Comprehensive influence of individualized nutrition support and nursing strategy on rehabilitation of patients with liver cancer after operation

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms.Surgical intervention constitutes a critical therapeutic approach for this condition.Nonetheless,postoperative recovery is frequently influenced by the patient's nutritional status and the quality of nursing care provided.AIM To examine the comprehensive impact of personalized nutritional support and nursing strategies on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with liver cancer.METHODS In this study,a retrospective comparative analysis was conducted involving 60 post-operative liver cancer patients.The subjects were selected as subjects and divided into two groups based on differing nursing interventions,with each group comprising 30 patients.The control group received standard nutritional support and care,whereas the experimental group received individualized nutritional support and nursing strategies.The study aimed to evaluate the impact of individualized nutrition by comparing the rehabilitation indices,nutritional status,quality of life(QoL),and complication rates between the two groups.RESULTS The results showed that the recovery index of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group 2 weeks after surgery,and the average liver function recovery index of the experimental group was 85.significantly higher than that of the control group(73.67±7.19).In terms of nutritional status,the serum albumin level and body weight stabilization rate of the experimental group were also significantly higher than those of the control group,which were 42.33±2.4 g/L and 93.3%,respectively,compared with 36.01±3.85 g/L and 76.7%of the control group.In addition,the average QoL score of the experimental group was 84.66±3.7 points,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(70.92±4.28 points).At the psychological level,the average anxiety score of the experimental group was 1.17±0.29,and the average depression score was 1.47±0.4,which were significantly lower than the 2.26±0.42 and 2.57±0.45 of the control group.This showed that patients in the experimental group were better relieved of anxiety and depression under the individualized nutrition support and nursing strategy.More importantly,the complication rate in the experimental group was only 10%,much lower than the 33.3%in the control group.CONCLUSION Personalized nutritional support and tailored nursing strategies significantly enhance the postoperative rehabilitation of liver cancer patients.Consequently,it is recommended to implement and advocate for these individualized approaches to improve both the recovery outcomes and QoL for these patients.

Association of age at diagnosis of diabetes with subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases and vision acuity

BACKGROUND The importance of age on the development of ocular conditions has been reported by numerous studies.Diabetes may have different associations with different stages of ocular conditions,and the duration of diabetes may affect the development of diabetic eye disease.While there is a dose-response relationship between the age at diagnosis of diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality,whether the age at diagnosis of diabetes is associated with incident ocular conditions remains to be explored.It is unclear which types of diabetes are more predictive of ocular conditions.AIM To examine associations between the age of diabetes diagnosis and the incidence of cataract,glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration(AMD),and vision acuity.METHODS Our analysis was using the UK Biobank.The cohort included 8709 diabetic participants and 17418 controls for ocular condition analysis,and 6689 diabetic participants and 13378 controls for vision analysis.Ocular diseases were identified using inpatient records until January 2021.Vision acuity was assessed using a chart.RESULTS During a median follow-up of 11.0 years,3874,665,and 616 new cases of cataract,glaucoma,and AMD,respectively,were identified.A stronger association between diabetes and incident ocular conditions was observed where diabetes was diagnosed at a younger age.Individuals with type 2 diabetes(T2D)diagnosed at<45 years[HR(95%CI):2.71(1.49-4.93)],45-49 years[2.57(1.17-5.65)],50-54 years[1.85(1.13-3.04)],or 50-59 years of age[1.53(1.00-2.34)]had a higher risk of AMD independent of glycated haemoglobin.T2D diagnosed<45 years[HR(95%CI):2.18(1.71-2.79)],45-49 years[1.54(1.19-2.01)],50-54 years[1.60(1.31-1.96)],or 55-59 years of age[1.21(1.02-1.43)]was associated with an increased cataract risk.T2D diagnosed<45 years of age only was associated with an increased risk of glaucoma[HR(95%CI):1.76(1.00-3.12)].HRs(95%CIs)for AMD,cataract,and glaucoma associated with type 1 diabetes(T1D)were 4.12(1.99-8.53),2.95(2.17-4.02),and 2.40(1.09-5.31),respectively.In multivariable-adjusted analysis,individuals with T2D diagnosed<45 years of age[β95%CI:0.025(0.009,0.040)]had a larger increase in LogMAR.Theβ(95%CI)for LogMAR associated with T1D was 0.044(0.014,0.073).CONCLUSION The younger age at the diagnosis of diabetes is associated with a larger relative risk of incident ocular diseases and greater vision loss.

