The double ionization process of molecules driven by co-rotating two-color circularly polarized fields is investigated with a three-dimensional classical ensemble model. Numerical results indicate that a considerable ...The double ionization process of molecules driven by co-rotating two-color circularly polarized fields is investigated with a three-dimensional classical ensemble model. Numerical results indicate that a considerable part of the sequential double ionization(DI) events of molecules occur through internal collision double ionization(ICD), and the ICD recollision mechanism is significantly different from that in non-sequential double ionization(NSDI). By analyzing the results of internuclear distances R = 5 a.u. and 2 a.u., these two recollision mechanisms are studied in depth. It is found that the dynamic behaviors of the recollision mechanisms of NSDI and ICD are similar. For NSDI, the motion range of electrons after the ionization is relatively large, and the electrons will return to the core after a period of time. In the ICD process,electrons will rotate around the parent ion before ionization, and the distance of the electron motion is relatively small. After a period of time, the electrons will come back to the core and collide with another electron. Furthermore, the molecular internuclear distance has a significant effect on the electron dynamic behavior of the two ionization mechanisms. This study will help to understand the multi-electron ionization process of complex systems.展开更多
BACKGROUND Posterior atlantoaxial dislocation(PAD)is a rare type of upper cervical spine disease.We sought to describe a unreported case of old PAD with os odontoideum(OO)and atlas hypoplasia(AH)and our unique treatme...BACKGROUND Posterior atlantoaxial dislocation(PAD)is a rare type of upper cervical spine disease.We sought to describe a unreported case of old PAD with os odontoideum(OO)and atlas hypoplasia(AH)and our unique treatment approach consisting of C1 single door laminoplasty with C1-3 posterior fixation and fusion.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old male patient who suffered from progressive aggravating numbness and limb weakness for 4 years without trauma,was diagnosed with old PAD with OO and AH.The patient underwent closed reduction and C1 single door laminoplasty with C1-3 posterior fixation and fusion instead of C1 laminectomy with occipitocervical fusion.During the 3-year follow-up,he was able to walk by himself instead of using a wheelchair and with a±25°range of head rotation as well as a±10°range of flexion-extension.Three-year follow-up images showed satisfactory reduction and fusion.CONCLUSION C1 single door laminoplasty with cervical fusion in PAD combined with spinal cord compression could be a suitable and effective surgical option.Compared with laminectomy and occipitocervical fusion,it retains more cervical range of motion,has a smaller incision and provides an adequate bone grafting space for atlantoaxial fusion.展开更多
BACKGROUND Solitary bone plasmacytoma(SBP)of the upper cervical spine is a rare diagnosis.The exact role of surgery for SBP remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY We present the first case of SBP of the C2.A 69-year-old Chinese...BACKGROUND Solitary bone plasmacytoma(SBP)of the upper cervical spine is a rare diagnosis.The exact role of surgery for SBP remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY We present the first case of SBP of the C2.A 69-year-old Chinese woman presented with severe neck pain and limitation of rotative activity for 2 mo.She underwent anterior one-stage debridement combined with cement augmentation in the C2 to reconstruct stability of the spine.The patient did not receive postoperative radiotherapy.She now remains disease free with no neck pain or neurological deficit after follow-up of 3 years.CONCLUSION Anterior one-stage debridement combined with cement augmentation of the upper cervical spine may be an alternative treatment for SBP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Fractures of the axis are commonly seen in spinal injuries. Upper cervical fractures are usually managed conservatively. However, the complications due to long-term external immobilization cannot be ignored...BACKGROUND Fractures of the axis are commonly seen in spinal injuries. Upper cervical fractures are usually managed conservatively. However, the complications due to long-term external immobilization cannot be ignored. The traditional open surgery has the disadvantages of too much blood loss and soft tissue injury. The aim of our paper is to introduce a minimally invasive surgical treatment for multiple axis fractures.CASE SUMMARY We report a 40-year-old Chinese male who had severe neck pain and difficult neck movement after falling from 3 meters. X-ray and computed tomography(CT) scan revealed an axis injury consisting of an odontoid Type Ⅲ fracture associated with a Hangman fracture categorized as a Levine-Edwards Type Ⅰ fracture. The patient underwent anterior odontoid screw fixation and posterior percutaneous screw fixation using intraoperative O-arm navigation. Neck pain was markedly improved after surgery. X-rays and CT scan reconstructions of 3-mo follow-up showed good stability and fusion. The range of cervical motion was well preserved.CONCLUSION Anterior odontoid screw fixation and posterior direct C2 percutaneous pedicle screw fixation with the aid of O-arm navigation and neurophysiological monitoring can be an interesting alternative option for complicated multiple axis fractures.展开更多
