Epidemiological Investigation of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men Attending a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic in Hangzhou Area

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human papillomavirus （HPV） infection in men attending a sexually transmitted diseases （STD） clinic in Hangzhou area. Methods Male subjects （n=375） aged 18-70 years, attending the STD clinic were recruited. Urethral swabs were assessed for HPV DNA using polymerase chain reaction （PCR） with the consensus primers MY09/11. HPV genotypes of positive PCR products were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphisms and direct sequence analysis. Results Of the 375 swabs collected, 305 （81.3%） yielded sufficient DNA for the subsequent HPV analysis. Among the 305 subjects, the prevalence of HPV was 13.8%. Nononcogenic HPV types were found in 8.5% （26/305） of subjects, oncogenic types in 4.3% （13/305）, and multiple types in 1.0% （3/305）. The prevalence of HPV infection was higher in subjects from urban area than in those from rural area （P〈0.05）. The prevalence was also higher in those who received fewer years of education （P〈0.05） and those who had more sex partners （P〈0.05）. Conclusions HPV infection among men at high risk is not uncommon. The detection rate of HPV DNA is significantly related to some sociodemographic factors, such as residence, educational level and the number of sex partners.

如何打通作业减负提质“最后一公里”——基于江西智慧作业平台的实践探索

在“双减”政策实施的大背景下,义务教育阶段作业总时长有了明确的规范,同时“一教一辅”的政策也基本上落实到位。如何在规定的作业时长内实现分层作业,提升学生整体应知应会水平是当前基础教育领域的重点课题。依托“一科一辅”的纸质练习册,通过“课前学什么、课中怎么学、课后做什么、家里看什么、政府管什么”的作业管理工具和作业教学体系,探索以学生为主体,实现生成性教学的教学新观念;并以江西智慧作业平台的分层作业设计为例,通过人工智能手段采集纸质作业信息,实施大规模的精准分层作业设计,为教育决策者提供真实有效的作业管理工具。最后,提出体系化、智能化的以作业为教学驱动的教学方案,对“双减”政策的落地实施有着重要的借鉴意义。

一种宽光谱响应的双结单光子雪崩二极管

基于180 nm BCD工艺提出了一种新型双结雪崩区的单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)探测器,采用N阱/高压P阱/N^(+)埋层结构形成了两个垂直堆叠的PN结,高压P阱和N^(+)埋层交界面形成较深的主雪崩区,增强对近红外短波光子的探测概率;同时,N阱/高压P阱之间形成浅的次雪崩区,实现对蓝绿光的高效探测,两结同时工作能够有效扩展器件的光谱响应范围。TCAD仿真结果表明,与传统的P阱/深N阱结构相比,双结SPAD器件在300~940 nm的宽光谱范围内有更高的光子探测概率,在800 nm近红外短波段探测概率达到了20.6%。在3 V过偏压下,暗计数率为0.8 kHz,后脉冲概率为3.2%。

Research advances on transfer zones in rift basins and their influence on hydrocarbon accumulation

Transfer zones are structural areas of faults interactions where fault motion or displacement can be transferred from one fault to another, regional strain maintains laterally constant. Transfer zones are widely developed in rift basins and have significance on hydrocarbon accumulation. In this review article, we attempt to summarize recent advances on the types, distance-displacement curves, evolutionary stages and controlling factors of transfer zones in rift basins and their effects on sedimentary systems, reservoir properties, trap formation and hydrocarbon migration. The formation of transfer zones is genetically related to the segmented growth of normal faults. Depending on the degree of interaction between these normal faults, transfer zones in rift basins could be divided into two types: soft-linked and hard-linked, which are further subdivided into transfer slope, oblique anticline, horst and transfer fault based on the combination patterns of normal faults. In general, the development of transfer zones experiences several stages including isolated normal faulting, transfer slope forming, complicating and breaking. During the interaction and growth of segmented normal faults, stress-strain and spatial array of faults, pre-existing basement structures, and mechanical conditions of rocks have a great influence on the location and development processes of transfer zones. A transfer zone is commonly considered as a pathway for conveying sediments from provenance to basin, and it hence exerts an essential control on the distribution of sandbodies. In addition, transfer zone is the area where stresses are concentrated, which facilitates the formation of various types of structural traps, and it is also a favorable conduit for hydrocarbon migration. Consequently, there exists great hydrocarbon potentials in transfer zones to which more attention should be given.

