The novel Fe-N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with high catalytic activity in m-cresol removal was prepared by urea-assisted impregnation and simple pyrolysis method.During the preparation of the Fe-NC catalyst,th...The novel Fe-N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with high catalytic activity in m-cresol removal was prepared by urea-assisted impregnation and simple pyrolysis method.During the preparation of the Fe-NC catalyst,the complexation of N elements in urea could anchor Fe,and the formation of C3N4during urea pyrolysis could also prevent migration and aggregation of Fe species,which jointly improve the dispersion and stability of Fe.The FeN4sites and highly dispersed Fe nanoparticles synergistically trigger the dual-site peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for highly efficient m-cresol degradation,while the ordered mesoporous structure of the catalyst could improve the mass transfer rate of the catalytic process,which together promote catalytic degradation of m-cresol by PMS activation.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) analytic experiments demonstrate that the system degrades m-cresol by free radical pathway mainly based on SO_(4)^(-)·and·OH,and partially based on·OH as the active components,and a possible PMS activation mechanism by 5Fe-50 for m-cresol degradation was proposed.This study can provide theoretical guidance for the preparation of efficient and stable catalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants by activated PMS.展开更多
Environmental temperature serves as a major driver of adaptive changes in wild organisms.To discover the mechanisms underpinning cold tolerance in domestic animals,we sequenced the genomes of 28 cattle from warm and c...Environmental temperature serves as a major driver of adaptive changes in wild organisms.To discover the mechanisms underpinning cold tolerance in domestic animals,we sequenced the genomes of 28 cattle from warm and cold areas across China.By characterizing the population structure and demographic history,we identified two genetic clusters,i.e.,northern and southern groups,as well as a common historic population peak at 30 kilo years ago.Genomic scan of cold-tolerant breeds determined potential candidate genes in the thermogenesis-related pathways that were under selection.Specifically,functional analysis identified a substitution of PRDM16(p.P779 L)in northern cattle,which maintains brown adipocyte formation by boosting thermogenesis-related gene expression,indicating a vital role of this gene in cold tolerance.These findings provide a basis for genetic variation in domestic cattle shaped by environmental temperature and highlight the role of reverse mutation in livestock species.展开更多
A four-dimensional memristive system is constructed using a novel ideal memristor with cosine memductance. Due to the special memductance nonlinearity, this memristive system has a line equilibrium set(0, 0, 0, δ) lo...A four-dimensional memristive system is constructed using a novel ideal memristor with cosine memductance. Due to the special memductance nonlinearity, this memristive system has a line equilibrium set(0, 0, 0, δ) located along the coordinate of the inner state variable of the memristor, whose stability is periodically varied with a change of δ. Nonlinear and one-dimensional initial offset boosting behaviors, which are triggered by not only the initial condition of the memristor but also other two initial conditions, are numerically uncovered. Specifically, a wide variety of coexisting attractors with different positions and topological structures are revealed along the boosting route. Finally, circuit simulations are performed by Power SIMulation(PSIM) to confirm the unique dynamical features.展开更多
Obesity is increasingly prevalent globally, searching for therapeutic agents acting on adipose tissue is of great importance. Equisetin(EQST), a meroterpenoid isolated from a marine sponge-derived fungus, has been rep...Obesity is increasingly prevalent globally, searching for therapeutic agents acting on adipose tissue is of great importance. Equisetin(EQST), a meroterpenoid isolated from a marine sponge-derived fungus, has been reported to display antibacterial and antiviral activities. Here, we revealed that EQST displayed anti-obesity effects acting on adipose tissue through inhibiting adipogenesis in vitro and attenuating HFD-induced obesity in mice, doing so without affecting food intake, blood pressure or heart rate.We demonstrated that EQST inhibited the enzyme activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11β-HSD1), a therapeutic target of obesity in adipose tissue. Anti-obesity properties of EQST were all offset by applying excessive 11β-HSD1’s substrates and 11β-HSD1 inhibition through knockdown in vitro or 11β-HSD1 knockout in vivo. In the 11β-HSD1 bypass model constructed by adding excess11β-HSD1 products, EQST’s anti-obesity effects disappeared. Furthermore, EQST directly bond to11β-HSD1 protein and presented remarkable better intensity on 11β-HSD1 inhibition and better efficacy on anti-obesity than known 11β-HSD1 inhibitor. Therefore, EQST can be developed into anti-obesity candidate compound, and this study may provide more clues for developing higher effective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors.展开更多
Common buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum)is an ancient crop with a world-wide distribution.Due to its excellent nutritional quality and high economic and ecological value,common buckwheat is becoming increasingly importa...Common buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum)is an ancient crop with a world-wide distribution.Due to its excellent nutritional quality and high economic and ecological value,common buckwheat is becoming increasingly important throughout the world.The availability of a high-quality reference genome sequence and population genomic data will accelerate the breeding of common buckwheat,but the high heterozygosity due to the outcrossing nature has greatly hindered the genome assembly.Here we report the assembly of a chromosome-scale high-quality reference genome of F.esculentum var.homotropicum,a homozygous self-pollinating variant of common buckwheat.Comparative genomics revealed that two cultivated buckwheat species,common buckwheat(F.esculentum)and Tartary buckwheat(F.tataricum),underwent metabolomic divergence and ecotype differentiation.The expansion of several gene families in common buckwheat,including FhFAR genes,is associated with its wider distribution than Tartary buckwheat.Copy number variation of