Objective:To explore the potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by Aconitum brachypodum through network toxicology.Methods:The active components and targets of Aconitum brachypodum were identified and screened ...Objective:To explore the potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by Aconitum brachypodum through network toxicology.Methods:The active components and targets of Aconitum brachypodum were identified and screened by CNKI,PubChem database,Swiss Target Prediction database.Genecards,pharmGKB and DisGeNET databases were used to collect hepatotoxicity related targets.The intersection targets were obtained by matching the active component targets with the hepatotoxic targets of Aconitum brachypodum.Cytoscape software was used to construct the"Aconitum brachypodum-potential active components-potential targets-hepatotoxicity"network.The STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of the targets and to screen out the core targets.In addition,Gene Ontology(GO)function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by R software.The toxic components in Aconitum brachypodum were docked with the core targets.Results:In this study,26 chemical components were screened via SwissADME,297 targets for the active components of Aconitum brachypodum were obtained.There were 1,096 hepatotoxicity-related targets,73 potential targets for hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum,and 15 potential active components,among which Penduline,Songoramine,Sitosterol,Daucosterol and Bullatine A were the key active components for hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum,and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),mitogen-activated protein kinase 8(MAPK8)and tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2(JAK2)were the potential targets for hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum.There were 1,133 GO entries(P<0.05),including 1,045 entries of biological process(BP),19 entries of cellular component(CC),and 69 entries of molecular function(MF).KEGG enrichment analysis revealed 115 pathways(P<0.05),of which EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance,hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1)signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,calcium signaling pathway,T helper 17(Th17)cell differentiation was strongly correlated with the hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum.Molecular docking results showed that the binding activity was good.Conclusion:Through network toxicology analysis,it was found that the active ingredients in Aconitum brachypodum may act on multiple targets and signaling pathways,thereby participating in the activation of an excessive inflammatory response,oxidative stress,apoptosis and other pathways on the whole,thus resulting in hepatotoxicity.展开更多
Objective:In order to elucidate the biological activity of the Co-cultured adventitious roots(ARs) of Echinacea pallida and Echinacea purpurea and provide theoretical basis for its application,and the antiinflammatory...Objective:In order to elucidate the biological activity of the Co-cultured adventitious roots(ARs) of Echinacea pallida and Echinacea purpurea and provide theoretical basis for its application,and the antiinflammatory activities and potential mechanisms of Co-cultured ARs were studied.Methods:The experimental materials were obtained by bioreactor co-culture technology and used in the activity research.In this study,mouse macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) were used as in vitro model.Different concentrations of AR extract(50-400 g/mL) were used to treat cells.The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) phosphorylation,and the inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B-a levels were determined by the Western blot analysis.Results:In the co-cultured ARs,total flavonoids and total caffeic acid were determined,and the contents of both bioactive compounds were significantly higher than those ARs from the single-species culture.Compared with the control group,the large amount of pro-inflammatory mediators was released after LPS stimulation.However,in the extract groups with different concentrations(25,50,and 100 g/mL),the production of these pro-inflammatory mediators was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,the levels of phosphorylation of MAPK proteins,including p-p38, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase,and p-extracellular regulated protein kinases were significantly(P <0.05) decreased in the extract groups,revealing that the AR extract probably involved in regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusion:Collectively,our findings suggested that the co-cultured ARs of E.pallida and E.purpurea can inhibit production of pro-inflammatory mediators in mouse peritoneal macrophages and possess the anti-inflammatory effect by regulating MAPK signaling pathways.展开更多