胸腔镜膈疝修补术和传统开放性手术在新生儿先天性膈疝中的对比研究

目的对比分析胸腔镜膈疝修补术和传统开放性手术在新生儿先天性膈疝中的疗效。方法选取2012年6月-2015年5月在河南省南阳市中心医院进行治疗的86例新生儿先天性膈疝患儿作为研究对象,将行胸腔镜膈疝修补术患儿纳入观察组,行传统开放性手术患儿纳入对照组,各43例。观察两组患儿手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、术后机械通气时间、术后抗生素使用时间、住院时间等手术指标以及生存率、复发率、并发症发生率。结果手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、术后机械通气时间、术后抗生素使用时间、住院时间以及术后进食时间观察组数据均优于对照组患儿(P<0.05),术后胸腔积液及24 h血氧饱和度(PCO_2)与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患儿术后并发症发生率2.33%低于对照组13.95%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而两组复发率及生存率差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胸腔镜膈疝修补术相比传统开放性手术在新生儿先天性膈疝中效果更加显著。

微波辅助合成载银蒙脱土/水性聚氨酯纳米复合抗菌材料的制备及表征

采用绿色的微波辐射辅助还原合成载银蒙脱土,再将其与水性聚氨酯复合制备抗菌性复合材料。通过扫描电镜、X射线能谱、透射电镜、热重分析、力学性能、抗菌实验等分别研究了微波合成载银蒙脱土及载银蒙脱土/水性聚氨酯复合材料的表面结构、热稳定性、力学性能、抗菌性能等。实验结果表明,通过绿色的微波辐射辅助还原法于蒙脱土界面合成了粒径小、分布均匀的纳米银单质,将该载银蒙脱土引入到水性聚氨酯中,可提高载银蒙脱土/水性聚氨酯复合材料的热稳定性及力学性能,硬段的最大失重温度上升了11℃,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了32%和13%;抗菌性能研究表明复合材料对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有良好的抑制效果,该复合材料在抗菌材料领域有广泛的应用前景。

蔓荆子黄素对小鼠单核巨噬细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的通过蔓荆子黄素对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活性及RAW264.7细胞增殖和凋亡作用的研究,探讨蔓荆子黄素对单核巨噬细胞的影响。方法分别用含有不同浓度蔓荆子黄素作用于小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞与小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7,于24、48及72 h后采用CCK-8检测细胞活性。使用AO/EB染色观察RAW264.7细胞凋亡变化;应用流式细胞仪检测RAW264.7细胞凋亡率。通过荧光探针DCFH-DA检测RAW264.7细胞活性氧水平,使用JC-1染色标记线粒体膜电位的变化。结果 CCK-8法检测结果显示,蔓荆子黄素对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的细胞活性及RAW264.7细胞的增殖都有抑制作用,呈剂量与时间依赖关系,尤其对具有增殖能力的RAW264.7细胞活性抑制作用更强。AO/EB染色结果显示,RAW264.7细胞经浓度为5及10μmol/L的蔓荆子黄素处理后,细胞表现为凋亡形态;流式细胞仪检测结果显示,蔓荆子黄素诱导RAW264.7细胞Sub-G1期代表凋亡细胞的百分比增加(P<0.05)。蔓荆子黄素作用于RAW264.7细胞后,细胞内活性氧水平提高;JC-1染色结果显示,蔓荆子黄素能使RAW264.7细胞的线粒体膜电位下降。结论蔓荆子黄素能够抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞与小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7活性,尤其对具有增殖能力的RAW264.7细胞活性抑制作用更强,可以促进其凋亡,其作用机制与增加细胞内活性氧水平和降低线粒体膜电位有关。

Rapid screening of Zr-containing particles from Chang’e-5 lunar soil samples for isotope geochronology:Technical roadmap for future study