genes involved in the metabolism of flavonoids is associated with the difference of rutin content between common and Tartary buckwheat.Furthermore,we present a comprehensive atlas of genomic variation based on whole-genome resequencing of 572 accessions of common buckwheat.Population and evolutionary genomics reveal genetic variation associated with environmental adaptability and floral development between Chinese and non-Chinese cultivated groups.Genome-wide association analyses of multi-year agronomic traits with the content of flavonoids revealed that Fh05G014970 is a potential major regulator of flowering period,a key agronomic trait controlling the yield of outcrossing crops,and that Fh06G015130 is a crucial gene underlying flavor-associated flavonoids.Intriguingly,we found that the gene translocation and sequence variation of FhS-ELF3 contribute to the homomorphic self-compatibility of common buckwheat.Collectively,our results elucidate the genetic basis of speciation,ecological adaptation,fertility,and unique flavor of common buckwheat,and provide new resources for future genomics-assisted breeding of this economically important crop.展开更多
There is currently a huge worldwide demand for donor kidneys for organ transplantation.Consequently,numerous marginal donor kidneys,such as kidneys with microthrombi,are used to save patients'lives.While some stud...There is currently a huge worldwide demand for donor kidneys for organ transplantation.Consequently,numerous marginal donor kidneys,such as kidneys with microthrombi,are used to save patients'lives.While some studies have shown an association between the presence of microthrombi in donor kidneys and an increased risk for delayed graft function(DGF)(McCall et al.,2003;Gao et al.,2019),other studies have demonstrated that microthrombi negatively impact the rate of DGF(Batra et al.,2016;Hansen et al.,2018),but not graft survival rate(McCall et al.,2003;Batra et al.,2016;Gao et al.,2019).In contrast,Hansen et al.(2018)concluded that fibrin thrombi were not only associated with reduced graft function six months posttransplantation but also with increased graft loss within the first year of transplantation.On the other hand,Batra et al.(2016)found no significant differences in the DGF rate or one-year graft function between recipients in diffuse and focal microthrombi groups.To date,however,the overall influence of donor kidney microthrombi and the degree of influence on prognosis remain controversial,necessitating further research.展开更多
基金gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22108145 and 21978143)the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020QB189)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(SKLHOP202203008)the Talent Foundation funded by Province and Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Eco-chemical Engineering(STHGYX2201).
文摘The novel Fe-N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with high catalytic activity in m-cresol removal was prepared by urea-assisted impregnation and simple pyrolysis method.During the preparation of the Fe-NC catalyst,the complexation of N elements in urea could anchor Fe,and the formation of C3N4during urea pyrolysis could also prevent migration and aggregation of Fe species,which jointly improve the dispersion and stability of Fe.The FeN4sites and highly dispersed Fe nanoparticles synergistically trigger the dual-site peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for highly efficient m-cresol degradation,while the ordered mesoporous structure of the catalyst could improve the mass transfer rate of the catalytic process,which together promote catalytic degradation of m-cresol by PMS activation.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) analytic experiments demonstrate that the system degrades m-cresol by free radical pathway mainly based on SO_(4)^(-)·and·OH,and partially based on·OH as the active components,and a possible PMS activation mechanism by 5Fe-50 for m-cresol degradation was proposed.This study can provide theoretical guidance for the preparation of efficient and stable catalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants by activated PMS.
基金supported by the General Program(Major Research Plan)of National Natural Science Foundation of China(92057208)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0501702)+4 种基金Youth Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900830)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81770834)Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission Budget Capital Construction Fund Project(2018M640182)111 Project(D20034)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(2018M640182 to J.L.)。
文摘Environmental temperature serves as a major driver of adaptive changes in wild organisms.To discover the mechanisms underpinning cold tolerance in domestic animals,we sequenced the genomes of 28 cattle from warm and cold areas across China.By characterizing the population structure and demographic history,we identified two genetic clusters,i.e.,northern and southern groups,as well as a common historic population peak at 30 kilo years ago.Genomic scan of cold-tolerant breeds determined potential candidate genes in the thermogenesis-related pathways that were under selection.Specifically,functional analysis identified a substitution of PRDM16(p.P779 L)in northern cattle,which maintains brown adipocyte formation by boosting thermogenesis-related gene expression,indicating a vital role of this gene in cold tolerance.These findings provide a basis for genetic variation in domestic cattle shaped by environmental temperature and highlight the role of reverse mutation in livestock species.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61601062,5177016,51607013,and 61801054)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20191451)。
文摘A four-dimensional memristive system is constructed using a novel ideal memristor with cosine memductance. Due to the special memductance nonlinearity, this memristive system has a line equilibrium set(0, 0, 0, δ) located along the coordinate of the inner state variable of the memristor, whose stability is periodically varied with a change of δ. Nonlinear and one-dimensional initial offset boosting behaviors, which are triggered by not only the initial condition of the memristor but also other two initial conditions, are numerically uncovered. Specifically, a wide variety of coexisting attractors with different positions and topological structures are revealed along the boosting route. Finally, circuit simulations are performed by Power SIMulation(PSIM) to confirm the unique dynamical features.
