Intracranial artery stenosis(ICAS)in youth is an under-explored condition.ICAS is one of the leading causes of stroke in young people worldwide and confers a higher risk of stroke recurrence,leading to a poor prognosi...Intracranial artery stenosis(ICAS)in youth is an under-explored condition.ICAS is one of the leading causes of stroke in young people worldwide and confers a higher risk of stroke recurrence,leading to a poor prognosis for individuals and a great burden to society.The etiology and risk factors of ICAS in youth differ from those of older patients,thus resulting in a difference in the progression and prognosis of the disease.Even though the diagnosis of ICAS is lumen-based,it is sometimes difficult to identify in young patients based on imaging alone.Notably,novel vessel wall imaging techniques play an important role in determining the cause of stenosis and screening patients at high risk of recurrence.Moreover,pharmacologic regimens and risk factor control goals for ICAS in young adults are largely consistent with those in older patients.Thus,considering the poor prognosis,there is an urgent need for high-quality studies in the young ICAS population to analyze the high-quality observational data collected.展开更多
Albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma and is synthesized primarily in the liver.It has a variety of biological roles,such as increasing colloid osmotic pressure, and performing antioxidant, anti-inflam-matory...Albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma and is synthesized primarily in the liver.It has a variety of biological roles,such as increasing colloid osmotic pressure, and performing antioxidant, anti-inflam-matory,and substance transportation functions.Several studies have confirmed that albumin has neuroprotective effects and it has been used in the treatment of cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure.In this review we focus on the neuroprotective effects of albumin in ischemic stroke,such as the reduction of cerebral edema, antioxidant effects, protection of neuronal cell membranes, and increased cerebral blood flow. In addition, we summarize preclinical and clinical studies of albumin in ischemic stroke. We believe that the neuroprotective role of albumin should be re-investigated in the era of reperfusion therapy.展开更多
1.Introduction Stroke remains the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of death and disability combined worldwide,as indicated by disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs)lost[1].The highest burden of...1.Introduction Stroke remains the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of death and disability combined worldwide,as indicated by disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs)lost[1].The highest burden of stroke disability is observed in developing countries of Asia and the stroke belt of the United States[2].Despite remarkable progress and advancements in evidence-based acute care therapies,such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy,the burden of stroke remains significantly high[3].In 2023,a significant advancement in the treatment of ischemic stroke due to proximal intracranial arterial occlusion was marked by compelling evidence from several clinical trials that supported endovascular therapy,particularly for patients with a large ischemic core[4].Thus,endovascular therapy has entered a new era since the first clinical trial favoring endovascular therapy.However,more patients receiving endovascular therapy does not equal a better prognosis.Patients with stroke experience long-term dysfunction,and the percentage is much higher in patients with large ischemic cores.Therefore,numerous tasks must be performed to optimize acute stroke treatment strategies and improve rehabilitative care.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071468,82271507).
文摘Intracranial artery stenosis(ICAS)in youth is an under-explored condition.ICAS is one of the leading causes of stroke in young people worldwide and confers a higher risk of stroke recurrence,leading to a poor prognosis for individuals and a great burden to society.The etiology and risk factors of ICAS in youth differ from those of older patients,thus resulting in a difference in the progression and prognosis of the disease.Even though the diagnosis of ICAS is lumen-based,it is sometimes difficult to identify in young patients based on imaging alone.Notably,novel vessel wall imaging techniques play an important role in determining the cause of stenosis and screening patients at high risk of recurrence.Moreover,pharmacologic regimens and risk factor control goals for ICAS in young adults are largely consistent with those in older patients.Thus,considering the poor prognosis,there is an urgent need for high-quality studies in the young ICAS population to analyze the high-quality observational data collected.
文摘Albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma and is synthesized primarily in the liver.It has a variety of biological roles,such as increasing colloid osmotic pressure, and performing antioxidant, anti-inflam-matory,and substance transportation functions.Several studies have confirmed that albumin has neuroprotective effects and it has been used in the treatment of cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure.In this review we focus on the neuroprotective effects of albumin in ischemic stroke,such as the reduction of cerebral edema, antioxidant effects, protection of neuronal cell membranes, and increased cerebral blood flow. In addition, we summarize preclinical and clinical studies of albumin in ischemic stroke. We believe that the neuroprotective role of albumin should be re-investigated in the era of reperfusion therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82027802,82371470,and 82071468).
文摘1.Introduction Stroke remains the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of death and disability combined worldwide,as indicated by disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs)lost[1].The highest burden of stroke disability is observed in developing countries of Asia and the stroke belt of the United States[2].Despite remarkable progress and advancements in evidence-based acute care therapies,such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy,the burden of stroke remains significantly high[3].In 2023,a significant advancement in the treatment of ischemic stroke due to proximal intracranial arterial occlusion was marked by compelling evidence from several clinical trials that supported endovascular therapy,particularly for patients with a large ischemic core[4].Thus,endovascular therapy has entered a new era since the first clinical trial favoring endovascular therapy.However,more patients receiving endovascular therapy does not equal a better prognosis.Patients with stroke experience long-term dysfunction,and the percentage is much higher in patients with large ischemic cores.Therefore,numerous tasks must be performed to optimize acute stroke treatment strategies and improve rehabilitative care.