New samples returned by China Chang’e-5(CE-5)mission offer an opportunity for studying the lunar geologic longevity,space weathering,and regolith evolution.The age determination of the CE-5 samples was among the first scientific questions to be answered.However,the precious samples,most in the micrometer size range,challenge many traditional analyses on large single crystals of zircon developed for massive bulk samples.Here,we developed a non-destructive rapid screening of individual zirconium-containing particle for isotope geochronology based on a Micro X-ray fluorescence analysis(μXRF).The selected particles were verified via scanning electron microscopy(SEM),3D X-ray microscopy(XRM),and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy(FIB-SEM)techniques,which showed that zirconium-bearing minerals with several microns were precisely positioned and readily suitable for site-specific isotopic dating by second ion mass spectrometry(SIMS).Such protocol could be also appli-cable in non-destructively screening other types of particles for different scientific purposes.We there-fore proposed a correlative workflow for comprehensively studying the CE-5 lunar samples from single particles on nanometer to atomic scales.Linking various microscopic and spectromicroscopic instru-ments together,this workflow consists of six steps:(1)single-particle selection with non-destructive μXRF technique,(2)2D/3D morphological and structural characterization with a correlative submicron 3D XRM and nanoscale resolution FIB-SEM imaging methods,(3)SEM analysis of the surface morphology and chemistry of the selected particle,(4)a series of microscopic and microbeam analyses(e.g.,SEM,electron probe microanalysis,and SIMS)on the cross-section of the selected particle to obtain structural,mineralogical,chemical,and isotopic features from the micron to nanometer scale,(5)advanced 2D/3D characterization and site-specific sample preparation of thin foil/tip specimens on a microregion of inter-est in the selected particle with FIB-SEM technique,and(6)comprehensive analyses on the FIB-milled specimens at nanometer to atomic scale with synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray micro-scopy,analytic transmission electron microscopy,and atom probe tomography.Following this technical roadmap,one can integrate multiple modalities into a uniform frame of multimodal and multiscale cor-related datasets to acquire high-throughput information on the limited or precious terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples.

The relationship between international crude oil prices and China＇s refined oil prices based on a structural VAR model

With the frequent fluctuations of international crude oil prices and China＇s increasing dependence on foreign oil in recent years, the volatility of international oil prices has significantly influenced China domestic refined oil price. This paper aims to investigate the transmission and feedback mechanism between international crude oil prices and China＇s refined oil prices for the time span from January 2011 to November 2015 by using the Granger causality test, vector autoregression model, impulse response function and variance decomposition methods. It is demonstrated that variation of international crude oil prices can cause China domestic refined oil price to change with a weak feedback effect. Moreover, international crude oil prices and China domestic refined oil prices are affected by their lag terms in positive and negative directions in different degrees. Besides, an international crude oil price shock has a signif- icant positive impact on domestic refined oil prices while the impulse response of the international crude oil price variable to the domestic refined oil price shock is negatively insignificant. Furthermore, international crude oil prices and domestic refined oil prices have strong historical inheri- tance. According to the variance decomposition analysis, the international crude oil price is significantly affected by its own disturbance influence, and a domestic refined oil price shock has a slight impact on international crude oil price changes. The domestic refined oil price variance is mainly caused by international crude oil price disturbance, while the domestic refined oil price is slightly affected by its own disturbance. Generally, domestic refined oil prices do not immediately respond to an international crude oil price change, that is, there is a time lag.

Forecasting of China's natural gas production and its policy implications

With the vigorous promotion of energy conservation and implementation of clean energy strategies,China＇s natural gas industry has entered a rapid development phase,and natural gas is playing an increasingly important role in China＇s energy structure.This paper uses a Generalized Weng model to forecast Chinese regional natural gas production,where accuracy and reasonableness compared with other predictions are enhanced by taking remaining estimated recoverable resources as a criterion.The forecast shows that China＇s natural gas production will maintain a rapid growth with peak gas of 323 billion cubic meters a year coming in 2036;in 2020,natural gas production will surpass that of oil to become a more important source of energy.Natural gas will play an important role in optimizing China＇s energy consumption structure and will be a strategic replacement of oil.This will require that exploration and development of conventional natural gas is highly valued and its industrial development to be reasonably planned.As well,full use should be made of domestic and international markets.Initiative should also be taken in the exploration and development of unconventional and deepwater gas,which shall form a complement to the development of China＇s conventional natural gas industry.