Incidence,prevalence,and comorbidities of chronic pancreatitis:A 7-year population-based study

BACKGROUND Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a fibroinflammatory syndrome leading to reduced quality of life and shortened life expectancy.Population-based estimates of the incidence,prevalence,and comorbidities of CP in China are scarce.AIM To characterize the incidence,prevalence,and comorbidities of CP in Sichuan Province,China,with population-based data.METHODS Data on CP from 2015 to 2021 were obtained from the Health Information Center of Sichuan Province.During the study period,a total of 38090 individuals were diagnosed with CP in Sichuan Province.The yearly incidence rate and point prevalence rate(December 31,2021)of CP were calculated.The prevalence of comorbid conditions in CP patients was estimated.The annual number of CPrelated hospitalizations,hospital length of stay,and hospitalization costs for CP were evaluated.Yearly incidence rates were standardized for age by the direct method using the permanent population of Sichuan Province in the 2020 census as the standard population.An analysis of variance test for the linearity of scaled variables and the Cochran-Armitage trend test for categorical data were performed to investigate the yearly trends,and a two-sided test with P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS The 38090 CP patients comprised 23280 males and 14810 females.The mean age of patients at CP diagnosis was 57.83 years,with male patients(55.87 years)being younger than female patients(60.11 years)(P<0.001).The mean incidence rate of CP during the study period was 6.81 per 100000 person-years,and the incidence of CP increased each year,from 4.03 per 100000 person-years in 2015 to 8.27 per 100000 person-years in 2021(P<0.001).The point prevalence rate of CP in 2021 was 45.52 per 100000 individuals for the total population,with rates of 55.04 per 100000 individuals for men and 35.78 per 100000 individuals for women(P<0.001).Individuals aged 65 years or older had the highest prevalence of CP(113.38 per 100000 individuals)(P<0.001).Diabetes(26.32%)was the most common comorbidity in CP patients.The number of CP-related hospitalizations increased from 3739 in 2015 to 11009 in 2021.The total costs for CP-related hospitalizations for CP patients over the study period were 667.96 million yuan,with an average of 17538 yuan per patient.CONCLUSION The yearly incidence of CP is increasing,and the overall CP hospitalization cost has increased by 1.4 times during the last 7 years,indicating that CP remains a heavy health burden.

Structural regulation of coal-derived hard carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries via pre-oxidation

Hard carbon(HC)is broadly recognized as an exceptionally prospective candidate for the anodes of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),but their practical implementation faces substantial limitations linked to precursor factors,such as reduced carbon yield and increased cost.Herein,a cost-effective approach is proposed to prepare a coal-derived HC anode with simple pre-oxidation followed by a post-carbonization process which effectively expands the d_(002)layer spacing,generates closed pores and increases defect sites.Through these modifications,the resulting HC anode attains a delicate equilibrium between plateau capacity and sloping capacity,showcasing a remarkable reversible capacity of 306.3 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.03 A·g^(-1).Furthermore,the produ ced HC exhibits fast reaction kinetics and exceptional rate performance,achieving a capacity of 289 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1),equivalent to~94.5%of that at 0.03 A·g^(-1).When implemented in a full cell configuration,the impressive electrochemical performance is evident,with a notable energy density of 410.6 Wh·kg^(-1)(based on cathode mass).In short,we provide a straightforward yet efficient method for regulating coal-derived HC,which is crucial for the widespread use of SIBs anodes.

钠离子电池Na_(0.62)K_(0.05)Mn_(0.7)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.1)O_(2)正极材料:钾离子掺杂且{001}面稳定的中空多面体

钠离子电池中,正极材料至关重要,在很大程度上决定了整个电池的能量密度等性能.层状氧化物是钠离子电池中最有潜力的正极材料之一.然而,层状氧化物仍面临着不可逆相变、容量低、空气稳定性差和循环寿命短等缺点,限制了其实际应用.为了解决相关问题,本研究成功制备了中空结构的Na_(0.62)K_(0.05)Mn_(0.7)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.1)O_(2)多面体正极材料.其中,少量的大尺寸钾离子实现了对材料中相应钠离子的取代;镍离子的较高氧化还原电位使得氧化物正极材料能够在空气中稳定保存.在100 mA g^(-1)电流密度下放电100次后,仍可保持115.0 mA h g^(-1)的放电比容量.在500 mA g^(-1)的较大电流密度下,材料仍然可实现104.1 mA h g^(-1)的较高放电比容量.研究结果表明,充放电过程中,氧化物正极材料的P2到O2的相变得到了有效地抑制.同时钾离子在层间的嵌入掺杂,使得氧化物正极的钠离子层间距增大,提升了钠离子的迁移速率.因此,Na_(0.62)K_(0.05)Mn_(0.7)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.1)O_(2)应用于钠离子电池正极时展现出较大的吸引力和应用前景.

