of neurons and the release rate of 1DH to determine whether the model was successfully established.And the results show that BHDS group,the survival rate of OGD/R neurons was significantly increased,and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased.Among them,3%BHDS intervention at the same time of hypoxia glucose deprivation for 3 h and reoxygenation glucose for 24 h was the best condition.In BHDS group,the levels of p-AMPK/AMPK,p-UlKl/UlKl,beclin-1,CYTO-ID and LC3B fluorescence intensity,and the transformation from LC3B-I to LC3B-II of OGD/R neurons were significantly decreased.So we can draw a conclusion that BHD can inhibit autophagy and alleviate cerebral I/R injury through AMPK/U1K1 signaling pathway.

The Analysis of Phase Synchronisation in the Uniform Scale-Free Hypernetwork

Many phenomena in realistic complex systems can be explained by the synchronisation behavior of complex systems,such as cricket chirping in uni-son.The synchronisation behavior occurring on a hypernetwork can be used to explain the swarming behavior occurring on a multivariate interacting system,such as the synchronised forwarding of group messages.There is a lack of results related to phase synchronization of hypernetwork in the existing studies on the synchronization behavior of hypernetworks.To address this problem,this paper investigates the node-based and hyperedge-based phase synchronisation of a scale-free hypernetwork using the Kuramoto model with the order parameter r as the synchronisation degree indicator.The comparative analysis reveals that the phase synchronisation of the scale-free hypernetwork is related to the uniformity k of the hypernetwork but not to the number of nodes and hyperedges,and the phase synchronisation based on hyperedges is more likely to occur than that based on nodes as the coupling strength increases.In addition,the degree of phase syn-chronisation of scale-free hypernetworks is related to the number of new_nodes of newly added nodes when the hyperedge grows during the construction of the hypernetwork,which shows that the smaller the new_nodes is,the better the degree of synchronisation of the hypernetwork is.