Rare earth permanent magnets prepared by hot deformation process

Hot deformation is one of the primary methods for fabricating anisotropic rare earth permanent magnets.Firstly,rapidly quenched powder flakes with a nanocrystal structure are condensed into fully dense isotropic precursors using the hot-pressing process.The prepared isotropic precursors are then hot-deformed to produce high-anisotropy uniaxial bulk rare earth permanent magnets and a highly textured structure is produced via this process.The resulting magnets possess many advantages such as near-net-shape,outstanding corrosion resistance,and ultrafine-grain structure.The influence of the preparation parameters utilized in the hot-pressing and deformation processes on the magnetic properties and microstructure of the permanent magnets are systemically summarized in this report.As a near-net-shape technique,the hot deformation process has notable advantages with regard to the production of irregular shapes,especially for radially oriented ringshaped magnets with high length-diameter ratios or thin walls.The difficulties associated with the fabrication of crack-free,homogeneous,and non-decentered ring-shaped magnets are substantially resolved through an emphasis on mold design,adjustment of deformation parameters,and application of theoretical simulation.Considering the characteristics of hotdeformed magnets which include grain shape and size,anisotropic distribution of intergranular phases,etc.,investigation and improvement of the mechanical and electric properties,in addition to thermal stability,with the objective of improving the application of hot-deformed magnets or ring-shaped magnets,is of practical significance.

Establishment of a multi-cycle generalized Weng model and its application in forecasts of global oil supply

Low oil prices under the influence of economic structure transformation and slow economic growth have hit the existing markets of traditional big oil suppliers and upgraded the conflict of oil production capacity and interest between OPEC producers and other big oil supplier countries such as the USA and Russia. Forecasting global oil production is significant for all countries for energy strategy planning, although many past forecasts have later been proved to be very seriously incorrect. In this paper,the original generalized Weng model is expanded to a multi-cycle generalized Weng model to better reflect the multi-cycle phenomena caused by political, economic and technological factors. This is used to forecast global oil production based on parameter selection from a large sample, depletion rate of remaining resources, constraints on oil reserves and cycle number determination. This research suggests that the world will reach its peak oil production in 2022, at about 4340×10~6 tonnes. China needs to plan for oil import diversity, a domestic oil production structure based on the supply pattern of large oil suppliers worldwide and the oil demand for China＇s own development.

SPAD探测器深n阱保护环宽度对暗计数噪声的影响

为了探究单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)器件的保护环宽度(W_(GR))对暗计数噪声的影响,基于标准180 nm CMOS工艺,设计了以低浓度掺杂深n阱(DNW)为保护环的p阱(PW)/DNW结构,通过实验和TCAD仿真研究了W_(GR)对暗计数噪声的影响。实验结果表明,当W_(GR)从1μm增加到2μm时,室温下SPAD器件的暗计数率(DCR)从79 kHz显著减小到17 kHz;当W_(GR)从2μm增加到3μm时,DCR不再发生明显变化。TCAD仿真揭示了当W_(GR)从2μm减小到1μm时,保护环区域的电场强度增长较大,导致缺陷辅助隧穿(TAT)效应引起的暗计数显著增加。当W_(GR)增加到2μm以上时,保护环区域的电场强度不再降低,继续增大W_(GR)对降低DCR不再有效,反而会导致SPAD器件填充因子减小。因此DNW W_(GR)为2μm的SPAD器件在具有低暗计数率的同时又有较小的尺寸,有利于高密度阵列的集成。

中国农村老年人骨密度与血糖水平的关系研究

目的:探讨农村糖尿病患者血糖水平与骨密度(BMD)的关系,为正确评估和管理农村糖尿病患者骨折风险提供理论支持。方法:从广西某农村地区选取年龄在60岁以上共4275人纳入研究,并按照血糖水平分为4组。对4组不同血糖水平的农村老年人进行横断面研究,比较各组患者的骨密度受各个因素影响而变化的趋势。结果:高空腹血糖组中,年龄与骨质疏松(OP)的发生之间关联不显著(P=0.071),而在其他组中年龄均与骨质疏松的发生相关(P<0.05)。结论:60岁以上高空腹血糖的人群中,年龄增长不会引起骨密度变化;而在60岁以上其他血糖浓度的人群中,年龄增长导致骨密度降低。

盘点气候风险机遇,展望健康繁荣未来

气候变化带来的健康风险与日俱增,煤炭消费及相关碳排放量的反弹,再度敲响了中国气候变化警钟.2022年,中国面临了严峻的气候挑战.极端天气事件发生的频率和强度不断上升,许多地区气温纪录屡创新高,全国平均气温攀升至历史第二高位,同时降水量自2012年以来创新低,南方地区遭遇夏秋连旱,而湖南和东北地区则出现了极端降雨和洪涝灾害.采取及时、充分的措施不仅能减轻气候变化对健康的影响,还将保护基础设施不被极端天气破坏.