2-Amino-3-nitrile-chromenes with potential antitumor activity were constructed by a novel catalytic system. In combination with a-naphthol, quinine could effectively promote the Michael-cyclization process of malononi...2-Amino-3-nitrile-chromenes with potential antitumor activity were constructed by a novel catalytic system. In combination with a-naphthol, quinine could effectively promote the Michael-cyclization process of malononitrile with functionalized chalcones in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivity（up to 84% ee）. It is notable that the enantioselectivity could be greatly improved when a-naphthol was employed as additive.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2019YFA0307700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12074145 and 11975012)+1 种基金Jilin Provincial Research Foundation for Basic Research,China (Grant No.20220101003JC)Jilin Provincial Education Department (Grant No.JJKH20230284KJ)。
文摘The double ionization process of molecules driven by co-rotating two-color circularly polarized fields is investigated with a three-dimensional classical ensemble model. Numerical results indicate that a considerable part of the sequential double ionization(DI) events of molecules occur through internal collision double ionization(ICD), and the ICD recollision mechanism is significantly different from that in non-sequential double ionization(NSDI). By analyzing the results of internuclear distances R = 5 a.u. and 2 a.u., these two recollision mechanisms are studied in depth. It is found that the dynamic behaviors of the recollision mechanisms of NSDI and ICD are similar. For NSDI, the motion range of electrons after the ionization is relatively large, and the electrons will return to the core after a period of time. In the ICD process,electrons will rotate around the parent ion before ionization, and the distance of the electron motion is relatively small. After a period of time, the electrons will come back to the core and collide with another electron. Furthermore, the molecular internuclear distance has a significant effect on the electron dynamic behavior of the two ionization mechanisms. This study will help to understand the multi-electron ionization process of complex systems.
文摘BACKGROUND Posterior atlantoaxial dislocation(PAD)is a rare type of upper cervical spine disease.We sought to describe a unreported case of old PAD with os odontoideum(OO)and atlas hypoplasia(AH)and our unique treatment approach consisting of C1 single door laminoplasty with C1-3 posterior fixation and fusion.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old male patient who suffered from progressive aggravating numbness and limb weakness for 4 years without trauma,was diagnosed with old PAD with OO and AH.The patient underwent closed reduction and C1 single door laminoplasty with C1-3 posterior fixation and fusion instead of C1 laminectomy with occipitocervical fusion.During the 3-year follow-up,he was able to walk by himself instead of using a wheelchair and with a±25°range of head rotation as well as a±10°range of flexion-extension.Three-year follow-up images showed satisfactory reduction and fusion.CONCLUSION C1 single door laminoplasty with cervical fusion in PAD combined with spinal cord compression could be a suitable and effective surgical option.Compared with laminectomy and occipitocervical fusion,it retains more cervical range of motion,has a smaller incision and provides an adequate bone grafting space for atlantoaxial fusion.
文摘BACKGROUND Solitary bone plasmacytoma(SBP)of the upper cervical spine is a rare diagnosis.The exact role of surgery for SBP remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY We present the first case of SBP of the C2.A 69-year-old Chinese woman presented with severe neck pain and limitation of rotative activity for 2 mo.She underwent anterior one-stage debridement combined with cement augmentation in the C2 to reconstruct stability of the spine.The patient did not receive postoperative radiotherapy.She now remains disease free with no neck pain or neurological deficit after follow-up of 3 years.CONCLUSION Anterior one-stage debridement combined with cement augmentation of the upper cervical spine may be an alternative treatment for SBP.
文摘BACKGROUND Fractures of the axis are commonly seen in spinal injuries. Upper cervical fractures are usually managed conservatively. However, the complications due to long-term external immobilization cannot be ignored. The traditional open surgery has the disadvantages of too much blood loss and soft tissue injury. The aim of our paper is to introduce a minimally invasive surgical treatment for multiple axis fractures.CASE SUMMARY We report a 40-year-old Chinese male who had severe neck pain and difficult neck movement after falling from 3 meters. X-ray and computed tomography(CT) scan revealed an axis injury consisting of an odontoid Type Ⅲ fracture associated with a Hangman fracture categorized as a Levine-Edwards Type Ⅰ fracture. The patient underwent anterior odontoid screw fixation and posterior percutaneous screw fixation using intraoperative O-arm navigation. Neck pain was markedly improved after surgery. X-rays and CT scan reconstructions of 3-mo follow-up showed good stability and fusion. The range of cervical motion was well preserved.CONCLUSION Anterior odontoid screw fixation and posterior direct C2 percutaneous pedicle screw fixation with the aid of O-arm navigation and neurophysiological monitoring can be an interesting alternative option for complicated multiple axis fractures.