基金supported by the following grants:CXYJ-2021-04 from the Research Foundation of Capital Institute of Pediatrics(China)81573436 from National Natural Science Foundation of China2018ZX09711-001-001-016 from the Found of the National New Drug Innovation Major Project of China。
文摘Obesity is increasingly prevalent globally, searching for therapeutic agents acting on adipose tissue is of great importance. Equisetin(EQST), a meroterpenoid isolated from a marine sponge-derived fungus, has been reported to display antibacterial and antiviral activities. Here, we revealed that EQST displayed anti-obesity effects acting on adipose tissue through inhibiting adipogenesis in vitro and attenuating HFD-induced obesity in mice, doing so without affecting food intake, blood pressure or heart rate.We demonstrated that EQST inhibited the enzyme activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11β-HSD1), a therapeutic target of obesity in adipose tissue. Anti-obesity properties of EQST were all offset by applying excessive 11β-HSD1’s substrates and 11β-HSD1 inhibition through knockdown in vitro or 11β-HSD1 knockout in vivo. In the 11β-HSD1 bypass model constructed by adding excess11β-HSD1 products, EQST’s anti-obesity effects disappeared. Furthermore, EQST directly bond to11β-HSD1 protein and presented remarkable better intensity on 11β-HSD1 inhibition and better efficacy on anti-obesity than known 11β-HSD1 inhibitor. Therefore, EQST can be developed into anti-obesity candidate compound, and this study may provide more clues for developing higher effective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0140800)the European Union Horizon 2020 project ECOBREED(771367)+4 种基金the Youth Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.Y2022QC02)Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(SCKJ-JYRC-2022-22)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32161143005,31911530772,32111540258)PlantaSYST(SGA No 739582 under FPA No.664620)the BG05M2OP001-1.003-001-C01 project,financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the“Science and Education for Smart Growth”Operational Programme and Slovenian Research Agency,program P4-0077“Genetics and Modern Technologies of Crops”.
文摘Common buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum)is an ancient crop with a world-wide distribution.Due to its excellent nutritional quality and high economic and ecological value,common buckwheat is becoming increasingly important throughout the world.The availability of a high-quality reference genome sequence and population genomic data will accelerate the breeding of common buckwheat,but the high heterozygosity due to the outcrossing nature has greatly hindered the genome assembly.Here we report the assembly of a chromosome-scale high-quality reference genome of F.esculentum var.homotropicum,a homozygous self-pollinating variant of common buckwheat.Comparative genomics revealed that two cultivated buckwheat species,common buckwheat(F.esculentum)and Tartary buckwheat(F.tataricum),underwent metabolomic divergence and ecotype differentiation.The expansion of several gene families in common buckwheat,including FhFAR genes,is associated with its wider distribution than Tartary buckwheat.Copy number variation of genes involved in the metabolism of flavonoids is associated with the difference of rutin content between common and Tartary buckwheat.Furthermore,we present a comprehensive atlas of genomic variation based on whole-genome resequencing of 572 accessions of common buckwheat.Population and evolutionary genomics reveal genetic variation associated with environmental adaptability and floral development between Chinese and non-Chinese cultivated groups.Genome-wide association analyses of multi-year agronomic traits with the content of flavonoids revealed that Fh05G014970 is a potential major regulator of flowering period,a key agronomic trait controlling the yield of outcrossing crops,and that Fh06G015130 is a crucial gene underlying flavor-associated flavonoids.Intriguingly,we found that the gene translocation and sequence variation of FhS-ELF3 contribute to the homomorphic self-compatibility of common buckwheat.Collectively,our results elucidate the genetic basis of speciation,ecological adaptation,fertility,and unique flavor of common buckwheat,and provide new resources for future genomics-assisted breeding of this economically important crop.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(No.2019C03029)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82070766,81870510,and U21A20350)the Bethune Charitable Foundation(No.GX2019010112),China.
文摘There is currently a huge worldwide demand for donor kidneys for organ transplantation.Consequently,numerous marginal donor kidneys,such as kidneys with microthrombi,are used to save patients'lives.While some studies have shown an association between the presence of microthrombi in donor kidneys and an increased risk for delayed graft function(DGF)(McCall et al.,2003;Gao et al.,2019),other studies have demonstrated that microthrombi negatively impact the rate of DGF(Batra et al.,2016;Hansen et al.,2018),but not graft survival rate(McCall et al.,2003;Batra et al.,2016;Gao et al.,2019).In contrast,Hansen et al.(2018)concluded that fibrin thrombi were not only associated with reduced graft function six months posttransplantation but also with increased graft loss within the first year of transplantation.On the other hand,Batra et al.(2016)found no significant differences in the DGF rate or one-year graft function between recipients in diffuse and focal microthrombi groups.To date,however,the overall influence of donor kidney microthrombi and the degree of influence on prognosis remain controversial,necessitating further research.