Multiplicity of thermodynamic states of van der Waals gas in nanobubbles

The gas-containing nanobubbles have attracted extensive attention due to their remarkable properties and extensive application potential.However,a number of fundamental aspects of nanobubbles,including thermodynamic states for the confined gas,remain still unclear.Here we theoretically demonstrate that the van der Waals(vd W)gases confined in nanobubbles exhibit a unique thermodynamic state of remarkably deviating from the bulk gas phase,and the state transition behavior due to the sizedependent Laplace pressure.In general,the vd W gas inside nanobubbles present multiple stable or transient states,where 0–2 states are for supercritical gas and 0–4 for subcritical gas.Our further analysis based on Rayleigh–Plesset equation and free energy determination indicates that the gas states in nanobubbles exhibits different levels of stability,from which the coexistence of multiple bubble states and microphase equilibrium between droplets and bubbles are predicted.This work provides insight to understand the thermodynamic states appeared for gas in nanobubbles.

Analysis of the fractal intrinsic quality in the ionization of Rydberg helium and lithium atoms

We study the fractal rhythm in the ionization of Rydberg helium and lithium atoms in an electric field by using the semiclassical method.The fractal structures present a nested relationship layer by layer in the initial launch angles of the ionized electrons versus the escape time,which is defined as the rhythm attractor,and exhibit similar rhythm endings.The gradually enhanced chaotic regions of the escape time plots tend to broaden as the scaled energy increases.In addition,the fractal rhythm changes synchronously with the oscillations of the kinetic energy spectrum.We note that the intrinsic quality of the fractal rhythm is closely related to the kinetic energy distribution,that is,the inherent dynamic properties of the Hamiltonian equations have an impact on the fractal regularities.In addition,different ionizing closed trajectories exhibit iterate properties and the inherent beauty of symmetry.Our results and analysis can not only reveal new laws in the ionization of Rydberg atoms,but also promote the establishment of the dynamic mechanism of fractals.

Advances in Application of Environmental-friendly Seaweed Polysaccharide Biomaterials

Seaweed polysaccharides are a type of natural high-molecular active substances extracted and purified from seaweed. They are formed from different mon- esaccharide units through glucosidic bonds, with the advantages of high viscosity, good gel property, environmental-friendly and low cost. In this review, we focus on the progress of the application of seaweed polysaecharides in the fields including food, medicine, tissue engineering and environment engineering, where seaweed polysaccharides are used as food additives, edible coating materials, drug-release materials, medical dressing, tissue scaffolds and environmental adsorption materi- als. Introducing special properties, such as targeting, electrical conductivity and thermasensitivity, and designing bionic controllable micro/nanostructures to fabri- cate and develop multi-functional, intelligent seaweed polysaccharides would be the research hotspot in the future.

Effect Evaluation of 50% Chlorantraniliprole FSB against Spodoptera frugiperda

[Objective]The paper was to understand the control effect of 50% chlorantraniliprole FSB on Spodoptera frugiperda and its influence on corn growth.[Method]Field efficacy test was carried out to comprehensively evaluate the safety of 50% chlorantraniliprole FSB on corn growth.[Result]50%chlorantraniliprole FSB had good control effects on S.frugiperda,while corns also had good seedling emergence rate and strong growth at 14 and 20 d post sowing.There were significant difference in yield between treatment area and farmers’governance area,and high benefits had been achieved in treatment area.[Conclusion]The technology is eco-friendly,economical and practical,and can be popularized and applied in large-scale field production.

The role of Core strength training on Basketball Players

Core strength training is mainly directed against the entire trunk and pelvic muscles, with special emphasis on training those in the deep small muscle group. Human torso plays an important role of rigid connection during exercise. It can effectively converge and integrate the power of the body parts, which plays a strong leverage for the athletes of the coordinated development of motor skills. As far as basketball is concerned, strong core strength can be more stable, and cab fix basketball athlete＇ s body posture, integrating the body organically with the development of all aspects, and making the upper and lower extremities more coordinated with each other, helping improve athletic level.