土壤有机碳(SOC)和无机碳(SIC)是参与全球碳循环的重要碳库。亚表层(10~30 cm)培肥结合地膜覆盖措施是干旱区优化盐碱土壤物理结构和调控土壤水盐环境的有效措施,然而关于其如何调控0~60 cm土体SOC、SIC分布及其与土壤相关理化性状的关...土壤有机碳(SOC)和无机碳(SIC)是参与全球碳循环的重要碳库。亚表层(10~30 cm)培肥结合地膜覆盖措施是干旱区优化盐碱土壤物理结构和调控土壤水盐环境的有效措施,然而关于其如何调控0~60 cm土体SOC、SIC分布及其与土壤相关理化性状的关系尚不明确。本研究基于内蒙古河套灌区盐碱土壤6年的田间微区试验,设置常规对照(CK)、亚表层(10~30 cm)有机培肥(OM)、地膜覆盖(PM)、亚表层有机培肥+地膜覆盖(OM+PM)4个处理,测定了2019—2020年0~60 cm剖面SOC、SIC、全碳(TC)含量以及土壤理化指标(土壤水分、盐分、pH和全氮),分析了TC、SOC、SIC变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:OM和OM+PM处理较CK和PM处理显著增加0~40 cm土层SOC含量31.9%~195.6%(P<0.05),显著增加40~60 cm SOC含量33.7%~49.4%(P<0.05,仅2020年),但显著降低0~40 cm SIC含量9.9%~35.0%(P<0.05)。基于SOC和SIC的变化,OM+PM较CK处理显著增加2019年20~60 cm TC含量10.4%~39.4%(P<0.05),并显著增加2020年0~20 cm TC含量13.0%(P<0.05)。回归分析结果进一步说明,覆膜条件下补充亚表层培肥,使总碳库变化的主导因素由SIC转变为SOC。冗余分析结果表明土壤理化性质是影响土壤碳库的主要因素(解释度为60.7%~91.9%),其中全氮和pH是0~40 cm土壤碳库的主要影响因子,而40~60 cm土壤碳库主要受盐分和pH影响。相关性分析结果表明SOC与SIC表现为完全相反的变化规律,其中SOC与全氮极显著正相关,与盐分和pH呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);SIC与全氮呈极显著负相关,与pH呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。因此,亚表层培肥结合地膜覆盖可以通过增加SOC来弥补SIC的损失进而实现碳积累,是该区域盐碱地增加固碳潜力的有效措施。展开更多
Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural production.Deep return of straw to the soil as an interlayer (at 40 cm depth) has been a popular practice to alleviate salt stress.However,t...Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural production.Deep return of straw to the soil as an interlayer (at 40 cm depth) has been a popular practice to alleviate salt stress.However,the legacy effects of straw added as an interlayer at different rates on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in saline soils still remain inconclusive.Therefore,a four-year (2015–2018) field experiment was conducted with four levels (i.e.,0,6,12and 18 Mg ha~(–1)) of straw returned as an interlayer.Compared with no straw interlayer (CK),straw addition increased SOC concentration by 14–32 and 11–57%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,respectively.The increases in soil TN concentration (8–22 and 6–34%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,respectively) were lower than that for SOC concentration,which led to increased soil C:N ratio in the 20–60 cm soil depth.Increases in SOC and TN concentrations in the 20–60 cm soil layer with straw addition led to a decrease in stratification ratios (0–20 cm:20–60 cm),which promoted uniform distributions of SOC and TN in the soil profile.Increases in SOC and TN concentrations were associated with soil salinity and moisture regulation and improved sunflower yield.Generally,compared with other treatments,the application of 12 Mg ha~(–1) straw had higher SOC,TN and C:N ratio,and lower soil stratification ratio in the2015–2017 period.The results highlighted that legacy effects of straw application as an interlayer were maintained for at least four years,and demonstrated that deep soil straw application had a great potential for improving subsoil fertility in salt-affected soils.展开更多
文摘土壤有机碳(SOC)和无机碳(SIC)是参与全球碳循环的重要碳库。亚表层(10~30 cm)培肥结合地膜覆盖措施是干旱区优化盐碱土壤物理结构和调控土壤水盐环境的有效措施,然而关于其如何调控0~60 cm土体SOC、SIC分布及其与土壤相关理化性状的关系尚不明确。本研究基于内蒙古河套灌区盐碱土壤6年的田间微区试验,设置常规对照(CK)、亚表层(10~30 cm)有机培肥(OM)、地膜覆盖(PM)、亚表层有机培肥+地膜覆盖(OM+PM)4个处理,测定了2019—2020年0~60 cm剖面SOC、SIC、全碳(TC)含量以及土壤理化指标(土壤水分、盐分、pH和全氮),分析了TC、SOC、SIC变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:OM和OM+PM处理较CK和PM处理显著增加0~40 cm土层SOC含量31.9%~195.6%(P<0.05),显著增加40~60 cm SOC含量33.7%~49.4%(P<0.05,仅2020年),但显著降低0~40 cm SIC含量9.9%~35.0%(P<0.05)。基于SOC和SIC的变化,OM+PM较CK处理显著增加2019年20~60 cm TC含量10.4%~39.4%(P<0.05),并显著增加2020年0~20 cm TC含量13.0%(P<0.05)。回归分析结果进一步说明,覆膜条件下补充亚表层培肥,使总碳库变化的主导因素由SIC转变为SOC。冗余分析结果表明土壤理化性质是影响土壤碳库的主要因素(解释度为60.7%~91.9%),其中全氮和pH是0~40 cm土壤碳库的主要影响因子,而40~60 cm土壤碳库主要受盐分和pH影响。相关性分析结果表明SOC与SIC表现为完全相反的变化规律,其中SOC与全氮极显著正相关,与盐分和pH呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);SIC与全氮呈极显著负相关,与pH呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。因此,亚表层培肥结合地膜覆盖可以通过增加SOC来弥补SIC的损失进而实现碳积累,是该区域盐碱地增加固碳潜力的有效措施。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871584)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ZDRW202201)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution, China (1610132020011)the “Open the list” in charge of the Science and Technology Project of Ordos, Center for Agro-pastoral Ecology and Resource Conservation of Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, China (JBGS2021-001)the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Research Project (2021EEDSCXSFQZD011)。
文摘Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural production.Deep return of straw to the soil as an interlayer (at 40 cm depth) has been a popular practice to alleviate salt stress.However,the legacy effects of straw added as an interlayer at different rates on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in saline soils still remain inconclusive.Therefore,a four-year (2015–2018) field experiment was conducted with four levels (i.e.,0,6,12and 18 Mg ha~(–1)) of straw returned as an interlayer.Compared with no straw interlayer (CK),straw addition increased SOC concentration by 14–32 and 11–57%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,respectively.The increases in soil TN concentration (8–22 and 6–34%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,respectively) were lower than that for SOC concentration,which led to increased soil C:N ratio in the 20–60 cm soil depth.Increases in SOC and TN concentrations in the 20–60 cm soil layer with straw addition led to a decrease in stratification ratios (0–20 cm:20–60 cm),which promoted uniform distributions of SOC and TN in the soil profile.Increases in SOC and TN concentrations were associated with soil salinity and moisture regulation and improved sunflower yield.Generally,compared with other treatments,the application of 12 Mg ha~(–1) straw had higher SOC,TN and C:N ratio,and lower soil stratification ratio in the2015–2017 period.The results highlighted that legacy effects of straw application as an interlayer were maintained for at least four years,and demonstrated that deep soil straw application had a great potential for improving subsoil fertility in salt-affected soils.