文摘Objective:To explore the potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by Aconitum brachypodum through network toxicology.Methods:The active components and targets of Aconitum brachypodum were identified and screened by CNKI,PubChem database,Swiss Target Prediction database.Genecards,pharmGKB and DisGeNET databases were used to collect hepatotoxicity related targets.The intersection targets were obtained by matching the active component targets with the hepatotoxic targets of Aconitum brachypodum.Cytoscape software was used to construct the"Aconitum brachypodum-potential active components-potential targets-hepatotoxicity"network.The STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of the targets and to screen out the core targets.In addition,Gene Ontology(GO)function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by R software.The toxic components in Aconitum brachypodum were docked with the core targets.Results:In this study,26 chemical components were screened via SwissADME,297 targets for the active components of Aconitum brachypodum were obtained.There were 1,096 hepatotoxicity-related targets,73 potential targets for hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum,and 15 potential active components,among which Penduline,Songoramine,Sitosterol,Daucosterol and Bullatine A were the key active components for hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum,and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),mitogen-activated protein kinase 8(MAPK8)and tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2(JAK2)were the potential targets for hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum.There were 1,133 GO entries(P<0.05),including 1,045 entries of biological process(BP),19 entries of cellular component(CC),and 69 entries of molecular function(MF).KEGG enrichment analysis revealed 115 pathways(P<0.05),of which EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance,hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1)signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,calcium signaling pathway,T helper 17(Th17)cell differentiation was strongly correlated with the hepatotoxicity caused by Aconitum brachypodum.Molecular docking results showed that the binding activity was good.Conclusion:Through network toxicology analysis,it was found that the active ingredients in Aconitum brachypodum may act on multiple targets and signaling pathways,thereby participating in the activation of an excessive inflammatory response,oxidative stress,apoptosis and other pathways on the whole,thus resulting in hepatotoxicity.
基金supported by grants the Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program (20180101278JC) for the financial supportthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370388 and 31660080)。
文摘Objective:In order to elucidate the biological activity of the Co-cultured adventitious roots(ARs) of Echinacea pallida and Echinacea purpurea and provide theoretical basis for its application,and the antiinflammatory activities and potential mechanisms of Co-cultured ARs were studied.Methods:The experimental materials were obtained by bioreactor co-culture technology and used in the activity research.In this study,mouse macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) were used as in vitro model.Different concentrations of AR extract(50-400 g/mL) were used to treat cells.The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) phosphorylation,and the inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B-a levels were determined by the Western blot analysis.Results:In the co-cultured ARs,total flavonoids and total caffeic acid were determined,and the contents of both bioactive compounds were significantly higher than those ARs from the single-species culture.Compared with the control group,the large amount of pro-inflammatory mediators was released after LPS stimulation.However,in the extract groups with different concentrations(25,50,and 100 g/mL),the production of these pro-inflammatory mediators was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,the levels of phosphorylation of MAPK proteins,including p-p38, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase,and p-extracellular regulated protein kinases were significantly(P <0.05) decreased in the extract groups,revealing that the AR extract probably involved in regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusion:Collectively,our findings suggested that the co-cultured ARs of E.pallida and E.purpurea can inhibit production of pro-inflammatory mediators in mouse peritoneal macrophages and possess the anti-inflammatory effect by regulating MAPK signaling pathways.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21402163)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2013JY0135)the Graduate Innovation Project of Southwest University for Nationalities(No.CX2015SZ064)
文摘2-Amino-3-nitrile-chromenes with potential antitumor activity were constructed by a novel catalytic system. In combination with a-naphthol, quinine could effectively promote the Michael-cyclization process of malononitrile with functionalized chalcones in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivity（up to 84% ee）. It is notable that the enantioselectivity could be greatly improved when a-naphthol was employed as additive.
