目的/意义研发贴合急诊医学临床教学特点的病例模拟软件,并应用于医学生急诊临床实习教学,丰富急诊医学科等专科临床带教手段。方法/过程利用Visual Studio 2017平台开发软件并实现编辑病例与模拟训练两大核心功能,导入自主设计的急诊...目的/意义研发贴合急诊医学临床教学特点的病例模拟软件,并应用于医学生急诊临床实习教学,丰富急诊医学科等专科临床带教手段。方法/过程利用Visual Studio 2017平台开发软件并实现编辑病例与模拟训练两大核心功能,导入自主设计的急诊典型病例。将该软件应用于50名急诊实习医学生的教学实践,并通过问卷调查收集反馈意见。结果/结论学生对该软件的新颖性和整体效果表示认可,赞同将其用于急诊实习教学。软件的病史采集和体格检查功能有待提升。该病例模拟软件在急诊实习教学中应用前景广阔,值得进一步探索和推广。展开更多
对文创设计方法中的数智技术应用现状进行梳理,总结现有研究中的相关技术与设计方法结合的应用,为后续的相关研究和实践提供参考。以文献分析法和案例分析法为主,对知网和Web of Science数据库中提取到的与主题相符的论文进行摘要检索,...对文创设计方法中的数智技术应用现状进行梳理,总结现有研究中的相关技术与设计方法结合的应用,为后续的相关研究和实践提供参考。以文献分析法和案例分析法为主,对知网和Web of Science数据库中提取到的与主题相符的论文进行摘要检索,从用户调研、文化要素提取与解析、设计灵感激发、设计概念实现和设计评价等环节,总结和归纳了文创设计中数智技术的应用现状。探讨了数智技术在文创设计中所面临的挑战和问题,包括文化理解、设计协同、技术限制等方面。文创设计的发展正处在变革时期,对技术的使用已经形成了一个初步的体系。设计流程的步骤逐渐变得精简,向数据驱动需求调研、AI辅助设计开发和评价的流程演变。未来发展重点在整合,构建更紧密、协同的设计环境,提升流程效率和连贯性,培养跨学科的专业素养,促进数智技术在文创设计中的创新应用。展开更多
The synergetic effect and underlying mechanism of potassium ferrate(PF)with tea saponin(TS,a biosurfactant)in producing short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge(WAS)were expl...The synergetic effect and underlying mechanism of potassium ferrate(PF)with tea saponin(TS,a biosurfactant)in producing short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge(WAS)were explored in this work.Experimental results showed that 0.2 g PF(g TSS)^(-1)(total suspended solid)combined with 0.02 g TS(g TSS)^(-1) could further improve SCFAs’production,and the maximum SCFAs content reached 2008.7 mg COD L^(-1),which is 1.2 and 4.5 times higher than those with PF and TS individually added,respectively,and 5.3 times higher than that of blank WAS on Day 12.In the model substrates experiments,the degradation rates of bovine serum albumin and dextran with combination of PF and TS were 41.3%±0.1% and 48.5%±0.06%,respectively,on Day 3,which are lower than those in blank WAS(with degradation rates of 72.3%±0.5%and 90.3%±0.3%).It was revealed that the oxidative effect of PF and the solubilization of TS caused more organic matters to be dissolved out from WAS,providing a large number of biodegradable substances for subsequent SCFAs production.While WAS pretreated with the combination of PF and TS,the relative abundances of Firmicutes increased from 6.4%(blank)to 38.6%,and that of Proteobacteria decreased from 41.8%(blank)to 21.8%.The combination of PF and TS promoted the hydrolysis process of WAS by enriching Firmicutes,and then increased acetic acid production by inhibiting Proteobacteria that consumed SCFAs.Meanwhile,at the genus level,acidogenesis bacteria(e.g.,Proteiniclasticum and Petrimonas)were enriched whereas SCFAs consuming bacteria(e.g.,Dokdonella)were inhibited.展开更多
This study evaluated the effect of potassium ferrate(PF)and low-temperature thermal hydrolysis co-pretreatment on the promotion of sludge hydrolysis process and the impact on acid production in the subsequent anaerobi...This study evaluated the effect of potassium ferrate(PF)and low-temperature thermal hydrolysis co-pretreatment on the promotion of sludge hydrolysis process and the impact on acid production in the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.The analytical investigations showed that co-pretreatment significantly facilitated the hydrolysis process of the sludge and contributed to the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).The pretreatment conditions under the optimal leaching of organic matter from sludge were hydrothermal temperature of 75℃,hydrothermal treatment time of 12 h,and PF dosage of 0.25 g g^(−1)TSS(total suspended solids),according to the results of orthogonal experiments.By pretreatment under proper conditions,the removal rate of soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD)achieved 71.8%at the end of fermentation and the removal rate of total phosphorus(TP)was 69.1%.The maximum yield of SCFAs was 750.3 mg L^(−1),7.45 times greater than that of the blank group.Based on the analysis of the anaerobic digestion mechanism,it was indicated that the co-pretreatment could destroy the floc structure on the sludge surface and improve organic matter dissolving,resulting in more soluble organic substances for the acidification process.Furthermore,microbial community research revealed that the main cause of enhanced SCFAs generation was an increase in acidogenic bacteria and a reduction of methanogenic bacteria.展开更多