Suppressing oxygen redox in layered oxide cathode of sodium-ion batteries with ribbon superstructure and solid-solution behavior

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are proved as one of the most acceptable candidates for replacing lithium-ion batteries in some fields by virtue of a similar“rocking chair”mechanism and the abundance of sodium.The voltage,rate performance,and energy density of these batteries are mainly determined by the cath-odes.Hence,a Li-Ni-Co co-substituted P2-Na_(0.67)[Li_(0.1)(Mn_(0.7)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.1))_(0.9)]O_(2)(NLMNC)with ribbon super-structure is prepared with the aim of multi-ion synergistic modification.Owing to the addition of Ni and Co,the Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn can be suppressed corresponding with the improved structural stability,and a little bit of oxygen redox activities is triggered.When with the substitution of 10%Li,the X-ray diffraction(XRD)peaks of NLMNC show the ribbon superstructure at about 21°and 22°.The smooth charge/discharge profiles of the NLMNC cathode exhibit the solid-solution reaction.In addition,the platform at high voltage disappears corresponding with the existing oxygen redox activities being suppressed which may be related to the ribbon superstructure and the promotion of the Ni redox.Such NLMNC cathode can deliver a reversible discharge capacity of 123.5 mA h g^(-1)at 10 mA g^(-1).Even if the current density increases to 500 mA g^(-1),a reversible discharge capacity of 112.8 mA h g^(-1)still can be ob-tained.The distinguished cycling stability is related to the reversible migration of Li+between the metal oxide layer and the interlayer and low volume change during cycling.It is also needing to be mentioned that the capacity retention of NLMNC cathode is about 94.4%(based on the highest discharge capacity)after 100 cycles.This work presents an effective route to develop high-performance cathodes for SIBs.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of NANOBAIN Steel

The microstructure and mechanical properties of NANOBAIN steel treated at different isothermal temperatures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,uniaxial tensile tests and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.It was found that bainitic ferrite（BF）plate was made of basic shear transformation units arranged in the same direction of subunits.The existence of defects,such as nanoscale twinning and dislocation,suggested that the growth of transformation units was controlled by the surrounding defect plane with dislocation,which was consistent with the moving direction of BF/austenite interface parallel to the twinning plane.The behavior of work hardening indicated that mechanical stability of microstructures obtained at 250 ℃ and 300 ℃ was much more stable than that obtained at 210℃.The evolution of carbon partitioning in retained austenite and bainitic ferrite also indicated that austenite was enriched in carbon at the initial stage step by step;after the formation of BF,the austenite did not seem to be greatly enriched in carbon and the carbon content showed a little decrease instead;subsequently,aphenomenon of little decarburization of supersaturated bainitic ferrite has also been found.

High-throughput base editing KO screening of cellular factors for enhanced GBE

Base editor techniques have been developed as a means of precisely converting bases without the need for double-stranded DNA breaks(DSBs)or editing templates.Currently,these techniques can be used for cytosine(C)to thymine(T)conversions(cytosine base editors,CBEs)(Komor et al.,2016;Nishida et al.,2016),adenine(A)to guanine(G)conversions(adenine base editors,ABEs)(Gaudelli et al.,2017),and cytosine(C)to guanine(G)conversions(glycosylase base editors,GBEs)(Zhao et al.,2021)in mammalian cells.GBE,in particular,is a promising base editing technique capable of correcting up to 11%of the 32,044 pathogenic single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)known to date(Gaudelli et al.,2017).Despite its potential,the performance of GBE is still not optimal,and its editing outcomes exhibit a wider variation range than those of CBEs due to the dependence on cellular DNA repair systems(Jiang et al.,2021),which implies that efficient GBE performance remains a challenge.

Sequence motifs and prediction model of GBE editing outcomes based on target library analysis and machine learning

Base editor techniques were developed for precise base conversion without requiring double-stranded DNA breaks(DSBs) or an editing template(Komor et al., 2016;Nishida et al., 2016).