文摘目的/意义研发贴合急诊医学临床教学特点的病例模拟软件,并应用于医学生急诊临床实习教学,丰富急诊医学科等专科临床带教手段。方法/过程利用Visual Studio 2017平台开发软件并实现编辑病例与模拟训练两大核心功能,导入自主设计的急诊典型病例。将该软件应用于50名急诊实习医学生的教学实践,并通过问卷调查收集反馈意见。结果/结论学生对该软件的新颖性和整体效果表示认可,赞同将其用于急诊实习教学。软件的病史采集和体格检查功能有待提升。该病例模拟软件在急诊实习教学中应用前景广阔,值得进一步探索和推广。
文摘对文创设计方法中的数智技术应用现状进行梳理,总结现有研究中的相关技术与设计方法结合的应用,为后续的相关研究和实践提供参考。以文献分析法和案例分析法为主,对知网和Web of Science数据库中提取到的与主题相符的论文进行摘要检索,从用户调研、文化要素提取与解析、设计灵感激发、设计概念实现和设计评价等环节,总结和归纳了文创设计中数智技术的应用现状。探讨了数智技术在文创设计中所面临的挑战和问题,包括文化理解、设计协同、技术限制等方面。文创设计的发展正处在变革时期,对技术的使用已经形成了一个初步的体系。设计流程的步骤逐渐变得精简,向数据驱动需求调研、AI辅助设计开发和评价的流程演变。未来发展重点在整合,构建更紧密、协同的设计环境,提升流程效率和连贯性,培养跨学科的专业素养,促进数智技术在文创设计中的创新应用。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41276067)the Air Liquide(China)R&D Co.,Ltd.(No.20200216).
文摘The synergetic effect and underlying mechanism of potassium ferrate(PF)with tea saponin(TS,a biosurfactant)in producing short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge(WAS)were explored in this work.Experimental results showed that 0.2 g PF(g TSS)^(-1)(total suspended solid)combined with 0.02 g TS(g TSS)^(-1) could further improve SCFAs’production,and the maximum SCFAs content reached 2008.7 mg COD L^(-1),which is 1.2 and 4.5 times higher than those with PF and TS individually added,respectively,and 5.3 times higher than that of blank WAS on Day 12.In the model substrates experiments,the degradation rates of bovine serum albumin and dextran with combination of PF and TS were 41.3%±0.1% and 48.5%±0.06%,respectively,on Day 3,which are lower than those in blank WAS(with degradation rates of 72.3%±0.5%and 90.3%±0.3%).It was revealed that the oxidative effect of PF and the solubilization of TS caused more organic matters to be dissolved out from WAS,providing a large number of biodegradable substances for subsequent SCFAs production.While WAS pretreated with the combination of PF and TS,the relative abundances of Firmicutes increased from 6.4%(blank)to 38.6%,and that of Proteobacteria decreased from 41.8%(blank)to 21.8%.The combination of PF and TS promoted the hydrolysis process of WAS by enriching Firmicutes,and then increased acetic acid production by inhibiting Proteobacteria that consumed SCFAs.Meanwhile,at the genus level,acidogenesis bacteria(e.g.,Proteiniclasticum and Petrimonas)were enriched whereas SCFAs consuming bacteria(e.g.,Dokdonella)were inhibited.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41276067)the Air Liquide(China)R&D Co.,Ltd.(No.20200216).
文摘This study evaluated the effect of potassium ferrate(PF)and low-temperature thermal hydrolysis co-pretreatment on the promotion of sludge hydrolysis process and the impact on acid production in the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.The analytical investigations showed that co-pretreatment significantly facilitated the hydrolysis process of the sludge and contributed to the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).The pretreatment conditions under the optimal leaching of organic matter from sludge were hydrothermal temperature of 75℃,hydrothermal treatment time of 12 h,and PF dosage of 0.25 g g^(−1)TSS(total suspended solids),according to the results of orthogonal experiments.By pretreatment under proper conditions,the removal rate of soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD)achieved 71.8%at the end of fermentation and the removal rate of total phosphorus(TP)was 69.1%.The maximum yield of SCFAs was 750.3 mg L^(−1),7.45 times greater than that of the blank group.Based on the analysis of the anaerobic digestion mechanism,it was indicated that the co-pretreatment could destroy the floc structure on the sludge surface and improve organic matter dissolving,resulting in more soluble organic substances for the acidification process.Furthermore,microbial community research revealed that the main cause of enhanced SCFAs generation was an increase in acidogenic bacteria and a reduction of methanogenic bacteria.
